"Umuyobozi Mukuru" w'ubwonko bwawe ni nde? Reka tuvuge ku gasabo k'imbere (agasabo k'imbere)

Ese wigeze wibaza uwaba ari we nyiri ibyemezo byose ufata buri munsi, imyitwarire yawe, imico yawe, uko urakara, uko wumva wishimye... Kimwe n'umuyobozi mukuru w'ikigo kinini, hari umuntu umwe mu mubiri wacu ufata ibyemezo byose by'ingenzi kandi agategura byose. Icyo ni igice cy'imbere cy'ubwonko bwacu. Mu buvuzi, tucyita Frontal Lobe . Aha niho hantu hatangaje hatuma "twe" kandi hagagena imico yacu.

Mu magambo make, iyi "Frontal Lobe" ni iki?

Agace k'imbere ni kimwe mu bice bitanu by'ingenzi by'ubwonko bwawe. Nk'uko izina ribigaragaza, gaherereye imbere y'umutwe wawe. Mu by'ukuri, inyuma y'agahanga kawe. Tekereza ko iyo ubwonko bwacu bumera nk'agatsima kanini, agace k'imbere kaba ari igice kinini cyabwo, hagati ya 25% na 40%. Ibyo bivuze ko ari cyo gice kinini cy'ubwonko bwacu.

Ibyo utekereza byose, wifuza, n'ibyo ukora ubizi neza bigenzurwa muri aka gace gato. Ntabwo bikora wenyine. Ibi byose bibikora hamwe n'ubwonko bwose, nk'ikipe nziza.

Ni iyihe mirimo y'ingenzi ya Lobe yo mu mutwe w'imbere?

Urutonde rw'ibyo gukora ni rurerure cyane, ariko reka dukomeze koroshya ingingo z'ingenzi. Ibi byose bibaho utabizi.

Agace k'imbere gakozwe n'iki?

Kimwe n'ubwonko bwacu bwose, agace k'imbere kagizwe n'ubwoko bubiri bwihariye bw'uturemangingo. Tekereza nk'uburyo bw'amashanyarazi.

1. Uturemangingo: Izi ni "insinga z'amashanyarazi" mu bwonko. Amakuru ava ahantu hamwe ajya ahandi binyuze muri izi turemangingo. Aya makuru yoherezwa nk'ibimenyetso bito by'amashanyarazi. Iki kimenyetso gihita kiva kuri turemangingo imwe kijya ahandi binyuze mu kintu cya chimique. Muri ubu buryo, amakuru agenda vuba cyane mu bwonko.

2. Uturemangingo twa Glial: Izi ni "itsinda rishinzwe kubungabunga." Ntizitwara amakuru. Ariko ni uturemangingo twa Glial dufasha mu kugumana insinga z'amashanyarazi zitwa neuron mu buryo bwiza, zigatanga intungamubiri zikeneye, zigakuramo imyanda, kandi zikazirinda.

Aba bombi bakorana kugira ngo uru rugingo rutangaje rukore neza.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora kugira ingaruka ku gasabo k'imbere?

Ikintu cyose gishobora kwangiza ingirabuzima fatizo z'ubwonko gishobora no kugira ingaruka ku gice cy'imbere cy'ubwonko, kuko nacyo ari igice cy'ubwonko. Nanone, hari indwara nyinshi zigira ingaruka ku gice cy'imbere cy'ubwonko.

Dore ingero zimwe na zimwe:

• Indwara ya Alzheimer
• Ingorane zo kuvuga, cyane cyane Broca's aphasia (Expressive aphasia / Broca's aphasia)
• Ibibazo byo kwita ku bintu (Indwara yo kudakora cyane mu mutwe - ADHD)
• Indwara ya Autism spectrum
• Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko na kanseri
• Ibikomere byo mu bwonko / Gukomereka mu bwonko
• Guhumeka imyuka y'uburozi nka monoxide ya karubone
• Indwara yo kwibagirwa imbere n'imbere
• Igitero cy'indwara ya stroke n'indwara y'imisemburo y'igihe gito (TIA)
• Indwara y'igicuri, cyane cyane indwara zo mu mutwe w'imbere
• Indwara zo mu bwonko, urugero nk'indwara ya encephalite
• Indwara zo mu mutwe - nko kwiheba, guhangayika, ibibazo by'imibanire.
• Kurya uburozi - ibyuma biremereye nka lisansi na mercure

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe by'ikibazo cy'indwara yo mu nda y'imbere?

Ibimenyetso byabyo bishobora gutandukana cyane. Hari impamvu ebyiri zibitera:

1. Umubare w'imikorere igenzurwa n'agace k'imbere ni munini cyane.

2. Umubare w'indwara zishobora kuyitera nawo ni munini cyane.

Ariko, hari ibimenyetso bike bikunze kugaragara:

• Impinduka zitunguranye mu miterere: Ikintu nk'umuntu wahoze atuje cyane ahita arakara cyane, cyangwa umuntu wahoze akunda gusabana n'abandi ahita yigunga.
• Gutekereza no gutegura ibintu bigoranye: Kudashobora gutegura akazi, kugorwa no gukomeza kwibanda ku byo umuntu ashaka.
• Kugorwa no kugenzura ibyifuzo: Kuvuga no gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose kikuje mu mutwe. Gukora ibintu bitemerwa n'abandi.
• Ingorane zo kuvuga: Kugorwa no kwandika amagambo.
• Ibibazo byo kugenda, nko kugenda n'amaguru.
• Kwibagirwa ibintu bimwe na bimwe (Amnesia).

Ni gute wasuzuma ubuzima bw'agace k'imbere k'umubiri?

Abaganga bafite ibizamini byinshi byo gusuzuma ibibazo biri muri uru rwego. Ikizamini kigenwa n'ibimenyetso.

Ni gute twarinda uyu mwami w'ubwonko?

Hari ibintu byinshi dushobora gukora kugira ngo uduce tw’imbere, nk’ubwonko bwacu bwose, tugire ubuzima bwiza. Dushobora kwirinda indwara zimwe na zimwe. Nubwo zimwe zidashobora kwirindwa, dushobora kugabanya ibyago byo kuzirwara.

1. Kurya indyo yuzuye: Ibyo urya bigira ingaruka ku buzima bw'imitsi yawe y'amaraso. Amaraso meza agera mu bwonko bivuze ko ubwonko bugira ubuzima bwiza. Kubwibyo, gabanya ingano y'ibiryo birimo amavuta menshi, isukari n'umunyu uko bishoboka kose. Shyiramo imbuto, imboga n'ibimera mu ndyo yawe.

2. Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Ndetse n'ikintu cyoroshye nko kugenda buri munsi gishobora gufasha kunoza urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso mu bwonko. Imyitozo ngororamubiri kandi ifasha ubwonko gukora imiti (neurotransmitters) ifitiye ubwonko akamaro.

3. Ambara ibikoresho byo kwirinda (ibi ni ingenzi cyane!): Kubera ko agace k'imbere k'umutwe gaherereye imbere, gashobora kwangirika mu mpanuka. Niba utwaye igare cyangwa moto, kwambara ingofero ni ngombwa. Ntabwo bizakiza ubuzima bwawe gusa, ahubwo bizanakiza n'imico yawe, kwibuka kwawe, n'ibindi byose. Niba utwaye imodoka, ntukibagirwe kwambara umukandara w'intebe .

4. Kurwanya indwara zidakira: Niba ufite indwara nka Diyabete Mellitus n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, zigenzure neza ukurikije inama za muganga. Kuko iyo izi ndwara zidakemuwe, zishobora no kwangiza ubuzima bw'ubwonko.

Inkuru itangaje: Phineas Gage, warokotse inkoni y'icyuma mu mutwe we

Hari ibyabaye mu mateka byatwigishije byinshi ku mikorere y'agace k'imbere k'umubiri. Ibi byabaye ku mugabo witwa Phineas Gage.

Mu 1848, Gage yari umuforomari wakoraga kuri gari ya moshi muri Amerika. Yari umuntu w’umunyabupfura cyane, ukora cyane kandi wubahwa. Umunsi umwe, ifu y’imbunda yakoreshejwe mu kubaka umuhanda yaturitse ku buryo butunguranye. Muri iki gisasu, inkoni nini y’icyuma ifite uburebure bwa metero 1.5 yari aho yageze ku muvuduko mwinshi yinjira mu itama ry’ibumoso rya Gage, inyura inyuma y’ijisho rye, yinjira mu gasongero k’imbere k’umutwe we, maze isohoka hejuru.

Igitangaje ni uko Gage atapfuye. Yari afite ubwenge. Ariko ... nyuma y'impanuka, yabaye umuntu utandukanye rwose. Aho kugira ngo abe Gage w'umunyacyubahiro yari asanzwe ari we, noneho yari umuntu w'umurakare cyane, utiyubaha kandi uhora avuga amagambo mabi. Inshuti ze zaravuze ziti: "Uyu si Gage."

Iki kibazo cyahaye abaganga ikimenyetso cya mbere cyumvikana cy'uko imico y'umuntu, imiterere ye, n'imyitwarire ye mu mibanire ye bifitanye isano itaziguye n'agace k'imbere k'ubwonko . Inkuru ya Gage iracyari urugero rw'ingenzi rw'agace k'imbere mu burezi bw'ubuvuzi muri iki gihe.