Ese nawe ufite amabuye mu mpyiko? (Amabuye mu mpyiko) - Reka tubiganireho birambuye!

Ese wigeze ugira ububabare butunguranye mu mugongo cyangwa mu nda yo hasi, hamwe no kugorwa no kunyara? Cyangwa se wagize amaraso mu nkari zawe? Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, ushobora kuba ufite amabuye mu mpyiko. Ntugahangayike, reka tumenye byinshi kuri ibi uyu munsi.

Aya mabuye y'impyiko ni iki?

Mu magambo make, amabuye y'impyiko ni ibintu bikomeye, bisa n'amabuye bikora imbere mu mpyiko zacu. Ayo mabuye akorwa iyo ibintu bimwe na bimwe mu nkari zacu, nk'imyunyungugu na aside, bihuye. Ashobora kuba mato nk'umucanga, cyangwa gake cyane, akaba mato nk'umupira wa golf. Abaganga banayita "impyiko za calculi."

Tekereza, niba ibuye riri mu mpyiko yawe ari rito cyane, ushobora kuba udafite ibimenyetso kandi rishobora gusohoka hamwe n'inkari zawe. Ariko, niba ari rinini gato, rishobora gufatirwa mu muyoboro utwara inkari ziva mu mpyiko zijya mu ruhago, mu muyoboro w'inkari. Ni bwo ibibazo bitangira. Inkari ntizitemba neza zigatangira kwivanga, impyiko ntizishobora gukora akazi kazo ko kuyungurura imyanda neza, kandi rimwe na rimwe hashobora no kuva amaraso.

Ubusanzwe bifata ibyumweru bitatu kugira ngo ibuye nk'iri rinyure mu nkari ubwaryo. Ariko, ndetse n'utubuye duto rimwe na rimwe dushobora gutera ububabare bukabije. Amabuye manini ashobora gukenera kuvunwa na muganga cyangwa kubagwa.

Ni gute amabuye y'impyiko akunze kugaragara?

Iyi ni indwara ikunze kugaragara kurusha uko wabitekereza. Ugereranyije, umuntu umwe muri icumi azarwara amabuye mu mpyiko mu buzima bwe. Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane cyane ku bagabo bari hagati y'imyaka 30 na 40.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'amabuye y'impyiko?

Ikimenyetso gikunze kugaragara ni ububabare bukomeye mu mugongo wo hasi, mu ruhande rw'inda, cyangwa mu kibuno. Ubu bubabare bushobora kuba buhoraho cyangwa bukaza bugashira. Rimwe na rimwe bwitwa "ububabare bwo mu nda" kuko bugaragara mu buryo bw'imiraba.

Uretse ubu bubabare, hashobora kubaho n'ibindi bimenyetso:

• Isesemi no kuruka.
• Amaraso mu nkari (inkari zishobora kuba umutuku, umutuku, cyangwa umukara).
• Kumva ububabare iyo uri kunyara.
• Kunanirwa kunyara cyangwa inkari nke cyane.
• Kumva ugomba kunyara kenshi.
• Umuriro n'ubukonje (iki gishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ubwandu).
• Inkari zifite ibara ryijimye cyangwa zifite impumuro mbi.

Wibuke ko niba ufite utubuye duto cyane, ushobora kutagira ububabare cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso.

Kuki aya mabuye yo mu mpyiko avuka?

Inkari zacu zirimo ibintu bitandukanye nka kalisiyumu, sodiyumu, oxalate, na aside urike. Iyo tunyoye amazi make, cyangwa iyo ibi bintu bibaye byinshi mu nkari zacu, birafatana, bigaterana, bigakora amabuye. Ayo mabuye ntakora mu ijoro rimwe, ahubwo agenda ahinduka buhoro buhoro mu mezi, rimwe na rimwe imyaka.

Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'amabuye y'impyiko?

Yego, aya mabuye ashyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe ibikoresho akozemo. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ingenzi:

• Amabuye ya Calcium-oxalate na calcium phosphate: Aya ni yo moko akunze kugaragara cyane. Aya mabuye ashobora kubaho iyo uriye ibiryo byinshi birimo oxalate nyinshi (nk'epinari n'imbuto zimwe na zimwe), urya indyo irimo calcium nke, kandi ntunywe amazi ahagije.
• Amabuye ya aside urike: Abantu barya poroteyine nyinshi zikomoka ku nyamaswa (nk'inyama z'inka, inkoko, ingurube, amafi n'amagi) bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara ubwo bwoko bw'amabuye.
• Amabuye ya Struvite: Ibi akenshi biterwa n'indwara za bagiteri. Niba ukunze kugira indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari, ushobora kugira imiterere minini cyane ya staghorn. Ayo mabuye agomba gukurwaho mu buryo bwo kubagwa.
• Amabuye ya Cystine: Aya ni make cyane. Aterwa n'indwara ya gene yitwa cystinuria. Cystine ni ubwoko bwa aside amine.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera amabuye mu mpyiko?

Hari abantu bashobora kurwara amabuye y'impyiko cyane. Dore bimwe mu bintu bishobora gutuma ibi bibaho:

• Kutanywa amazi ahagije: Iyi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru.
• Kurya inyama nyinshi, amafi n'ibindi biribwa bikungahaye kuri poroteyine.
• Kurya indyo irimo umunyu mwinshi (sodium) n'isukari (cyane cyane sucrose na fructose).
• Gufata inyongeramusaruro za vitamine C bitari ngombwa.
• Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe warwaye amabuye y'impyiko (imyitwarire y'uruhererekane).
• Kugira ubwoko runaka bw'imbogamizi mu nzira y'inkari.
• Niba warabazwe igifu cyangwa amara (urugero: kubagwa igifu).
• Niba ukomeje gukoresha imiti imwe n'imwe (urugero: imiti igabanya ubushyuhe, imiti igabanya aside ishingiye kuri kalisiyumu, hamwe n'indi miti ivura igicuri).
• Kugira izindi ndwara zimwe na zimwe.

Ibihe byongera ibyago byo kurwara amabuye mu mpyiko

Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zongera ibyago byo kurwara amabuye mu mpyiko. Dore ingero zimwe na zimwe:

• `(Cystic fibrosis)`
• Cystinuria, indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo aho cystine yirundanya mu mubiri
• Diyabete
• Gute
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso
• Ubwiyongere bwa kalisiyumu mu nkari (hypercalciumuria)
• Indwara y'umura ubyimba (IBD)
• Ibisebe by'impyiko
• Umubyibuho ukabije
• Indwara yo gucika kw'amagufwa (osteoporosis)
• Indwara ya parathyroid
• `(Indwara yo mu bwoko bwa hyperoxaluria)` (indwara ituma oxalate ikorwa cyane)
• Indwara nko kuba umuntu afite ubumuga bwo mu nda (Hemiplegia cyangwa paraplegia)

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'amabuye y'impyiko?

Amabuye yo mu mpyiko si ikibazo gusa, rimwe na rimwe ashobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye.

• Udukingirizo tw'inkari turaziba, inkari zigasubira inyuma, impyiko zikabyimba (hydronephrosis).
• Ubwandu bw'impyiko (pyelonephritis).
• Gukomereka cyane mu mpyiko (rimwe na rimwe ibi bishobora gukira).
• Kugaragara kenshi kw'indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari (UTI).
• Ingaruka zo kurwara indwara y'impyiko idakira (CKD).

Wamenya ute ko ufite amabuye mu mpyiko?

Muganga niba akeka ko hari ikibazo gishingiye ku bimenyetso byawe, azagutegeka ko upimwa inshuro nyinshi.

• Isuzuma ry'inkari: Ibi bishobora gusuzuma amaraso mu nkari, utubuye dushobora gukora, n'ibimenyetso by'ubwandu.
• Ibizamini byo gufata amashusho: X-rays, CT scans (computer tomography scans), na ultrasound scans bishobora gufasha kumenya ingano, imiterere, aho amabuye aherereye n'umubare wayo.
• Gupima amaraso: Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya ibintu bishobora gutuma amabuye avuka, nko gukora kw'impyiko, kwandura indwara, n'urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso.

Amabuye yo mu mpyiko avurwa ate?

Niba ufite ibuye rito rishobora kwiyahura ryonyine, muganga wawe azakubwira kwitondera ibimenyetso hanyuma utegereze ko riva. Hagati aho, bashobora kukwandikira imiti igufasha kugabanya ububabare no gufasha ibuye kwiyahura byoroshye.

Ariko, iyo hari amabuye manini, uburyo bwo kuyavura buzaterwa n'ibintu nk'ingano yayo, aho iherereye, niba ari yo atera ubwandu, ndetse n'ubukana bw'ibimenyetso. Iyo ibuye ritavuye ryonyine nyuma y'ibyumweru bike cyangwa niba hari ikiziba, muganga ashobora kukugira inama yo kumenagura ibuye no kurikuraho, cyangwa kurikuraho mu buryo bwo kubaga.

Imiti

Ku muntu ufite utubuye duto twica ubwatwo kandi tudafite ubwandu, muganga ashobora kumuha imiti nk'iyi:

• Imiti iruhura imitsi iri mu muyoboro w'amaraso kandi igafasha ibuye gutambuka byoroshye: urugero, imiti nka tamsulosin (Flomax®) na nifedipine (Adalat® cyangwa Procardia®).
• Umuti wo kurwanya isesemi no kuruka.
• Imiti yo kuvura ububabare: Ndetse n'utubuye duto rimwe na rimwe dushobora gutera ububabare bukomeye. Muganga ashobora kukwandikira imiti igabanya ububabare. Ariko, banza ubaze muganga mbere yo gufata imiti nka ibuprofen.Kubifata iyo ufite ububabare bukomeye buterwa n'amabuye y'impyiko bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara impyiko, cyane cyane niba ufite izindi ndwara.

Uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura amabuye y'impyiko

Niba hari amabuye adashobora kwiyanduza ubwayo cyangwa afunga inzira y'inkari, muganga ashobora kukugira inama yo kuyakuraho cyangwa kuyakuraho. Ibi bizaterwa n'ibintu nk'ingano n'aho ibuye riherereye.

• Shockwave lithotripsy (SWL): Ibi bikubiyemo gukoresha igikoresho cyihariye hanze y'umubiri kugira ngo wohereze imiraba y'ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo uce ibuye. Hanyuma ibice byamenetse byoroshye gusohoka mu nkari.
• Gupima ureteroskopi: Muri ubu buryo, umuganga ashyira igikoresho gito gifite kamera (scope) anyuze mu muyoboro w'inkari , anyuze mu ruhago, mu muyoboro w'inkari, maze agasanga ibuye. Hanyuma, akoresheje ibindi bikoresho bito binyuzwa muri icyo gikoresho, ibuye riramenagurwa cyangwa rikavanwamo ibice.
• Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): Ubu buryo bukoreshwa iyo ubundi buryo budashoboye gukuraho ibuye . Ibi bikubiyemo gukata gato ku ruhu, gushyira umuyoboro mu mpyiko, no gukoresha ikintu nk'imiyoboro ya ultrasound kugira ngo bamene ibuye bakarikuraho.
• Kubaga Laparoscopic: Ibi bikubiyemo gukata uduce duto twinshi mu nda no gushyiramo kamera n'ibikoresho bito kugira ngo bakureho ibuye. Ni gake cyane, kubaga mu buryo bufunguye, bikubiyemo gukata igice kinini, bishobora kuba ngombwa.

Ese amabuye yo mu mpyiko ashira ubwayo?

Yego, hafi 80 ku ijana by'amabuye y'impyiko asohoka ubwayo hamwe n'inkari. Igihe bifata gitandukana bitewe n'ingano n'aho ibuye riherereye. Ibuye rito rirengeje milimetero 4 (mm) rishobora guhita mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri. Ibuye rinini kuruta iryo rishobora gufata ibyumweru bibiri cyangwa bitatu. Iyo ibuye rigeze mu ruhago, rikunze guhita mu minsi mike.

Igikuru ni uko niba utekereza ko ufite amabuye mu mpyiko, ugomba kujya kwa muganga, ukajya kumusuzumisha, no kugenzura niba nta ngorane iyo ari yo yose nko kuziba kw'inzira y'inkari. Niba ibuye ritarashira nyuma y'ibyumweru bine kugeza kuri bitandatu, ugomba kongera kujya kwa muganga.

Ese amabuye yo mu mpyiko ashobora kwirindwa?

Ibyo turya n'ibyo tunywa bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku byago byacu byo kurwara amabuye mu mpyiko. Vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa inzobere mu mirire ku buryo bwo kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara. Bashobora kukugira inama nk'iyi:

• Nywa amazi menshi: nibura litiro 2-3 ku munsi.
• Gabanya poroteyine z'amatungo (inyama, amafi).
• Gabanya ibiryo birimo isukari nyinshi n'umunyu mwinshi.
• Gabanya ibiryo birimo oxalate nyinshi: Niba ukunda kurwara amabuye ya calcium oxalate, ushobora kugirwa inama yo kugabanya kurya ibiryo nka epinari, ubunyobwa, n'ingano.
• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima bikubereye.
• Kurya ibiryo bikungahaye kuri kalisiyumu: Ibi bishobora kumvikana nk'ibitangaje, ariko ibiryo bikungahaye kuri kalisiyumu mu by'ukuri bishobora gufasha mu kwirinda amabuye mu mpyiko. Ariko, inyongeramusaruro za kalisiyumu n'imiti igabanya aside irimo kalisiyumu ntabwo ari ingirakamaro. Mu by'ukuri bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara amabuye.
• Imiti yanditswe na muganga: Niba guhindura imirire yawe bidahagije, muganga ashobora kukwandikira imiti igufasha kwirinda amabuye y'impyiko. Biterwa n'ubwoko bw'amabuye ufite.

Ni iki wakwitega niba ufite amabuye mu mpyiko?

Hafi 90% by'amabuye mato ari munsi ya mm 6 n'amanini ari hejuru ya mm 6 bihita byonyine. Iyo hari ibuye rinini cyangwa ribuza inkari gutembera, rishobora gukenera guhondwa cyangwa gukurwaho. Hari igihe n'amabuye mato atekerezwa ko yishyira ubwayo ashobora gukura buhoro buhoro cyangwa akagenda atera imbogamizi.

Niba wigeze kugira amabuye mu mpyiko, ushobora kongera kuyarwara mu gihe kizaza. Kubwibyo, uzakenera gukomeza guhindura imirire ndetse wenda no gufata imiti.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bwo gukuraho amabuye y'impyiko vuba?

Niba umuganga wawe atekereza ko ibuye rizahita ryonyine, ugomba kunywa amazi menshi kugira ngo ritangire gucika. Fata imiti yawe neza uko wabitegetswe. Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe ku byo ugomba kurya n'ibyo utagomba kurya.

Ese birashoboka kubaho ubuzima busanzwe ufite amabuye mu mpyiko?

Amabuye yo mu mpyiko ntabwo agomba guhagarika imirimo yawe ya buri munsi cyangwa ngo akugabanye ibyishimo byawe mu buzima. Amabuye yo mu mpyiko ntabwo ahoraho, kuko anyura mu nkari kandi hari uburyo bwo kuyavura.

Ese amabuye yo mu mpyiko atera indwara z'impyiko?

Niba ufite amabuye mu mpyiko, uba ufite ibyago byo kurwara andi mabuye ndetse no kurwara indwara zidakira z’impyiko.

Ese amabuye y'impyiko yica?

Oya. Amabuye y'impyiko ntabwo atera urupfu.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'utubuye tw'impyiko, jya kwa muganga vuba. Niba ufite ibuye, kumenya aho riri n'ingano yaryo ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo uvurwe kandi wirinde ingorane.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze?

Niba ububabare budashobora kwihanganira, jya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bwihuse. Bazaguha imiti yo kuvura ububabare n’isesemi/kurumwa byose ufite.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Iyo uhuye na muganga wawe, ushobora kubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ese mfite amabuye mu mpyiko, cyangwa hari indi mpamvu itera ibi bimenyetso?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibuye ry'impyiko mfite?
• Ibuye ry'impyiko yanjye ringana iki?
• Iri he?
• Mfite amabuye angahe?
• Ese nkeneye kuvurwa, cyangwa bizashira ubwabyo?
• Ese nkwiye gupimwa indwara z'impyiko?
• Ni izihe mpinduka ngomba kugira ku mirire yanjye?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bwo kuvura kugira ngo nkureho amabuye?

Hanyuma, ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo:

Hari igihe amabuye yo mu mpyiko ashobora kuba ikibazo kibabaza cyane kandi kibabaza. Ariko, kugira ngo wirinde ko indwara irushaho gukomera, ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga vuba bishoboka no gusaba inama. Ububabare bushobora kuba bukomeye, kandi kubagwa bishobora kuba ngombwa. Ibuka: fata imiti yawe neza uko wanditswe, nywa amazi menshi, kandi ukurikize indyo yawe. Nanone, amabuye yo mu mpyiko ni indwara y'igihe gito. Ntabwo izagutera ikibazo iteka ryose. Gira ubuzima bwiza!

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