Ese wumva ufite uturemangingo twinshi dutukura mu maraso? Reka tuvuge kuri erythrocyte!

Hari igihe wumva unaniwe gusa, urwaye umutwe, cyangwa ukumva ufite intege nke? Akenshi ntitwita cyane kuri utwo tuntu duto, si byo se? Ariko, niba umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura mu mubiri wawe wiyongereye urenze urugero rwasabwaga, ari na cyo abaganga bita erythrocyte cyangwa polycythemia , ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara. Iki ni ikintu wagakwiye guhangayikishwa nacyo rimwe na rimwe. Rero, uyu munsi turaganira birambuye ku cyo erythrocyte ari cyo, impamvu kibaho, n'icyakorwa kuri cyo.

Ese koko erythrocyte ni iki?

Muri make, erythrocyte ni igihe amaraso yawe afite urugero ruri hejuru y’urusanzwe rw’uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso (Erythrocyte). Nkuko mubizi, amaraso yacu agizwe n’ibice bibiri. Kimwe ni igice gikomeye, ari cyo turemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso, uturemangingo tw’amaraso twera, na plaquettes. Ikindi gice ni igice cy’amazi, twita plasma. Muri erythrocyte, umubare w’uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso uriyongera ugereranije n’igice cy’amazi, ari cyo plasma.

Iyo upimwe amaraso, uzabona agaciro kabiri kuri raporo: Hematocrit na Hemoglobin .

• Hematocrit (HCT): Ibi bikubwira ijanisha ry'amaraso yawe rigizwe n'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso.
• Hemoglobini (HB): Iyi ni poroteyine y'ingenzi cyane iboneka mu turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso itwara ogisijeni mu mibiri yacu yose.

Mu ndwara ya erythrocyte, kimwe muri ibyo cyangwa byombi muri ibi bipimo bya hematocrit na hemoglobine bishobora kuba biri hejuru y’ibisanzwe.

Ni gute uku kwiyongera kw'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso bigira ingaruka ku mubiri?

Uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso ni ingenzi ku mibiri yacu. Dutwara umwuka wa ogisijeni mu bihaha tuwujyana muri buri turemangingo n’ingingo zose z’umubiri. Niyo mpamvu ingingo zacu zigaburirwa kandi zikagira ubuzima bwiza.

Ariko, iyo uturemangingo dutukura twiyongereye cyane, ibibazo bishobora kubaho. Biterwa n'impamvu y'ubwiyongere bw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Ingaruka zimwe na zimwe ni nto cyane. Ushobora kumva ibintu nk'umutwe n'umunaniro gusa. Ariko, iyo uturemangingo dutukura twiyongereye kubera impamvu zikomeye, amaraso atangira kwiyongera. Hanyuma hari ibyago byo kugira indwara zikomeye nko kubyimba kw'amaraso, indwara z'umutima cyangwa indwara zo gucika kw'imitsi .

Niyo mpamvu, niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'ibyo, ari ngombwa cyane kubonana na muganga kugira ngo umenye impamvu nyayo. Icyo gihe ni bwo ushobora kubona ubuvuzi bukwiye, ukagabanya ibimenyetso, cyangwa ukirinda indwara zishobora gutera akaga.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa erythrocyte?

Erythrocyte ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri bitewe n'uburyo izi selile zitukura ziyongera:

1. Erythrocyte ikabije: Iki ni igihe umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso tuboneka mu mubiri wawe uba uri hejuru cyane ugereranije n'ibisanzwe.

2. Erythrocyte isanzwe: Iki ni cyo gihe umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso ushobora kuba usanzwe, ariko ingano ya plasma mu maraso iragabanuka, bityo ingano y'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso isa nkaho yiyongera. Urugero, iyo uruka cyane kandi ukagira impiswi kandi ugatakaza amazi menshi mu mubiri wawe, amazi y'amaraso aragabanuka. Iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho mu bihe nk'ibi.

Erythrocyte yuzuye igabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri, bitewe n'impamvu:

Erythrocytosis y'ibanze

Ikibazo kiri mu musemburo w'amagufwa yacu. Nkuko mubizi, umusemburo w'amagufwa ni wo ruganda rukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura. Rero, muri ubu busemburo bw'ibanze bw'amaraso, bitewe n'inenge y'uturemangingo mu turemangingo tw'inyuma (uturemangingo tw'ababyeyi) mu musemburo w'amagufwa, umusaruro w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura wiyongera mu buryo butunguranye. Ubu busemburo bw'uturemangingo bushobora kuragwa (nk'inenge y'amavuko), cyangwa bushobora no kubaho mu gihe cy'ubuzima.

• Erythrocyte y'ibanze yabonetse: Urugero rwiza rw'ibi ni indwara yitwa Polycythemia Vera . Abantu benshi bitiranya Erythrocyte na Polycythemia Vera nk'indwara imwe. Ariko, ntabwo ari imwe. Polycythemia Vera ni indwara yihariye kandi ikomeye cyane itera Erythrocyte.
• Erythrocyte y'ibanze y'umuragwa: Hari igihe inenge mu ngirabuzimafatizo zikomoka ku babyeyi zishobora gutuma umwongo w'amagufwa ukora uturemangingo dutukura twinshi cyane.

Erythrocytosis ya kabiri

Ikibazo hano ntabwo kiri mu musemburo w'amagufwa, ahubwo kiri mu kindi kintu kitari mu musemburo w'amagufwa. Akenshi, erythrocyte ya kabiri iterwa n'uko umubiri wacu ukora imisemburo myinshi yitwa erythropoietin , cyangwa EPO . `EPO` ni ubutumwa bw'ibinyabutabire. Niyo ibwira umusemburo w'amagufwa "gukora uturemangingo twinshi dutukura."

Tekereza, ufite indwara y'ibihaha cyangwa indwara y'umutima. Icyo gihe, ingano ya ogisijeni umubiri ubona iba nke. Muri icyo gihe, umubiri ugerageza gukora imisemburo myinshi ya `EPO`, kandi binyuze muri yo, ikangura umwongo wo mu magufwa kugira ngo ukore uturemangingo dutukura twinshi. Kubera ko uturemangingo dutukura dutwara ogisijeni. Ariko, iyo ikorwa ry'uturemangingo dutukura muri ubu buryo ryiyongera cyane, bitera erithrocyte ya kabiri. Iyi erithrocyte ya kabiri ishobora no guterwa n'indwara zimwe na zimwe za genetiki, ariko izo nenge za genetiki si izo mu mwongo wo mu magufwa.

Ni gute usuzuma agaciro k'amaraso kugira ngo urebe niba ufite erythrocyte?

Mu by’ukuri, urwego rw’uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso rufatwa nk’ibisanzwe rushobora gutandukana bitewe n’umuntu ku wundi. Hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kuri ibi, harimo imyaka yawe, waba uri umugabo cyangwa umugore, ndetse n’uburebure bw’agace utuyemo (waba uri ku nkombe y’inyanja cyangwa mu gace k’imisozi miremire).

Ubusanzwe, erythrocytosis mu bantu bakuru igaragazwa n'ubwiyongere bwa hematocrit (HCT) na / cyangwa hemoglobin (HB). Ibi bipimo bishobora gupimwa hakoreshejwe isuzuma ry'amaraso ryitwa "Umubare w'amaraso wuzuye (CBC)".

Ku bagabo:

• Hematocrit (HCT): Iyo irenze 50%
• Hemoglobini (HB): Iyo irenze 17.5 g/dL

Ku bagore badatwite:

• Hematocrit (HCT): Iyo irenze 45%
• Hemoglobini (HB): Iyo irenze 15.3 g/dL

Icy'ingenzi: Izi ndangagaciro ni ubuyobozi rusange gusa. Muganga wawe azamenya neza niba ufite erythrocyte nyuma yo gusuzuma ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera Erythrocytosis?

Ibi biterwa no kugabanuka k'umubare w'amazi mu mubiri, bigatuma amazi asohoka mu maraso (plasma) agabanuka ndetse n'ubwinshi bw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso bwiyongera. Impamvu nyamukuru ibitera ni ukubura amazi mu mubiri .

• Kuruka cyane
• Impiswi
• Imiti imwe n'imwe, urugero, imiti igabanya ubushyuhe (imiti ikura amazi mu mubiri) (Iyi itangwa kugira ngo amaraso akomeze kwiyongera cyangwa amazi agumane).

Kubera izo mpamvu, ingano y'amazi mu mubiri ishobora kugabanuka bigatuma habaho erythrocyte.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera indwara ya Absolute Erythrocytosis?

Hari impamvu ebyiri zitandukanye zibitera: iz’ibanze n’iz’inyongera.

Impamvu zitera erythrocyte y'ibanze:

Ibi akenshi biterwa n'ubusembwa bw'uturemangingo bugira ingaruka ku musemburo w'amagufwa.

• Polycythemia Vera n'izindi neoplasme za Myeloproliferative: Izi ni indwara aho umwongo w'amagufwa ukora cyane uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso n'utundi turemangingo tw'amaraso. Polycythemia Vera ni yo ikunze kugaragara cyane muri izi.
• Ubusembwa bw'ivuka: Hari abantu bashobora kuvukana ubusembwa bw'uturemangingo butuma umwobo w'amagufwa ukora uturemangingo twinshi cyane tw'amaraso atukura.

Impamvu zitera erythrocyte ya kabiri:

Ibi akenshi biterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'imisemburo `EPO`.

• Ibintu bigabanya ogisijeni ku ngingo:
• Indwara y'ibihaha (urugero: bronchitis idakira, emphysema)
• Indwara z'umutima (urugero: indwara z'umutima zavukanye)
• Kubura umwuka wo gusinzira
• Hemoglobinopathy: Izi ni indwara aho poroteyine ya hemoglobine iri mu turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso idashobora gutwara ogisijeni neza bitewe n'ikosa.
• Indwara z'impyiko n'uburyo bwo kuzitera:
• Stenosis y'imitsi ifata impyiko (kugabanuka kw'imitsi itwara amaraso)
• Hydronephrosis (kubyimba kw'impyiko bitewe no kwirundanya kw'inkari)
• Iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho rimwe na rimwe ndetse na nyuma yo guterwa impyiko.
• Ibibyimba: Bimwe mu bibyimba bya kanseri n'ibitari kanseri bishobora gusohora imisemburo ya EPO irenze urugero.
• Ibibyimba bya kanseri: Kansinoma y'impyiko, Hemangioblastoma, Kansinoma y'umwijima, Kansinoma ya Parathyroid.
• Ibibyimba bitari kanseri: Fibroids zo mu nda, Pheochromocytoma, Meningioma.
• Uburozi bwa monoxide ya karuboni n'itabi: Kunywa itabi ryinshi bishobora gutera uburozi bwa monoxide ya karuboni, ibyo bikaba byagabanya ogisijeni mu ngingo.
• Imiti n'imiti imwe n'imwe:
• Steroids za Anabolic (zifatwa n'abakinnyi kugira ngo bongere imbaraga)
• Gufata imisemburo ya testosterone.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso umuntu ufite erythrocyte ashobora kugira?

Ibimenyetso ubona (n'uburemere bwabyo) biterwa n'icyateye erythrocyte yawe. Urugero, umuntu ufite erythrocyte ya kabiri ashobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Umutwe
• Kutagira icyo umuntu atekereza, kugorwa no kwibanda ku bintu
• Kugorwa no gusinzira
• Kumva ufite intege nke, unaniwe

Umuntu ufite erythrocyte y’ibanze (cyane cyane polycythemia vera) ashobora kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye kurushaho:

• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso
• Kubira ibyuya byinshi nijoro
• Kugabanya ibiro nta mpamvu
• Ububabare bukomeye, kubyimba, no gutukura mu ngingo (byitwa kandi goutte )
• Ibibazo byo kuva amaraso (kuva amaraso kenshi mu mazuru, kuva amaraso cyangwa gukomereka bitewe n'igikomere gito)
• Uruhu rurashya (kurushya bishobora kwiyongera, cyane cyane nyuma yo koga bishyushye)
• Gucika intege mu maguru, kumva nk'aho imboro zirimo kwiruka hirya no hino
• Gutukura hamwe no kubyimba mu maso, mu maboko no mu birenge.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma indwara ya erythrocytosis?

Muganga wawe azabanza kugerageza kumenya impamvu ituma urwara uturemangingo dutukura twinshi, akoresheje ibizamini n'uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura.

Ubwa mbere, bazabaza ibibazo bijyanye n'amateka y'ubuzima bwawe, imiti ufata, imibereho yawe (urugero: unywa itabi), n'ibimenyetso byawe, kandi barebe niba hari erythrocyte (iterwa no kugabanuka k'amaraso mu maraso). Bazakora kandi isuzuma ry'umubiri.

Ikindi ugomba gusuzuma ni ukumenya niba ufite urwego rw'ibanze cyangwa urw'ibanze . Ushobora kandi gukora ibindi bizamini bike ukoresheje amakuru yavuzwe haruguru.

Ni ibihe bizamini birimo gukorwa?

• Umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (CBC): Ibi bishobora kugenzura ingano y'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso yawe, hemoglobin (HB), na hematocrit (HCT).
• Gupima amaraso mu gice cyo hasi (PBS): Ibi bikubiyemo gufata igitonyanga cy'amaraso no kureba uturemangingo dukoresheje mikorosikopi kugira ngo urebe niba dufite imiterere cyangwa ingano idasanzwe. Niba ufite indwara nka Polycythemia Vera, ushobora kubona uturemangingo tudasanzwe.
• Ibipimo by'imikorere y'impyiko n'umwijima: Ibi bishobora gutanga igitekerezo cy'uko hari indwara y'impyiko cyangwa ikibyimba gikora EPO nyinshi.
• Pulse Oximetry: Akamashini gato gashyirwa ku rutoki gapima urugero rwa ogisijeni mu maraso. Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya niba iyo ndwara iterwa n'ibintu nk'indwara z'umutima cyangwa indwara z'ibihaha.
• Kugenzura urugero rwa erythropoietin (EPO): Niba urugero rwa `EPO` ruri hasi, rushobora kuba erythrocyte y'ibanze, niba urugero rwa `EPO` ruri hejuru, rushobora kuba erythrocyte y'inyongera.
• Isuzuma ry'inkari: Hafatwa icyitegererezo cy'inkari kugira ngo harebwe niba nta kibazo kirimo. Iyo hari uturemangingo dutukura mu nkari, bishobora kuba biterwa n'indwara y'impyiko.

Iyo umuganga akeka ko hari ikibazo runaka, nka polycythemia vera, ashobora no gukora ibindi bizamini, nko gupimwa umwongo w'amagufwa .

Ese erythrocyte ivurwa ite?

Kenshi na kenshi, icyateye erythrocyte ntigishobora gukira burundu. Ariko, kuvura bishobora kugenzura no kugabanya ibimenyetso. Mu gihe erythrocyte iterwa n'impamvu zikomeye, kuvura nabyo bikoreshwa mu gukumira indwara zishobora guteza akaga nko kubyimba kw'amaraso.

• Phlebotomy cyangwa Venesection:

Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane bwo kuvura polycythemia vera. Ni nko gutanga amaraso, ariko bisaba gufata amaraso make mu mitsi no kugabanya umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso n'ingano y'amaraso ari hejuru cyane. Akenshi erythrocyte ya kabiri ntisaba ubu buryo.

• Imiti:
• Ku bantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kuvura amaraso, muganga ashobora kubagira inama yo gufata aspirine nkeya buri munsi.
• Hariho kandi imiti igabanya umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso:
• Hydroxycarbamide `(Hydroxycarbamide)`
• Hydroxyurea `(Hydroxyurea)`
• Busulfani
• Interferon alfa `(Interferon alfa)`
• Ruxolitinib

Muganga wawe azaguha imiti ijyanye n'uburwayi bwawe. Azaguha kandi imiti ijyanye n'uburwayi bwawe, bitewe n'impamvu nyamukuru yateye indwara ya erythrocyte.

Niba mfite iyi ndwara, ni iki nkwiye kwitega?

Ubunararibonye bwawe buzaterwa n'icyateye erythrocyte yawe n'ubukana bwayo. Urugero, zimwe mu ndwara zo mu bwoko bwa erythrocyte y'ibanze zitera ibimenyetso byoroheje gusa kandi ntabwo zishyira ubuzima mu kaga. Ariko, indwara zikomeye cyane, nka polycythemia vera, zishobora gusaba kuvurwa ubuzima bwose.

Nitwara nte?

Igikuru ni ugukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza. Hagati aho, hari impinduka nke mu mibereho yawe zishobora kugufasha:

• Niba unywa itabi, rireke.
• Komeza kugira ibiro byiza by'umubiri.
• Niba ufite umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije, genzura.
• Irinde gutembera uva ku nkombe z'inyanja ukagera ku misozi miremire cyane (ahantu h'imisozi miremire) uko bishoboka kose.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya mu bitaro byihutirwa (ETU) ?

Niba ufite ikibazo kijyanye na erythrocyte kigushyira mu kaga ko kubyimba kw'amaraso, ni ngombwa kumenya ibimenyetso by'uko amaraso yabyimbye. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, shaka abaganga vuba:

• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Kubyimba, kubabara, no gutukura ku kuguru kumwe.
• Amaraso agwa mu bihaha (Pulmonary Embolism - PE): Kubabara mu gituza, kugorwa no guhumeka, kumva uzuzumwe.
• Stroke: Gutakaza uburinganire butunguranye, guhuza ingingo, intege nke z'imitsi cyangwa ibinure ku ruhande rumwe rw'umubiri.
• Indwara y'umutima: Kubabara mu gituza, guhumeka nabi, kumva isereri, kubira ibyuya.

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, nyamuneka jya kwa muganga vuba vuba.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Erythrocyte ni ukwiyongera kw'umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso yawe. Ibi bishobora kuba indwara ntoya, cyangwa rimwe na rimwe bikaba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye.

• Niba ufite ibimenyetso bidasanzwe (cyane cyane umunaniro uhoraho, kuribwa umutwe, uduheri ku ruhu, guhumeka nabi), gana muganga.
• Muganga azamenya impamvu nyayo ituma urwara uturemangingo dutukura twinshi.
• Hari igihe guhindura imibereho yoroheje (urugero, kugabanya ingano y'imiti ufata, kuvura umwuma) bishobora gukemura iki kibazo.
• Niba erythrocyte iterwa n'indwara ikomeye kurushaho, muganga wawe azagukurikirana buri gihe kandi aguhe ubuvuzi bukenewe.

Kwita ku buzima bwawe ni ingenzi cyane, bityo niba ufite impungenge, ntugatinye kuvugana na muganga.

* Erythrocyte, polycythemia, uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, hemoglobine, hematocrit, kuvura kw'amaraso, umwongo w'amagufwa