Muri make, byose ku bijyanye na insuline: Imisemburo ikomeye igenzura urugero rw'isukari mu mubiri wawe

Niba urwaye diyabete, ijambo 'insuline' rishobora kuba rizwi cyane kuri wewe. Ushobora no kuba ukoresha inshinge za insuline buri munsi. Ariko se insuline ni iki mu by'ukuri? Ikora iki mu mibiri yacu? Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye kandi busobanutse. Uzabona ibisubizo by'ibibazo byawe byose muri iyi nkuru.

Insulin ni iki kandi ikora ite?

Muri make, insuline ni imisemburo umubiri wacu ukora. Ikorwa n'urugingo rwitwa pancreas, ruri mu nda yacu, inyuma y'igifu. Rero akazi kayo nyamukuru ni ugufasha guhindura ibiryo turya mo ingufu, ndetse no kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yacu.

Tekereza uriye ikintu kirimo karubohidrati, nk'agace k'umuceri cyangwa agace k'umugati. Izi karubohidrati zigogorwa mu mara yacu zigahinduka isukari yoroshye yitwa 'glucose'. Iyi glucose yinjira mu maraso yacu. Hanyuma isukari yo mu maraso yacu irazamuka.

Iki ni cyo gihe insuline yacu 'y'intwari' isohoka. Iyo igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso kigaragaye ko kirimo kwiyongera, pancreas irekura imisemburo ya insuline mu maraso. Ni nk'aho AC iri mu nzu yacu. Iyo ubushyuhe bwo mu cyumba bwiyongereye, AC irafungura ikanakonjesha icyumba, kandi iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse, irazimya.

Bityo iyi insuline irekurwa ifata isukari iri mu maraso ikayigeza ku turemangingo tw’umubiri wacu. Uturemangingo dukoresha iyo glucose kugira ngo tubone ingufu dukeneye umunsi wose. Insulini itubwira kandi kubika isukari y’inyongera mu mwijima no mu mitsi yacu kugira ngo izakoreshwe nyuma. Iyo isukari yinjiye muri utwo turemangingo muri ubwo buryo, urugero rw’isukari mu maraso rugabanuka.

Ariko kuri bamwe, pancreas ntishobora gukora insuline ihagije, cyangwa umubiri ntushobora gukoresha insuline ikora neza. Ibi kandi byitwa 'insuline resistance'. Muri iki gihe, isukari irakomeza kwiyongera mu maraso kandi isukari ihora iri hejuru. Ibi tubyita hyperglycemia . Kugira isukari nyinshi mu maraso igihe kirekire ni byo bitera diyabete.

Insulini na Glucagon: Inshuti ebyiri zigenzura isukari

Glucagon , indi misemburo y'ingenzi ikorwa na pancreas yacu, hamwe na insuline, ikora mu buryo butandukanye, ariko kugira ngo isukari mu mubiri ikomeze kungana.

• Insulini: Igabanya urugero rw'isukari mu maraso.
• Glucagon: Yongera urugero rw'isukari mu maraso.

Tekereza ko utariye ku gihe, cyangwa wakoze siporo nyinshi. Icyo gihe igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso yawe gishobora kugabanuka. Muri iki gihe, pancreas irekura glucagon. Glucagon ibwira umwijima kongeramo isukari yari yabitswe mbere (glycogen) mu maraso. Hanyuma igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso gisubira ku buryo busanzwe.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa insuline butangwa ku ndwara ya diyabete?

Kubera ko umuntu urwaye diyabete adashobora kugenzura insuline ye bwite, agomba guhabwa insuline hanze mu buryo bw'inshinge. Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwa insuline. Bugabanyijemo ibyiciro bitatu by'ingenzi.

1. Itangira: Uburyo urukingo rutangira gukora vuba nyuma yo guhabwa.

2. Impeshyi: Igihe bifata kugira ngo imbaraga z'urukingo zigere ku rwego rwo hejuru.

3. Igihe (igihe imara mu mubiri): Igihe iterwa rimwe gusa rigenzura isukari mu maraso.

Ubwoko bwa insuline muganga agundikiye bushobora gutandukana bitewe n'ibi bintu.

Ni gute wahitamo insuline ikubereye?

Iki si ikintu ushobora kwihitiramo wenyine. Muganga wawe azagena ubwoko, urugero, n'igihe insuline ikubereye bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe. Hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kuri ibi:

• Ubwoko n'ingano y'ibiribwa urya
• imyaka yawe
• Urugendo rw'imyitozo ngororamubiri yawe (ese ukora siporo cyangwa ntuyikore)
• Uburyo bwo kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe
• Igihe gifata kugira ngo insuline inyurwe n'umubiri

Uburyo bwo kubona insuline:

• Inshinge: Uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane. Igipimo cya insuline cyagenwe gikurwa mu kantu kabigenewe kikajya mu nshinge hanyuma kigaterwa munsi y'uruhu.
• Amakaramu: Ayo ni igikoresho gisa n'ikaramu kirimo karito yuzuye insuline. Ushobora gushyiraho ingano ikwiye ukoresheje agakoresho hanyuma ukayitera ukoresheje buto.
• Pompe ya Insulin: Iki ni agakoresho gato gasohora insuline mu mubiri buhoro buhoro mu gihe cy'amasaha 24. Akenshi ishyirwa munsi y'uruhu rw'inda.

Ese hari ingaruka mbi ziterwa no guterwa insuline?

Yego, ingaruka mbi zikomeye kandi zikunze kugaragara zo gukoresha insuline ni uko urugero rw'isukari mu maraso rugabanuka cyane. Ibi bizwi nka hypoglycemia mu buvuzi. Iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho iyo urugero rw'isukari mu maraso rugabanutseho munsi ya 70 mg/dL.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe bya hypoglycemia:

• Kumva uhangayitse, udatuje
• Kubira ibyuya byinshi
• Gutigita k'umubiri
• Kumva ushonje cyane
• Kuzunguza , amaso y'ubururu
• Urujijo, uburakari

Ni gake cyane, ingaruka z'ubwivumbure nko gutukura, kuribwa no kubyimba zishobora kubaho aho inshinge zatewe. Ibi nibibaho, vugana na muganga wawe.

Ni hehe neza utera insuline?

Inshinge za insuline zigomba gutangwa mu gipimo cy'ibinure biri munsi y'uruhu. Aha niho zinjira mu maraso kandi zigakora neza. Ahantu heza ho kubikoresha ni:

• Inda: Ahantu hose ku nda, hagasigara umwanya wa santimetero 2.5 ukikije umukondo.
• Inyuma y'ukuboko: Inyuma y'ukuboko ko hejuru.
• Ikibero: Imbere cyangwa impande z'ikibero.
• Igice cyo hejuru cy'agace k'amatako.

Igikuru ni uko, ntugatere inshinge ahantu hamwe buri munsi. Niba uteye inshinge mu kuboko kw'iburyo uyu munsi, ejo uzatere inshinge mu kuboko kw'ibumoso. Niba uteye inshinge mu ruhande rw'iburyo rw'igifu uyu munsi, uzatere inshinge mu ruhande rw'ibumoso ejo. Ubu buryo bwo kuzenguruka aho hantu ni ngombwa. Bitabaye ibyo, niba ukomeje gutera inshinge ahantu hamwe, utubyimba duto (lipohypertrophy) dushobora kuvuka munsi y'uruhu muri aho hantu. Kubera ibyo bibyimba, umubiri ushobora kutabasha kwinjiza insuline neza nyuma.