Ese akenshi ugomba kwibaza uti "Wavuze iki?" kenshi, utabasha kumva icyo abandi bantu bavuga neza? Ese baragutuka ngo "wagabanyije ijwi gato" iyo ureba televiziyo n'umuryango wawe? Ibi bishobora kuba biterwa nuko wongereye ijwi rya televiziyo cyane. Ibi ni byo bimenyetso bya mbere bigaragaza ko kumva kwawe gutangiye kwangirika. Ibi si ikintu cyo kugira isoni cyangwa ubwoba. Abantu benshi barwara iyi ndwara bitewe n'imyaka cyangwa izindi mpamvu. Ikintu cyiza ni uko ubu hari ibisubizo byiza cyane kuri ibi. Igisubizo nyamukuru muri byo ni ugukoresha icyuma gifasha kumva, ari cyo twese tuzi nk 'icyuma gifasha kumva'.
Nahitamo nte icyuma gifasha kumva kinyakwiriye?
Reka tuvuge ko urimo gutekereza kugura icyuma gifasha kumva. Iyo ugiye mu iduka, ubona ubwoko bwinshi butandukanye bw'ibikoresho byo kumva. Hanyuma ukibaza uti "Yewe, ni ikihe muri ibi gikwiriye kuri njye?" Icyo ni ikibazo gikwiye. Hari ibintu bike ugomba kuzirikana mugihe uhitamo ikikubereye. Ibi ni ibintu ugomba kuganiraho na muganga wawe cyangwa umuganga w'amatwi.
- Urugero rw'uburemere bw'amatwi yawe: Ese uburemere bw'amatwi yawe ni bwo bworoshye, buri hagati, bukomeye, cyangwa bukomeye? Uru rwego nirwo rugena imbaraga z'icyuma gifasha kumva ukeneye.
- Ingano n'imiterere y'amatwi yawe: Ntabwo amatwi ya buri wese ari amwe. Bityo rero, ugomba guhitamo rimwe rijyanye neza n'imiterere y'amatwi yawe kandi rikoroheye kwambara.
- Imikorere y'amaboko n'intoki zawe: Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Bimwe mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi bwo kumva ni bito cyane. Ugomba kuba uzi gukoresha intoki zawe mu kuzishyira mu gutwi kwawe, kuzihindura bateri, no kuzisukura. Ku muntu ugeze mu za bukuru, cyangwa umuntu ufite amaboko anyeganyega cyangwa ibibazo by'ingingo, gukoresha igikoresho nk'icyo bishobora kugorana gato.
- Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho: Ibyuma byinshi bifasha kumva bigezweho cyane muri iyi minsi. Bimwe bishobora kongera gusharijwa , bivuze ko ushobora kubishyuza nk'uko terefone yawe imeze. Ibindi bishobora guhuza na terefone yawe ukoresheje ikoranabuhanga rya Bluetooth®. Hanyuma ushobora gusubiza telefoni no kumva umuziki uturutse kuri terefone.
- Ibyo ukunda n'imibereho yawe: Amaherezo, ibyo ukunda ni ingenzi. Ese wifuza ikintu gito abandi batazabona? Cyangwa ushaka ikintu kinini ariko cyoroshye gukoresha? Niba ukorera hanze kandi ubyibuha cyane, ni byiza guhitamo ikintu kidapfa amazi.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bwo kumva?
Mu magambo make, ibikoresho byo kumva bishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bugera kuri 5 bw'ingenzi. Buri bwoko bufite ibyiza n'ibibi byabwo. Reka turebere hamwe buri bwoko muri ubu bwoko muri iyi mbonerahamwe.
| Ubwoko bw'ubufasha bwo kumva | Ibisobanuro | Ni nde ukwiriye? |
|---|---|---|
| Ubwoko bw'inyuma y'ugutwi (BTE) | Ubu ni ubwoko gakondo abantu benshi babonye. Igice kinini cy'imashini kiba inyuma y'ugutwi. Kuva aho, umuyoboro muto cyangwa insinga bijyana ijwi mu gutwi. | Ikwiriye urwego rwose rw'ububabare bwo kutumva, kuva ku bworoheje kugeza ku bunini. Ibi birakwiriye cyane cyane abana bato n'abafite ubushobozi buke bwo kutumva. |
| Ubwoko bw'imbere mu gutwi (ITE) | Iki gikoresho cyagenewe kwinjira neza hejuru y'igice cy'inyuma cy'ugutwi (agatsiko k'ugutwi). Kiza mu bunini bubiri: 'ifu yuzuye' na 'ifu y'igice cy'ugutwi'. | Ni nziza ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyo kutumva kiri hagati y’igihe n’icya kabiri. Biroroshye kuyikoresha ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyo gufata utuntu duto cyangwa bafite imikorere mike y’intoki. |
| Agakoresho ko kwakira amakuru mu gutwi (RITE) | Ibi bisa na BTE, ariko bifite itandukaniro rito. Imashini iba inyuma y'ugutwi, mu gihe igice gito cyitwa receiver gitanga ijwi kigenda ku mugozi muto kandi kikaguma mu muyoboro w'ugutwi. | Bikwiriye ku bantu batakaza amatwi cyane kugeza ku bantu bakomeye. Abantu benshi bavuga ko ibi bitanga uburyo bwo kumva busanzwe kuko bidapfuka ugutwi kose. |
| Ubwoko bw'aho hantu hanyura (ITC) | Ubwo bwoko ni buto ugereranyije na ITE. Bunaba mu gice cy'ugutwi, bityo ntibugaragara cyane. Hariho kandi ubwoko buto cyane bwitwa Completely-in-the-canal (CIC). | Ibi ni byiza ku bashaka igikoresho kitazagaragara inyuma. Ariko kubera ko ari gito cyane, bateri nayo ni nto. Bityo bateri ishobora kurangira vuba. Bishobora kandi kugorana kuyikoresha. |
| Ubwoko bwa CROS/BiCROS | Ibi ni ibintu bidasanzwe. Tekereza ko wumva neza mu gutwi kumwe, undi ntukumva. Hanyuma, niba umuntu akuvugisha mu gutwi kutwumva, ntuzamumva. Icyo iyi mashini ikora ni uko ushyira mikoro mu gutwi kutwumva hanyuma wohereza ijwi riva aho rijya mu gutwi kutwumva neza. | Ibi ni byiza ku bantu bafite ubumuga bwo kutumva mu gutwi kumwe cyangwa badafite ubwonko, ariko bafite ubumuga bwo kutumva busanzwe cyangwa ubw’ubwonko mu gutwi kumwe. |
Wibuke ko kubura amatwi nta soni bifite. Muri iki gihe hari uburyo bwinshi bwiza kandi bugezweho bwo kubikemura. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukubonana na muganga mu gihe gikwiye no kugirwa inama.
Ese hari ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi bwo kumva (bitangwa mu iduka rya muganga) bihari muri Sri Lanka?
Mu bihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kutumva cyoroheje kugeza ku gipimo cyoroheje ubu bemerewe n'amategeko kugura icyuma gifasha kumva muri farumasi nta muganga wanditse. Ibi byitwa ``Over-the-counter (OTC)```.
Ariko, ibi ni ingenzi cyane - ibi ni byiza gusa ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyo kutumva gito . Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva guke cyane, cyangwa niba ufite ibindi bimenyetso nko kubabara mu matwi, isereri, nibindi, ugomba kujya kwa muganga no gusuzumwa amatwi yawe. Muri Sri Lanka, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe mbere yo kugura icyuma gifasha kumva, gupimwa amatwi, no gukurikiza inama baguha.
Ese ukeneye gutekereza kuri batiri? Irashobora kongera gusharijwa? Ishobora gushyirwa mu kato?
Yego rwose. Kera, inyinshi mu mfashanyigisho zo kumva zazaga zifite bateri ntoya zisa n'utubuto, zikoreshwa mu kuzikuraho iyo warangizaga kuzikoresha. Ariko ubu, inyinshi mu mfashanyigisho nshya kandi zigezweho zo kumva ziza zifite bateri zishobora kongera gukoreshwa .
Ibi biroroshye cyane. Nk'uko usiga telefoni yawe ifunguye kugira ngo isharishwe nijoro, iyo uryamye, icyuma gifasha kumva kiba gihujwe na charger (aho bafatira ibikoresho) kandi kikaba cyuzuye mu gitondo. Ntugomba guhangayikishwa no guhora uzana bateri ntoya mu iduka no kuzihindura. Ibi rero ni ibintu byiza ku bantu benshi, cyane cyane abageze mu zabukuru.
Ni iyihe mashini ifasha kumva neza kurusha izindi zose ku ndwara yanjye?
Imfashamatwi si igikoresho cyongerera amajwi gusa. Gishobora "gutegurwa" kugira ngo gihuze n'impamvu n'ubwoko bw'ikibazo cyo kutumva kwawe. Muganga wawe azaguhitiramo ikikubereye.
- Ese uhora wumva ijwi ry'urusaku mu matwi yawe? (Tinnitus): Hari abantu bumva ijwi ry'urusaku mu matwi yabo. Ibi byitwa "Tinnitus". Hari uburyo bwo gufasha abantu kumva bugezweho bufite ikoranabuhanga ryihariye ryitwa "mashing feature" rishobora gukumira iri jwi.
- Ese ufite indwara nk'iya Meniere?: Iyi ni indwara itera isereri no kubura amatwi bitewe n'umuvuduko mu gutwi imbere. Abantu bafite iyi ndwara rimwe na rimwe bagira ikibazo cyo kutumva. Bityo, bakeneye icyuma gifasha kumva gishobora kumenyera impinduka nk'izo.
- Ntushobora kumva amajwi amwe n'amwe? (Kubura amatwi ku nshuro yo hejuru/yo hasi): Hari abantu badashobora kumva amajwi yo hejuru (urugero, indirimbo z'inyoni, amajwi y'abana bato). Abandi ntibashobora kumva amajwi yo hasi, nka bass. Iyo ikizamini cyawe cyo kumva kibimenye, ushobora gushyiraho uburyo bwo gufasha kumva kugira ngo wongere gusa amajwi udashobora kumva.
- Ese biterwa n'ubumuga bw'imitsi? (Kubura amatwi mu buryo bw'imyakura): Abantu benshi bafite ubwo bwoko bw'ubu burwayi bwo kutumva. Buterwa no kwangirika kw'uturemangingo tw'ibyumviro mu gutwi imbere. Utwuma tw'ibyumviro dushobora guhindurwa kugira ngo bihuze n'ibi.
Nkwiye gukora iki niba ntabonye ubutabazi bw'ibyuma bifasha mu kumva?
Hari abantu bafite ikibazo gikomeye cyo kutumva bashobora kutabona ibisubizo byifuzwa n'ibikoresho by'ubutabazi bwo kumva. Muri ibyo bihe, ntugahangayike. Ubu hari n'uburyo bugezweho bwo kuvura kuri ibyo.
Urugero, hari ibikoresho byo mu mutwe (cochlear implants) n'ibikoresho byo mu matwi bifite aho bihurira n'amagufwa . Ibi biragoye kurusha ibikoresho bisanzwe byo mu matwi kandi bibagwa. Niba udahabwa inyungu zihagije n'ibikoresho byo mu matwi, umuhanga mu by'ubuvuzi bw'amatwi ashobora kugusobanurira aya mahitamo yandi.
Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?
Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva kandi bikaba bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, ku kazi, cyangwa mu mibanire yawe n'umuryango, hita ubonana na muganga vuba vuba.
- Niba wumva ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva neza.
- Niba usanzwe ukoresha icyuma gifasha kumva, gana umuganga w’amatwi nibura kabiri mu mwaka kugira ngo agusuzume kandi aguhindure ibikenewe byose.
- Niba uhuye n'izindi mpinduka mu kumva kwawe cyangwa ibimenyetso bishya (nk'ububabare bwo mu matwi cyangwa isereri).
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kubura amatwi ni indwara ikunze kugaragara ku bantu benshi. Ntugatinye cyangwa ngo ugire agahinda.
- Guhitamo icyuma gifasha kumva gikwiye bishobora kuzamura cyane ireme ry'ubuzima bwawe.
- Mu guhitamo igikoresho gifasha kumva, ugomba kuzirikana ibintu byinshi, nko urwego rw'uburemere bw'amatwi yawe, imiterere y'ugutwi kwawe, imikorere y'amaboko yawe, n'imibereho yawe.
- Mbere yo kugura icyuma gifasha kumva, banza urebe inzobere mu matwi, amazuru n'umuhogo (ENT) kugira ngo agusuzume kandi akugire inama.
- Utwuma two mu mutwe tugezweho tworoshye cyane gukoresha kuko dufite ibikoresho nka bateri zishobora gusharijwa na Bluetooth.
- Niba hari ikibazo, ni byiza gushaka inama kwa muganga vuba, nta guhisha.
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