Reka twige neza ibijyanye na cholesterol ya LDL, "cholesterol mbi"?

Ubwo uherutse gusuzuma urugero rwa cholesterol yawe mu isuzuma ry'amaraso yawe, ese muganga yavuze ko urugero rwa LDL yawe ruri hejuru gato? Ushobora kuba waragize ubwoba gato ubwo yabivugaga. Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga kuri LDL, izwi kandi nka "cholesterol mbi." Ntutinye, reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye kandi busobanutse.

Reka tubanze turebe, cholesterol ya LDL ni iki?

Reka dutangire mu buryo bworoshye. Amaraso ari mu mubiri wacu si amazi gusa. Arimo ibintu byinshi, nk'uturemangingo, poroteyine, n'ibinure (amavuta). Noneho tekereza kuri ibi, ibinure n'amazi ntibijya bivanga, sibyo? Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ibinure biri mu mubiri wacu, ni ukuvuga cholesterol, ntibishobora kuvanga n'amaraso ngo bigende.

Rero, kugira ngo tujyane iyi cholesterol ahantu hamwe tuyijyana ahandi mu mubiri, dukeneye "serivisi yihariye yo gutwara." Iyo serivisi yo gutwara niyo twita lipoproteins . Izi ni nk'imodoka nto. Izi modoka zigizwe na lipide na poroteyine.

Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa lipoprotein. Bumwe muri bwo ni LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) . Iyi LDL ifite cholesterol nyinshi na poroteyine nke imbere muri yo. Ibyo bivuze ko ari nk'imodoka yuzuye cholesterol. Mu by'ukuri, cholesterol ni ikintu cy'ingenzi ku mubiri wacu. Cholesterol ikenewe mu mirimo myinshi y'ingenzi nko gukora imisemburo no kubaka inkuta z'uturemangingo. Kubwibyo, serivisi itangwa n'iyi modoka yitwa LDL nayo ni nziza cyane.

None se kuki iyi LDL yitwa "cholesterol mbi"?

Dore ikibazo. Iyo ikintu cyose kirenze urugero, ibibazo biravuka. Ikintu kimwe kibaho kuri LDL. Tekereza ko iyo hari umubare runaka w'imodoka ziri mu muhanda, nta kibazo kibaho, buri wese ajya aho agana. Ariko se bigenda bite iyo umubare munini w'imodoka uje mu muhanda mu buryo butunguranye? Ibinyabiziga birakomeza kwiyongera, umuhanda urafungwa, kandi impanuka zishobora kubaho.

Ibyo ni na byo bibaho kuri LDL. Iyo urugero rwa LDL mu maraso yacu rurenze urugero rwasabwaga, utu duce tw’inyongera twa LDL dutangira kwinjirira mu nkuta z’imitsi yacu. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, uru ruhererekane rwa cholesterol rugenda rurushaho kwiyongera. Ni nk’ingese zigaragara mu muyoboro w’amazi. Mu buvuzi, ibi tubyita "atherosclerosis".

Iyo ibinure byibumbiye mu mitsi y'amaraso, amaraso agenda agabanuka buhoro buhoro. Ibi nibyo bitera ibibazo byinshi by'ubuzima biteje akaga.

• Iyo bigize ingaruka ku mitsi y'amaraso y'umutima (Indwara y'imitsi itera indwara ya Coronary): Imitsi ijyana amaraso mu mutima ishobora kuziba, bigatera indwara y'umutima .
• Iyo imiyoboro y'amaraso ijya mu bwonko igize ikibazo (Indwara y'imitsi yo mu bwonko): Amaraso ashobora guhagarara, bigatera indwara yo mu bwonko.
• Iyo imitsi y'amaraso mu maboko no ku maguru igize ikibazo (Indwara y'imitsi itera amaraso mu gice cy'imbere): Amaraso ajya mu maboko no ku maguru aragabanuka, kandi ibimenyetso nk'ububabare iyo umuntu agenda n'amaguru bishobora kugaragara.
• Iyo umuyoboro mukuru w'amaraso ugize ikibazo (Aortic Aneurysm): Umuyoboro munini w'amaraso mu mubiri ushobora gucika intege no gucika.

Niyo mpamvu tuvuga ko ari ingenzi cyane kugira ngo urugero rwa LDL rukomeze ku rugero rwiza.

Igipimo cya cholesterol ya LDL gikwiye kuba kimeze gite?

Raporo y'ibipimo byawe by'amaraso (Lipid Profile Report) izagaragaza urugero rwa LDL yawe muri mililitiro kuri desilita (mg/dL). Muri rusange, ni byiza ko urugero rwa LDL rwawe ruguma munsi ya 100 mg/dL ku muntu mukuru muzima. Ariko, niba warigeze kugira indwara y'umutima cyangwa indwara yo gucika intege mu bwonko, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kuguma munsi ya 70 mg/dL .

Ushobora gusobanukirwa neza izi nzego uhereye ku mbonerahamwe iri hepfo.

Ijambo rirambuye kuri HDL, "cholesterol nziza"

Ushobora kuba warabonye ko raporo yawe irimo agaciro ka HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) ndetse na LDL. Ibi tubyita "cholesterol nziza". Inshingano ya HDL ni ugukura cholesterol mbi cyane (LDL) iba mu mitsi y'amaraso ikayijyana mu mwijima. Ni mu mwijima aho ivanwa mu mubiri. Mu yandi magambo, HDL ni nk'umuti usukura imitsi yacu y'amaraso. Kubwibyo , uko HDL iba nyinshi, ni ko iba nziza (muri rusange, iyo irenze 60 mg/dL, iba nziza cyane).

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera urugero rwa LDL ruri hejuru?

Nta mpamvu n'imwe ibaho ituma LDL nyinshi, ariko hari ibintu byinshi bishobora kuyitera. Nubwo hari ibintu dushobora kugenzura, hari ibintu tudashobora kugenzura.

• Indyo: Iyi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru. Kurya ibiryo birimo ibinure byinshi n'ibinure bya trans byongera urugero rwa LDL. Urugero, inyama zivuwe nka sosiso, bacon, na jambon, ibiryo by'amata birimo ibinure byinshi nka foromaje n'amavuta, ibiryo bitetse nka keke na donuts, n'ibiryo bikaranze cyane nka fries.
• Uburemere bw'umubiri: Iyo ibiro byiyongereye, ni ukuvuga ko iyo hari umubyibuho ukabije, hari amahirwe menshi yo kwiyongera kw'urugero rwa LDL.
• Kunywa itabi: Kunywa itabi, itabi ritagira umwotsi (mawa, betel nut), no kunywa itabi bigabanya urugero rwa cholesterol nziza (HDL) mu mubiri wacu. Iyo HDL igabanutse, imiyoboro y'amaraso ntisukurwa neza. Hanyuma urugero rwa LDL ruriyongera mu buryo bwikora.
• Imiti imwe n'imwe: Imiti imwe n'imwe ufata ku zindi ndwara ishobora kongera urugero rwa LDL mu maraso yawe. Urugero, imiti imwe n'imwe ivura umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso n'imiti ivura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA.
• Izindi ndwara: Niba ufite indwara nka diyabete , indwara idakira y'impyiko , cyangwa ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA , urugero rwa LDL mu maraso yawe rushobora kuba ruri hejuru.
• Imyaka: Uko tugenda dusaza, hari ukwiyongera gusanzwe k'urugero rwa cholesterol mu mubiri.
• Igitsina: Nyuma yo gucura, ni ukuvuga nyuma yo guhagarika imihango ya buri kwezi, abagore bakunze kugira urugero rwa LDL rwinshi.
• Umurage (genes): Niba abagize umuryango wawe wa hafi, nka nyoko, so, cyangwa abavandimwe bawe, bafite cholesterol nyinshi, nawe ushobora kurwara iyo ndwara mu buryo bw'uturemangingo.

None se, wagabanya gute iyi "cholesterol mbi"?

Iki ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cyane. Hari byinshi ushobora gukora. Abantu benshi bashobora kugera ku musaruro munini iyo bahinduye imibereho yabo mu buryo buto.

1. Fata indyo yuzuye umutima: Ni byiza gukurikiza ikintu nk'icyo mu mirire ya Mediterane. Ni ukuvuga,Shyiramo imboga nyinshi, imbuto, ibinyamisogwe, ibinyampeke byuzuye (umuceri w'umukara, ingano, sayiri), imbuto z'ubunyobwa n'amafi mu mirire yawe. Gabanya ibiryo birimo amavuta, bikaranze, biryoshye kandi byihuse uko bishoboka kose.

2. Irinde kunywa itabi burundu: Si itabi, beedis, na cigarette gusa, ahubwo ugomba no kureka kunywa itabi ukoresheje vape.

3. Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Kora nibura iminota 30 y'imyitozo ngororamubiri ku munsi. Ni byiza cyane niba ushobora gukora ikintu nko kugenda n'amaguru, kwiruka, kugendera ku igare, cyangwa koga.

4. Komeza kugira ibiro byiza: Baza muganga wawe ibiro bikwiriye uburebure bwawe. Gerageza gukomeza kugira ibiro.

5. Kugabanya stress: Guhangayika igihe kirekire bishobora kongera LDL no kugabanya HDL. Humura ubwenge bwawe ukora ibintu nka yoga, gutekereza cyane, cyangwa gukora ibintu ukunda.

6. Vugana na muganga wawe ku miti ufata: Vugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo urebe niba hari imiti ufata igira ingaruka ku rugero rwa LDL mu maraso yawe.

Niba izi mpinduka mu mibereho yawe zidatuma urugero rwa LDL yawe rugabanuka, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti. Statines ni yo miti ikunze kwandikirwa mu kugabanya LDL.