Ese uhora unaniwe? Reka twige byose ku bijyanye no kubura amaraso mu mubiri (anemia)!

Ese wumva unaniwe umunsi wose, ntushobora gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose? Cyangwa hari igihe wumva umubiri wawe urimo gukonja kandi bikaba bigoye guhumeka? Ibi si ibintu bitunguranye gusa, wenda umubiri wawe udafite intungamubiri zihagije, zishobora kuba zitera kubura amaraso, ni ukuvuga kubura amaraso. Uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku kibazo cyo kubura amaraso mu mubiri, impamvu kibaho, n'uburyo bwo kucyirinda.

Anemia yo kubura folate ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye!

Muri make, indwara yo kubura folate anemia ni indwara y’amaraso iterwa no kubura folate, cyangwa vitamine B9, mu mubiri wawe. Ikibaho muri ibi ni uko umubare w’uturemangingo dutukura mu mubiri wawe uba uri hasi ugereranije n’ibisanzwe kandi uturemangingo dutukura tuba turiho tukaba tunini cyane. Tekereza nawe, utu turemangingo dutukura dutwara ogisijeni mu mibiri yacu yose. Rero iyo utu turemangingo tugabanuka, tukaba tunini, cyangwa tudashobora gukora neza, ingano ya ogisijeni umubiri ubona iragabanuka. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, uku kubura ogisijeni ni byo bituma wumva unaniwe, ufite intege nke, kandi ukonje.

Kuki amaraso make agabanuka iyo folate ibuze? Ni iki kiba mu mubiri?

Ese uzi uburyo uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura dukora? Twabanje kuremwa duturutse ku turemangingo tw’inyuma mu igufwa riri mu magufwa yacu. Utwo turemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura turakura buhoro buhoro tugahuza amaraso yacu, tugatwara umwuka wa ogisijeni kuri buri rugingo n’ingingo zose z’umubiri.

Aha, intungamubiri yitwa folate ni ingenzi kugira ngo habeho uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso tuzima. Ni nko kubaka inzu ukoresheje sima. Rero, niba umubiri wawe udafite folate ihagije, umwotsi wawe ntuzatanga uturemangingo dutukura dusanzwe. Ahubwo, utanga ubwoko budasanzwe bw’uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso twitwa "megaloblasts."

Kubera ko izi selile "megaloblastic" ari nini cyane, zimwe muri zo ntizinava mu musemburo w'amagufwa ngo zifatanye n'amaraso. Uturemangingo twifatanya ntitumara igihe kinini nk'uturemangingo dutukura dufite ubuzima bwiza. Dupfa vuba. Niyo mpamvu umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura mu mubiri ugabanuka, bigatera kubura amaraso, bivuze ko amaraso abura. Urabyumva?

Ese hari ubundi bwoko bw'amaraso adahagije?

Yego, kubura amaraso ni indwara ikunze kugaragara ku bantu benshi. Iterwa no kubura uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso. Hari impamvu nyinshi zitera kubura amaraso:

• Uturemangingo dutukura tudasanzwe (ibi kandi biterwa no kubura folate tuvuga).
• Kugabanuka k'umusaruro w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso tuzima.
• Kwangirika gukabije kw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso n'umwijima.
• Kugabanuka k'urugero rwa hemoglobine, poroteyine iri mu turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso itwara ogisijeni.
• Hemoglobine ntikora neza, bivuze ko idashobora gufata ogisijeni neza.
• Ukwiyongera kw'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso.

Itsinda ry'indwara zo kubura amaraso ziterwa n'uturemangingo dutukura tudasanzwe ryitwa "macrocytic anemia". Ubwoko bumwe bw'iyi ndwara ni "megaloblastic anemia". Izi zikurikira zigwa muri iyi "megaloblastic anemia":

• Anemia yo kubura folate
• Kubura Vitamine B12 kugabanya amaraso
• Kubura amaraso mu mubiri (anemia)

Uretse ibi, ubundi bwoko bw'indwara yo kubura amaraso abantu benshi bumvise ni:

• Kubura amaraso mu mubiri kubera kubura icyuma
• Anemia y'uturemangingo tw'umutsima

Ibura rya folate rikunze kugaragara gute?

Kubura folate ntabwo bikunze kugaragara mu bihugu byateye imbere. Ibi biterwa nuko folate yongerwa mu biribwa byinshi muri ibyo bihugu. Urugero, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, byari ngombwa kongeramo folate mu biribwa kuva mu 1998. Impamvu ni uko folate ari ingenzi cyane mu mikurire y'umwana mu gihe cy'uruhinja.

Abaganga basanze kubura folate bishobora gutera ubumuga bumwe na bumwe mu gihe umuntu avuka, cyane cyane ubumuga bwo mu miyoboro y'ubwonko nka spina bifida. Niyo mpamvu mu bihugu byinshi, folate yongerwa mu biribwa byinshi turya, cyane cyane ibinyampeke n'umuceri.

Ni nde ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara anemia yo kubura folate?

Hari abantu bashobora kurwara iyi ndwara cyane. Reba niba uri muri iki cyiciro:

• Abagore bageze mu kigero cyo kubyara: Abashaka folate ni benshi cyane cyane ku bagore bateganya gutwita, mu gihe batwite no konsa.
• Abantu banywa inzoga nyinshi: Inzoga zigabanya ubushobozi bw'umubiri bwo kwinjiza intungamubiri.
• Abantu barengeje imyaka 60.
• Abantu bafite ibibazo by'ubukungu: Kubera ko bigoye kubona indyo yuzuye.
• Ababyeyi batwite n'abonsa.

Ni iki gitera indwara yo kubura folate?

Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko tutabona folate ihagije mu byo turya. Uretse ibyo, hari izindi mpamvu zibuza umubiri kwinjiza cyangwa gukoresha folate neza:

• Ubusinzi (`Indwara yo gukoresha inzoga`).
• Kuvurwa dialyse bitewe n'impyiko zitameze neza.
• Indwara z'igogora, urugero nk'indwara ya Crohn n'indwara ya celiac.
• Gukoresha imiti imwe n'imwe igihe kirekire (urugero: ku ndwara z'igicuri, indwara za rubagimpande, imiti imwe n'imwe igabanya ubukana bw'umubiri, hamwe n'imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri).
• Indwara z’urubyaro nka "Hereditary folate malabsorption" (aho ubushobozi bw’umubiri bwo kwinjiza folate bugabanuka kuva ukivuka).

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibi? Ubimenya ute?

Hari igihe indwara yo kubura folate anemia ishobora kubaho nta bimenyetso. Muganga wawe ashobora kuyisanga gusa iyo upimye amaraso kugira ngo arebe ikindi kintu.

Ariko, iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bishobora kuba birimo:

• Kumva unaniwe igihe cyose (`umunaniro`): Ni nk'aho umunaniro udashira ndetse na nyuma yo gusinzira.
• Kumva ufite intege nke kandi unaniwe mu gihe ukora imirimo ya buri munsi.
• Kuzungera, kumva ufite umutwe ukeye.
• Uruhu rwerurutse (`umutuku`): Ahantu nko mu maso, iminwa, n'ibiganza bisa n'aho byerurutse.
• Kumva umutima wawe urimo gutera cyane, kumva urusaku mu gituza cyawe, cyangwa kumva umutima wawe urimo gusimbuka cyane (gutera umutima mu nda).
• Guhumeka nabi (dyspnea): Kubura umwuka nubwo haba hari imirimo mito.

Ni gute iyi ndwara ipimwa neza?

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, ugomba kujya kwa muganga. Muganga wawe azagusuzuma umubiri akubaze amateka y'ubuzima bwawe n'ibimenyetso byawe. Kubera ko ibimenyetso byo kubura amaraso mu mubiri bisa n'ibindi bibazo byinshi, ushobora gukenera gupimwa amaraso menshi kugira ngo umenye niba ari uko bimeze.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi muri ibi bipimo by'amaraso ni ibi bikurikira:

• Umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (CBC): Ibi bigenzura ibintu byinshi, nko umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, uturemangingo twera tw'amaraso, na plaquettes mu maraso yawe, ndetse n'ingano ya hemoglobine.
• Gupima amaraso mu maraso (PBS): Ibi bikubiyemo gufata icyitegererezo cy'amaraso yawe ukagisuzuma ukoresheje mikorosikopi. Ibi bigufasha kubona neza imiterere y'uturemangingo tw'amaraso, twaba tunini cyangwa duto, ndetse niba hari ibitagenda neza.
• Umubare wa reticulocytes: Reticulocytes ni uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso tukiri duto, tudakuze. Iki kizamini kireba niba umwongo w’amagufwa yawe utanga uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso duhagije.

Hamwe n'ibi bizamini, muganga wawe azasuzuma urugero rwa folate mu maraso yawe. Ibi bipimirwa mu bipimo byitwa `nanograms kuri mililitiro` (`ng/mL`).

• Habuze: Munsi ya nanogarama 2 kuri mililitiro (`< 2 ng/mL`).
• Imipaka: Hagati ya nanogramu 2 na 4 kuri mililitiro (`2 ng / mL - 4 ng / mL`).
• Birahagije: Birenze nanogarama 4 kuri mililitiro (`> 4 ng/mL`).

Kubera ko ibura rya vitamine B12 n'ibura rya folate bishobora kubaho rimwe, muganga azasuzuma urugero rwa vitamine B12 yawe.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Inkuru nziza ni uko hari uburyo bwo kuvura ibi, kandi biratanga umusaruro mwinshi.

Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura ni ugutanga inyongeramusaruro za Vitamine B9.Ibi bikunze gutangwa nk'ibinini byo kunywera mu kanwa. Ku bantu bamwe na bamwe bafite ikibazo cyo kumira ibinini, bashobora no kubihabwa nk'urushinge, cyangwa bakabishyira mu mitsi (IV). Ibi binini bishobora gukenera gufatwa buri gihe mu gihe cy'amezi menshi.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo guhindura indyo yawe. Niba ikibazo cy’ibura rya folate giterwa n’uburwayi runaka, ni ngombwa kuvura iyo ndwara.

Ese indwara yo kubura folate anemia ishobora kwirindwa?

Yego, birashoboka rwose. Biroroshye kwirinda iki kibazo niba wita kuri ibi bintu:

• Fata igipimo cyawe cya buri munsi cya folate, haba binyuze mu biribwa urya cyangwa ufata inyongera irimo vitamine B9 (aside folic).
• Gabanya inzoga unywa, cyangwa ureke burundu. Kunywa inzoga nyinshi bibuza umubiri kwinjiza intungamubiri z'ingenzi, harimo na folate.
• Niba ufite ikibazo cy’uburwayi kibuza umubiri wawe kwinjiza cyangwa gukoresha folate, ganira na muganga wawe kuri icyo kibazo.

Dukeneye folate (vitamine B9) ingana iki ku munsi?

Vitamine B9 tubona mu buryo busanzwe mu biribwa yitwa folate. Vitamine B9 yongerwa mu biribwa cyangwa iboneka mu binini bya vitamine yitwa aside folike. Ingano ya folate dukeneye ku munsi iterwa n'ibintu byinshi:

• Imyaka: Uko ugenda ukura, niko gukenera folate byiyongera.
• Inkomoko y'ibiribwa: Imibiri yacu ifata aside folike kurusha folate iva mu biribwa.

Inyongera za buri munsi zisabwa (RDAs) zigaragazwa muri mikorogarama (mcg), zipimwe muri Dietary Folate Equivalents (DFE). Ibi bishobora gusa n'ibiteye urujijo gato, ariko biroroshye.

• `Mcg 1` ya folate ikomoka ku biribwa ingana na `Mcg 1 DFE`.
• Waba wongerewe aside folike mu biribwa cyangwa ibinini bya vitamine ufatanywe n'ibiryo, mcg 1 ya aside folike ingana na mcg 1.67 DFE (bivuze ko umubiri winjiza byinshi).
• Mcg 1 ya aside folike ikomoka ku binini bya vitamine bifatwa mu nda idafite ikintu ni kimwe na mcg 2 za DFE (inyuzwa neza n'umubiri).

Urugero, niba ufashe multivitamine irimo '200 mcg' ya aside folike mu nda irimo ubusa, ishobora kubarwa nka '400 mcg DFE' (200 mcg x 2 = 400 mcg).

Umuntu mukuru asanzwe akeneye mcg 400 za DFE ku munsi. Abagore batwite bakeneye mcg 600 za DFE, naho ababyeyi bonsa bakeneye mcg 500 za DFE. Ni byiza kubaza muganga wawe ingano ikwiye.

Ni ibihe biribwa birimo folate nyinshi?

Ku bw'amahirwe, hari ibiryo byinshi bifite folate nziza. Gerageza kubishyira mu mirire yawe:

• Inyama: Umwijima w'inka (hari byinshi muri ibi, ariko ugomba no gutekereza kuri cholesterol)
• Imboga n'ibimera bibisi: Imboga mbisi nka epinari, kale, imboga zo mu bwoko bwa collard, asparagus, imimero ya Brussels, avoka, broccoli.
• Ibiribwa bikungahaye ku ntungamubiri: Ibinyampeke bimwe na bimwe (ibinyampeke bya mu gitondo), umuceri, umugati, makaroni, ifu y'umugati, n'ifu y'ibigori. (Reba ku kirango urebe niba harimo aside folike.)
• Ibishyimbo: Ibishyimbo by'impyiko, ibishyimbo by'impyiko.
• Ubunyobwa: Ubunyobwa, imbuto z'inkoko.
• Imbuto: Imbuto z'imitobe nk'amacunga na tangerines hamwe n'imitobe yazo.

Ibuka: Folate ishobora kwangirika iyo ibi biribwa bitetse igihe kirekire, nko mu gihe bitetse mu mazi. Rero uteke bike bishoboka, cyangwa ubyongere mu mafunguro yawe niba bishobora kuribwa ari bibisi (byogejwe neza).

Ese iyi ndwara izakira nivurwa?

Birashoboka cyane! Ubuvuzi bw'indwara yo kubura amaraso mu mubiri (anemia) akenshi bugira ingaruka nziza cyane. Mu mezi make umuntu amaze gutangira gukoresha inyongeramusaruro za Vitamine B9, abantu benshi batangira kongera gukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura, kandi ibimenyetso byabo bigenda birushaho kwiyongera.

Ni ryari ugomba kuvugana na muganga ku kibazo cyo kubura amaraso mu mubiri (anemia)?

Menya neza ko ugomba gushaka inama kwa muganga mu bihe nk'ibi:

• Niba utazi neza ingano ya folate ukeneye ku munsi, cyangwa niba urimo kuyirya ihagije.
• Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'amaraso make (nk'umunaniro, intege nke, guhumeka nabi).
• Niba ufite indi ndwara ishobora gutera kubura folate.
• Niba wigeze kuvurwa indwara yo kubura folate anemia kandi ukaba wumva ibimenyetso byawe bitangiye kugaruka.
• Niba uteganya gutwita, cyangwa usanzwe utwite, ibi ni ingenzi cyane!

Bishobora kugutera ubwoba gato kumenya ko ufite ikibazo mu turemangingo tw’amaraso. Ariko ibuka ko ibimenyetso ari uburyo umubiri wawe ukubwira ko hari ikibazo. Bishobora kuba ukeneye indyo yuzuye, cyangwa se bikaba ari ikibazo cy’uburwayi. Muganga wawe azagufasha kubona impamvu. Azaguha kandi inyongeramusaruro za Vitamine B9 n’ubundi buryo bwo kuvura nibiba ngombwa. Iyo uvuwe neza kandi ugakurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe, ibimenyetso byawe bizagenda neza.

Ibintu by'ingenzi cyane ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Sawa, dore ibintu bimwe na bimwe ugomba kuzirikana mu byo twavuze:

• Folate (vitamine B9) ni intungamubiri y'ingenzi mu gukora uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso dufite ubuzima bwiza.
• Kubura folate bishobora gutuma habaho uturemangingo dutukura tunini kandi tudasanzwe (`megaloblasts`), bigatera kubura amaraso.
• Niba ubonye ibimenyetso nko kugira umunaniro uhoraho, intege nke, uruhu rwera, no kugorwa no guhumeka, gana muganga.
• Shyiramo ibiryo bikungahaye kuri folate (ibinyamisogwe, imboga rwatsi, imbuto, ibiryo birimo folate) mu ndyo yawe.
• Abagore batwite, abonsa, n'abagore bagerageza gutwita bagomba kwitondera cyane ibijyanye na folate. Fata ibinini bya aside folic nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse.
• Akenshi iyi ndwara ishobora gukira burundu hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuyivura.

Rero, fata neza umubiri wawe. Rya indyo yuzuye. Niba ufite ikibazo, ntutinye kuvugana na muganga. Kugira ubuzima bwiza ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi!

Folate , kubura amaraso, vitamine B9, kubura amaraso, uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, kubura intungamubiri, ubuzima bwo gutwita