Ese ufite iki kibazo cy'ibihaha byawe? Reka twige ku ndwara y'ibihaha yo mu bwoko bwa Interstitial (ILD)!

Ese rimwe na rimwe wumva ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka nabi? Cyangwa uhora urwara inkorora yumye? Cyangwa wumva unaniwe iyo wihatiye? Ibi bishobora kuba atari umunaniro gusa. Bishobora no kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi yitwa "Interstitial Bug Disease" (ILD). Ntugahangayike, tuzabivugaho mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Indwara y'ibihaha yo mu bwoko bwa Interstitial ni iki?

Mu magambo make, indwara y’ibihaha (ILD) si indwara imwe. Ni itsinda ry’indwara. Mu by’ukuri, hari ubwoko burenga 200. Izi ndwara zitera ingingo zoroshye ziri mu bihaha byawe ( interstitium ) kubyimba, gukomereka, no gukomereka. Noneho ushobora kuba wibaza uti: "Iyi interstitium ni iki?" Tekereza nk'aho ibihaha byacu bigizwe n'udupira duto (twitwa alveoli ). Interstitium ni uturemangingo tworoshye turi hagati y'utwo dufuka tw’umwuka n'imitsi y'amaraso iyikikije. Iyo duhumeka, ogisijeni ijyanwa mu maraso inyuze muri utwo dufuka tw’umwuka. Rero, muri ILD, utwo dusimba tw’ingenzi turangirika, bityo ogisijeni ntigera mu mubiri neza.

`ILD` yitwa kandi `Indwara y'ibihaha ikwirakwira mu maraso (DPLD).` Ariko, `ILD` ni ryo zina rikunze gukoreshwa cyane.

Ni iki kiba ku mubiri iyo 'ILD' itangiye kugaragara?

Iyo ufite indwara ya ILD, ibice by'ibihaha byawe bikusanya umwuka wa ogisijeni mu maraso yawe bikayohereza mu bindi bice by'umubiri wawe birangirika. Iyi ngingo iba inkovu (izwi kandi nka fibrosis ), bigatuma bigorana guhumeka. Ushobora kandi kugira inkorora idashira kandi yumye. Ushobora kumva unaniwe igihe cyose kubera ko umubiri wawe utari kubona umwuka wa ogisijeni uhagije.

Iyo ibi byangiritse bikomeje kwiyongera, bishobora gutera ingorane rimwe na rimwe zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Urugero, kwandura ibihaha no kunanirwa guhumeka (aho umubiri utabona ogisijeni ihagije cyangwa ukabona dioxyde de carbone nyinshi).

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa 'ILD' buriho?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, hari ubwoko burenga 200 bwa 'ILD'. Imwe mu ndwara zikunze kugaragara cyane ni 'Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis '. Byongeye kandi, 'ILD' ishobora guterwa n'ibintu biri aho dukorera (aho duhurira n'ibintu mu kazi) cyangwa indwara z'imitsi. Izindi ngero ni izi:

• Asbestose
• Silikose
• Igihaha cy'imirasire
• Umusonga w'indwara ya pneumonia idasanzwe

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya `Indwara y'ibihaha yo mu bwoko bwa Interstitial` (ILD) na `Pulmonary Fibrosis`?

Iki ni ikintu gitera urujijo abantu benshi. Pulmonary fibrosisIndwara ya pulmonary fibrosis (Pulmonary Fibrosis) ni ubwoko bwa ILD. Ni ukuvuga ko ILD zose atari fibrosis y'ibihaha. Indwara ya pulmonary fibrosis ni ukurema inkovu mu bihaha. Nubwo iyi nkovu ari ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cya zimwe muri ILD, ububyimbirwe bushobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'izindi ILD.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara indwara ya `ILD`?

Ushobora kuba ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara indwara ya ILD niba:

• Niba ufite imyaka irenga 70.
• Niba uri umugabo. (Abagore nabo bashobora kurwara, ariko bikunze kugaragara ku bagabo)
• Niba waranywaga itabi cyangwa warigeze kurinywa mbere.
• Niba wigeze kugira indwara zimwe na zimwe mbere, urugero: Hepatite C, Igituntu, Umusonga, COPD, cyangwa Indwara y'udukoko duto.
• Niba uhumeka ibintu byangiza ibihaha byawe bitewe n'akazi kawe cyangwa aho utuye . Urugero: asbestos, silica, ibumba, fungi, cyangwa bagiteri.
• Niba waravuwe mu gituza hakoreshejwe imirasire .

`ILD` ifite uburemere bungana iki?

Kubera ko hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa 'ILD', ubukana bwa 'ILD' buri muntu agira bushobora gutandukana. Bumwe bushobora kuba bworoshye, ariko ubundi bushobora kuba bukomeye cyane. Icy'ingenzi ni uko kwangirika kw'ibihaha guterwa n'ubwoko bwinshi bwa 'ILD' ari 'ukudasubira inyuma'. Ibi bivuze ko bigoye gusana ingingo zangiritse. Ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bukomeye bwa 'ILD' burushaho kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita ('progressive').

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya `ILD`?

Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara bya ILD ni ibi bikurikira:

• Kugorwa no guhumeka (dyspnea): Ibi bishobora kwiyongera, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa imyitozo ikomeye.
• Inkorora yumye (inkorora idafite ibisebe).
• Kumva unaniwe cyane (umunaniro).
• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa kubabara.

Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba bitarakomeye mu ntangiriro, ariko bishobora kwiyongera buhoro buhoro mu mezi cyangwa imyaka. Ibindi bimenyetso bishobora no kugaragara, bitewe n'impamvu nyamukuru ya ILD.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera `ILD`?

Impamvu za ILD zishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri by'ingenzi: impamvu zagaragajwe n'impamvu zitagaragajwe .

Impamvu zizwi

Ibi bivuze ko indwara ya ILD iterwa n'indi ndwara usanzwe ufite, cyangwa bitewe n'imiti imwe n'imwe ufata, imiti ivura imirasire, cyangwa guhura n'ibintu byangiza ibidukikije.

Zimwe mu mpamvu z'ingenzi zagaragajwe:

• Indwara y'udukoko duto: Ingero zirimo indwara nka rubagimpande (Rheumatoid Arthritis) (RA), Lupus, na Scleroderma.
• Indwara ya Granulomatous: Urugero ni sarcoidosis.
• Guhumeka ibintu bimwe na bimwe: ibintu nka asbestos, silica, itabi, na beryllium.
• Allergie yo guhumeka (Hypersensitivity Pneumonite): Iyi ndwara ishobora guterwa no guhumeka ibintu nk'ibihumyo, ibihumyo, bagiteri, ubwoya bw'inyoni, cyangwa utunyangingo duto tw'amase y'inyoni.
• Imiti imwe n'imwe cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura: Urugero, imiti nka amiodarone, nitrofurantoin, methotrexate, n'ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire.

Impamvu zitazwi (`Impamvu zitazwi` cyangwa `Idiopathic`)

Hari igihe abaganga badashobora kubona impamvu nyayo ya ILD. Ibi bivuze ko urwara ILD nta kindi kibazo cy’uburwayi cyangwa ikintu cyose cyangiza. Iyi twita idiopathic interstitial pneumonia . Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa ILD. Ubwoko bukunze kugaragara bwa ILD, aho nta mpamvu ishobora kuboneka, ni idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis .

Ni gute wasuzuma indwara ya ILD? (Isuzuma)

Muganga wawe azakurikiza intambwe zitandukanye kugira ngo apime indwara ya ILD. Ubwa mbere, azagusuzuma, atege amatwi ibihaha byawe kandi arebe amajwi adasanzwe (nk'amajwi asanzwe). Hanyuma azabaza ibibazo nka:

• Amateka yawe yose y'ubuvuzi hamwe n'izindi ndwara zose zisanzweho.
• Ku bijyanye n'imiti ukoresha ubu cyangwa wakoresheje mu bihe byashize .
• Hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite indwara nk'izi cyangwa indwara z'imitsi ihuza ibice by'umubiri?
• Kuba akazi kawe cyangwa ibyo ukunda gukora bigushyira mu bintu bishobora gutera `ILD` .

Ni ibihe bipimo bikoreshwa mu gusuzuma `ILD`?

Iyo umuganga akeka ko afite indwara ya ILD, ashobora gukora ibizamini bikurikira:

• Ibizamini by'imikorere y'ibihaha (PFTs): Ibi bikunze kuba ibizamini byo guhumeka, ariko rimwe na rimwe bishobora no kuba birimo ibizamini by'amaraso cyangwa ibizamini by'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ibi bigenzura uburyo ibihaha byawe bikora neza.
• Ibizamini byo Gupima Ibihe: Hafatwa X-ray yo mu gituza cyangwa CT scan (HRCT) kugira ngo harebwe uko ibihaha byifashe. HRCT ishobora kubona utuntu duto cyane.
• Gupima Amaraso: Ikizamini cy'amaraso cyafashwe mu kuboko kwawe kirasuzumwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari impamvu zizwi (urugero: indwara z'imitsi ihuza) zishobora gutera indwara ya ILD.
• Isuzuma ry'imitsi yo mu bwonko (Bronchoscopy):Ibi bikubiyemo gushyira umuyoboro muto ufite kamera ('bronchoscope') mu bihaha byawe unyuze mu mazuru cyangwa mu kanwa kugira ngo usuzume inzira z'ubuhumekero. Hari igihe urugero rw'uturemangingo ('lavage') rushobora no gukurwa mu bihaha byawe.
• Gupima indwara: Hari ubwo agace gato k'umubiri gafatwa mu bihaha kagasuzumwa hakoreshejwe mikorosikopi. Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya ubwoko nyabwo bwa ILD. Gupima indwara bishobora gukorwa binyuze mu gupima indwara cyangwa kubagwa gato (kubagwa ibihaha).

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura `ILD`?

Ikibabaje ni uko nta muti uhari ushobora gukiza burundu `ILD`.

Ariko ntucike intege. Ubuvuzi bugamije kuvura indwara yateye indwara ya ILD, kugabanya ibimenyetso, no kugabanya ikwirakwira ry’indwara. Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira ubuvuzi bw’umubiri, ogisijeni y’inyongera, cyangwa imiti yo kugabanya kubyimba mu bihaha byawe cyangwa kugabanya inkovu.

Ni iyihe miti n'uburyo bwo kuvura bukoreshwa kuri `ILD`?

• Corticosteroids: Imiti nka prednisone ifasha kugabanya kubyimba mu bihaha.
• Imiti irwanya udukoko two mu bihaha n’uturemangingo: Iyi miti ishobora kugabanya umuvuduko w’inkovu mu bihaha. Urugero: Azathioprine, Cyclophosphamide, Pirfenidone, Nintedanib.
• Imiti y’ibinyabuzima: Imiti nka Rituximab ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zimwe na zimwe ziterwa n’umubiri n’izindi ndwara zitera indwara ya ILD.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura GERD: Niba ufite indwara ya gastroesophageal reflux (GERD), ishobora kongera ILD. Kubwibyo, ushobora guhabwa imiti yo kugenzura aside yo mu gifu.
• Kuvugurura Ibihaha: Iyi ni imyitozo ngororamubiri yihariye n'inyigisho. Imyitozo ngororamubiri yo guhumeka n'imyitozo ngororamubiri bifasha gukomeza ibihaha byawe no koroshya guhumeka.
• Ubuvuzi bwa Ogisijeni: Niba amaraso yawe cyangwa ingingo zawe zitabona ogisijeni ihagije, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira ogisijeni y'inyongera. Iyi ogisijeni itangwa binyuze mu kanula yo mu mazuru cyangwa agapfukamunwa ko mu maso.
• Gutera ibihaha: Ku bantu bafite indwara ikomeye cyane ya ILD, gutera ibihaha bishobora kuba uburyo bwa nyuma.

Ingaruka mbi zo kuvurwa

Uburyo bumwe bwo kuvura indwara ya ILD (cyane cyane imiti ya corticosteroids n'imiti ihumanya umubiri) bushobora gutuma ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bugabanuka. Kubwibyo, muganga wawe azagukurikirana buri gihe kandi arebe niba hari ingorane zishobora kubaho.

Ese indwara ya ILD ishobora kwirindwa?

Biragoye kwirinda ubwoko bwinshi bwa ILD. Ariko, ushobora gukora ibi bikurikira kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara ILD:

• Gucunga indwara zose ufite (urugero: indwara z'imitsi ihuza ingingo).
• Irinde guhumeka ibintu byangiza ibihaha.
• Niba ukorera ahantu hari asbestos, ivumbi ry'icyuma, cyangwa imiti, ambara agakoresho gakwiye ko guhumeka (agapfukamunwa gasukura uduce tw'umwuka mu kirere).
• Allergie y'igihe kirekire ishobora guterwa n'ibintu nk'ibyatsi, ibinyampeke, amabyi y'inyoni cyangwa amababa, hamwe n'uburyo bwo gushyushya no gukonjesha. Ambara agakoresho ko guhumeka mu gihe ukoresha ibi bintu.
• Niba ufite indwara nk'indwara y'imitsi ihuza ibice by'umubiri cyangwa sarcoidosis, ganira na muganga wawe uburyo bwo kwirinda indwara ya ILD.
• Niba unywa itabi, hagarika rwose. Niba utanywa itabi, ntugatangire.

Ejo hazaza hafite iki ku muntu urwaye `ILD`?

Niba ufite ILD, wowe na muganga wawe muzafatanya mu kugena uburyo bwo kwifata, bitewe n'impamvu ya ILD. Urugero, niba ILD yawe iterwa n'akazi kawe cyangwa allergie (hypersensitivity pneumonitis), ushobora gukenera guhagarika gukorana n'ikintu gitera ILD cyangwa gufata ingamba zidasanzwe zo kwirinda.

Nubwo imiti ishobora kugabanya kubyimba, inkovu zibaho mu bihaha ziterwa na ILD ni iz’iteka ryose. Ibi bivuze ko ibyangiritse bidashobora gusubizwa inyuma. Niba ufite ikibazo cyihishe inyuma, kugifata neza bishobora gufasha gukumira ibindi byangirika. Niba ufite ILD idashobora kuboneka impamvu (idiopathic), muganga wawe azavura ibimenyetso byawe kandi agerageze gukumira ibindi byangirika.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa na `ILD`?

Iyo indwara ya ILD ibaye ikomeye, hashobora kubaho ingorane zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, nko:

• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu bihaha
• Ibihaha byaguye (Pneumothorax)
• Indwara z'ibihaha
• Kunanirwa guhumeka
• Kanseri y'ibihaha

Imyaka yo kubaho y'umuntu ufite `ILD` ni iyihe?

Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bibaza. Imyaka yo kubaho k'umuntu urwaye 'ILD' iterwa n'icyateye 'ILD' n'ubukana bwayo. Hari abantu bashobora kubaho ubuzima busanzwe batavuwe cyangwa badafite ubuvuzi buhagije niba 'ILD' yabo idakomeye. Niba indwara yawe itarakomera (ni ukuvuga niba 'ihamye'), icyizere ('prognosis') ni cyiza.

Ariko, ku bafite ubwoko bwa 'ILD' bukomeye cyane kandi burushaho kwiyongera vuba, igihe cyo kubaho nyuma yo kurwara indwara gishobora kuba gito cyane nk'imyaka 3-5. Iyi mibare ntigutere ubwoba. Ibi biratandukanye kuri buri muntu.

Nitwara nte niba mfite `ILD`?

Niba waranduye indwara ya ILD, uburyo bwiza bwo kwiyitaho ni ugukorana na muganga wawe kugira ngo bategure gahunda yo gucunga ibimenyetso byawe no kwirinda ko byangirika kurushaho.

• Kuvura indwara iyo ari yo yose ishobora gutera indwara ya ILD.
• Genzura ibintu bishobora gutuma indwara ya ILD irushaho kuba mbi (urugero: GERD).
• Niba ukoresha ibintu byangiza ibihaha cyangwa bigatera ubwivumbure bw'igihe kirekire, ugomba gufata ingamba zidasanzwe zo kwirinda.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Shaka muganga ako kanya niba ufite ibi bimenyetso:

• Kurushaho kugorana guhumeka buhoro buhoro.
• Kugorwa no guhumeka mu gihe cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Inkorora yumye idakira.

Iyo indwara ya ILD ivuwe vuba, niko umusaruro uba mwiza.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Ntukibagirwe kubaza ibi bibazo igihe ugiye kwa muganga wawe:

• Kuki narwaye iyi ndwara?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura mfite?
• Ese ibi bizarushaho kuba bibi?
• Ese ibyangiritse mu bihaha bishobora kugabanuka?
• Ni izihe mpinduka nshobora gukora kugira ngo nongere ubuzima bwanjye?

Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa ILD. Bumwe ni ubworoheje, ubundi ni bubi cyane. Ushobora kubona imibare iteye ubwoba kuri interineti, ariko muganga wawe ni we wenyine ushobora kukubwira neza uko indwara yawe imeze. Vugana na muganga wawe mu buryo bw'ukuri kandi usobanukirwe neza ibyo witeze. Muri kumwe, wowe na muganga wawe mushobora gutegura gahunda yo gucunga ibimenyetso byawe no kubaho ubuzima bwiza bushoboka.

Reka twibuke ibintu by'ingenzi cyane (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

• `ILD` ni itsinda ry'indwara zangiza ingingo zoroshye z'ibihaha, bigatuma guhumeka bigorana.
• Inkorora yumye, guhumeka bigoranye, n'umunaniro ni byo bimenyetso by'ingenzi.
• Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora kubaho, kandi rimwe na rimwe nta mpamvu ishobora kuboneka.
• Nubwo nta muti wuzuye uhari, hari uburyo bwo kuvura ibimenyetso no gukumira ko indwara irushaho kwiyongera.
• Ni ngombwa kwirinda kunywa itabi, kwirinda guhumeka ibintu byangiza umubiri, no kugenzura indwara ziterwa n’ibyo.
• Niba ufite ibimenyetso, ntugatinye ahubwo ushake inama kwa muganga. Gusuzuma no kuvurwa vuba ni ingenzi cyane.

Twizeye ko aya makuru azaba ingirakamaro. Komeza kugira ubuzima bwiza!

Indwara y'ibihaha hagati y'ibihaha, ILD, indwara y'ibihaha, ibibazo byo guhumeka, inkorora yumye, fibrosis y'ibihaha, inkovu z'ibihaha, ibimenyetso by'ubuhumekero