Indwara ya Leptomeningeal ni iki? Reka tubiganireho!

Biragoye gusobanura mu magambo ubwoba n'impungenge wumva iyo umenye ko urwaye kanseri. Iyo urimo kurwanya kanseri, twese twumvise ko ishobora gukwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga ku buryo bumwe kanseri ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwonko bwacu, ku ruhu rukikije uruti rw'umugongo, no ku mazi yo mu bwonko. Abaganga bayita Leptomeningeal Disease , rimwe na rimwe yitwa LMD cyangwa LM .

Mu magambo make, indwara ya Leptomeningeal ni iki?

Reka tubisobanure gato. Hari uduce dutatu tworoheje turinda ubwonko bwacu n'umugongo wacu. Ibi tubyita meninges. Uduce tubiri tworoheje turi muri utu duce tw'imitsi twitwa leptomeninges . Kimwe n'ibifuniko by'igitabo, utwo duce turinda ibi bice bibiri by'ingenzi by'imitsi yacu.

Hanyuma, hari amazi yihariye atemba mu bwonko bwacu no hafi y’umugongo wacu. Ibi byitwa amazi yo mu bwonko bw’umugongo (CSF) . Aya mazi agaburira ubwonko n’umugongo, akaburinda, kandi agakuraho imyanda.

Ubu, indwara ya leptomeningeal (LMD) ni igihe kanseri iri ahandi hantu mu mubiri, nka kanseri y'ibere cyangwa kanseri y'ibihaha, ikwirakwira ikagera muri utwo duce twavuze ndetse no mu mazi yo mu bwonko (CSF). Ibyo bivuze ko uturemangingo twa kanseri dutangira kureremba muri ayo mazi, nk'imyanda ireremba mu mazi. Iyi ifatwa nk'ubwoko bukomeye bwa kanseri.

Indwara ya leptomeningeal (LMD) ikunze kugaragara gute?

Indwara ya Leptomeningeal (LMD) mu by’ukuri ntabwo ikunze kugaragara cyane. Ariko, bitewe n’iterambere mu buvuzi rituma abantu babaho igihe kirekire barwaye kanseri, igenda irushaho kugaragara. Ugereranyije, LMD igaragara ku barwayi bagera kuri 5% by’abarwaye kanseri.

Iyi ndwara ya LMD ikunze kugaragara ku bantu bafite ubwoko bukurikira bwa kanseri:

• Kanseri y'ibere: Kanseri y'ibere ni yo kanseri y'ibere ikunze kugaragara cyane ifitanye isano na LMD. Yibasira 3% kugeza kuri 5% by'abagore barwaye kanseri y'ibere. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko abagore barwaye kanseri y'ibere yitwa "Triple negative breast cancer" hamwe n'ubwoko bwa "Lobular breast cancer" bari mu kaga ko kurwara LMD.
• Kanseri y'ibihaha: Kanseri y'ibihaha itari iy'uturemangingo duto (NSCLC) na kanseri y'ibihaha y'uturemangingo duto (SCLC) ishobora gukwirakwira mu turemangingo tw'ubwonko n'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko. Abaganga bagereranya ko hagati ya 4% na 7% by'abantu barwaye NSCLC barwara LMD. Iki gipimo kiriyongera kikagera kuri 11% by'abantu barwaye SCLC.
• Melanoma: Iyi ni kanseri y'uruhu ikomeye. Abantu bagera kuri 5% bafite melanomaLMD ishobora gutera imbere.
• Leukemia itera kanseri y'amaraso (ALL): Iyi ni kanseri y'amaraso. Hagati ya 1% na 10% by'abantu bafite kanseri y'amaraso bashobora kurwara indwara ya LMD.
• Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL): Iyi nayo ni kanseri y'urusobe rw'amaraso. Hagati ya 5% na 10% by'abantu bafite NHL bashobora kurwara NHL.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya metastases zo mu bwonko n'indwara ya leptomeningeal (LMD)?

Ibi byombi bibaho iyo kanseri ikwirakwiriye, ariko hari itandukaniro rito.

Ubwinshi bw'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko ni igihe uturemangingo twa kanseri twinjira mu bwonko tugakora ibibyimba aho hantu.

Ariko, indwara ya leptomeningeal (LMD) ni igihe uturemangingo twa kanseri twinjira mu mazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) no mu turemangingo twa leptomeningeal dukikije ubwonko n'umugongo . Aha, uturemangingo twa kanseri dushobora kuba turi mu mazi cyangwa tugakwirakwira ku buso bw'uturemangingo.

Hari igihe ibi bintu byombi bishobora kubaho hamwe, cyangwa bikabaho ukwabyo.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Hashobora kubaho ibimenyetso byinshi by'indwara ya leptomeningeal (LMD), kuko igira ingaruka ku bwonko no ku ruti rw'umugongo, ari narwo rwego rw'imitsi yose. Ariko, dore bimwe mu bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara:

• Kuribwa umutwe: Iki ni cyo kimenyetso nyamukuru abantu benshi bahura nacyo. Ntabwo ari nk'umutwe usanzwe, ushobora kuba mubi cyane, kandi rimwe na rimwe urushaho kuba mubi mu gitondo.
• Isesemi no kuruka: Isesemi no kuruka bishobora kubaho, cyane cyane mu gitondo.
• Impinduka mu ngendo: Ushobora kumva urimo kubura ubushobozi bwo kwifata no gusitara mu gihe ugenda.
• Gutakaza amatwi: Gutakaza amatwi bishobora kubaho mu buryo butunguranye, kandi ushobora gutangira kumva amajwi atandukanye mu matwi yawe.
• Ibibazo byo kutabona: Kubona ibintu bibiri no kutabona neza bishobora kubaho.
• Gufatwa n'indwara zo mu mutwe : Gutakaza ubwenge no gucika intege bitunguranye bishobora kubaho.
• Guhindagurika mu bitekerezo, mu byiyumvo, cyangwa mu myitwarire: Kugorwa no kwibanda ku bintu, gutakaza kwibuka, kurakara no guhungabana bishobora kubaho.
• Kubabara umugongo n'amaguru: Ububabare bushobora kugaragara mu mugongo no ku maguru.
• Kubura ibinya cyangwa intege nke mu maguru cyangwa mu matako: Amaguru yawe ashobora kumva adafite ibinya kandi nta buzima afite.
• Ibibazo byo kunyara cyangwa kwituma: Bishobora kugorana kugenzura inkari n'amabyi.
• Izindi ngorane nshya z'imitsi: Uretse ibi, ibimenyetso bishya by'imitsi bishobora kugaragara, nko kugorwa no kuvuga no kugira ibinya mu gice cy'isura.

Igikuru ni uko niba urwaye kanseri, banza ubwire muganga wawe vuba niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bishya nk'ibi.

Kuki indwara ya leptomeningeal (LMD) ibaho?

Mu magambo make, LMD ibaho iyo uturemangingo twa kanseri twitandukanyije n’aho kanseri yatangiriye mu mubiri (urugero: mu ibere, mu bihaha), tunyura mu maraso cyangwa mu miyoboro y’amaraso, tukinjira mu mazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) na leptomeninges twavuze mbere. Ibi bigaragaza uburyo kanseri yakwirakwiriye.

Ubusanzwe, amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) akorerwa mu bwonko bwacu, hanyuma akazenguruka ubwonko n'umugongo, hanyuma agasubira kwinjira mu maraso. Ibi bibaho mu buryo bumwe. Ariko, iyo uturemangingo twa kanseri twinjiye muri iyi CSF, dushobora kubangamira urujya n'uruza rw'aya mazi. Hanyuma CSF ishobora kwirundanya, yongera umuvuduko mu bwonko. Niyo mpamvu ibimenyetso byinshi bigaragara. Nanone, iyo uturemangingo twa kanseri twakwirakwiriye mu turemangingo twa leptomeninges, dushobora kwangiza utwo turemangingo n'imitsi ihujwe natwo.

Abaganga babimenya bate?

Niba ukeka ko ufite LMD, abaganga bazakora ibizamini bibiri by'ingenzi:

1. Gupima MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI): Gupima ubwonko bwawe cyangwa uruti rw'umugongo hakoreshejwe MRI bigamije gusuzuma uturemangingo twa kanseri dukwirakwira muri leptomeninges no kureba niba CSF yabuze aho itembera.

2. Gutobora urushinge mu kibuno / Gutobora mu mugongo: Muri iki kizamini , urushinge ruto rushyirwa mu mugongo wo hasi, rwitondera kwangiza uruti rw'umugongo, kugira ngo rukuremo agace gato k'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF). Hanyuma icyo gipimo gipimwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo harebwe niba hari uturemangingo twa kanseri.

Hari igihe, iyo ikwirakwira ry’uturemangingo twa kanseri ritagaragara cyane (microscope), rishobora kutagaragara kuri MRI scan. Muri ibyo bihe, gusuzuma indwara bishobora kugorana gato. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kubwira muganga wawe neza ibimenyetso byawe.

Ese hari umuti wuzuye w'ibi?

Ikibabaje ni uko nta muti uhari wo kuvura indwara ya leptomeningeal (LMD). Kubera ko ari kanseri ikomeye kandi ikwirakwira hose, intego nyamukuru zo kuvura ni ukugenzura ikwirakwira rya kanseri, kugabanya ibimenyetso no kugufasha kubaho neza uko bishoboka kose, no kugumana ubuzima bwiza.

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'ibintu nk'ubwoko bwa kanseri warwaye bwa mbere, aho kanseri yakwirakwiriye, ndetse n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Bumwe mu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane burimo:

• Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire: Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire buhabwa ibice by'ubwonko cyangwa uruti rw'umugongo byagizweho ingaruka. Ibi bishobora kugabanya ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe (urugero: ububabare, intege nke z'imitsi) no kunoza imikorere y'imitsi.
• Ubumenyi bw'imiti ikoresha imiti igabanya ubukana:Imiti itangwa kugira ngo yica uturemangingo twa kanseri. Iyi miti ishobora gufatwa nk'ibinini, igaterwa nk'inshinge mu mitsi, cyangwa rimwe na rimwe igaterwa mu mazi yo mu bwonko (CSF). Ibi byitwa "Intrathecal chemotherapy." Ibi bikorwa binyuze mu muyoboro muto ushyirwa mu bwonko witwa "ventricular access device."

Ese hari uburyo bwo kugabanya iyi ndwara?

Mu by’ukuri, nta buryo bwihariye bwo gukumira ikwirakwira rya LMD, kuko bibaho bitewe n’ikwirakwira rya kanseri isanzwe iri mu mubiri.

Ushobora kumarana igihe kingana iki n'iyi ndwara?

Ndabizi ko iki kibazo kigoye kwibaza. LMD ni icyiciro cya kanseri kiri hejuru. Ibi bivuze ko iyo iki kibazo kibaye, umurwayi aba ari mu cyiciro gikomeye cyane cya kanseri.

Ugereranyije, abarwayi bahabwa ubuvuzi bashobora kubaho amezi atatu kugeza kuri atandatu nyuma yo kubonwa . Ku batahawe ubuvuzi, iki gihe gishobora kuba ukwezi kumwe.

Ariko, ibi bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye. Biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, nko ubwoko bwa kanseri urwaye n'uko umubiri wawe witabira kuvurwa. Muganga wawe ni we muntu mwiza wo kuguha amakuru kuri ibi.

Niyitaho nte? Ese nkwiye gutekereza ku kwita ku barwayi barembye cyane?

Niba ufite LMD, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa neza indwara yawe. LMD ni ikibazo kidakira kandi kidakira cya kanseri. Baza muganga wawe icyo wakwitega ukurikije indwara yawe. Muri ubwo buryo, ushobora kwihanganira ibimenyetso byawe, kugumana ubwitonzi bushoboka, no gushyira imbere ibintu by'ingenzi kuri wewe.

Ibi si ibintu byoroshye kuganiraho, haba kuri wewe cyangwa kwa muganga wawe. Ariko ni ingenzi cyane. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa ibiri kuba ku mubiri wawe n'ibishobora kubaho mu gihe kizaza. Ashobora kandi kugufasha gutekereza ku mahitamo yawe, kandi nibiba ngombwa, akakohereza serivisi z'ubufasha.

Ubuvuzi bw’abantu barwaye indwara zitabageraho ni serivisi ifasha abantu bafite indwara zidakira kandi zituma bapfa kubaho neza, bafite icyubahiro, bayobowe neza, kandi bafite ubuzima bwiza. Iyo turwanye indwara ikomeye, igihe kinini n’imbaraga zacu byibanda ku buvuzi. Iyo dutekereje ku buvuzi bw’abantu barwaye indwara zitabageraho, twibanda ku buryo twakoresha igihe gisigaye, aho gukoresha indwara ubwayo. Mu kuganira na muganga wawe ku kuntu LMD izagira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe, uburyo bwo kuvura kanseri yawe, n’icyo wakwitega muri ubwo buvuzi, ushobora gufata icyemezo cyiza kuri wowe.

Niba ufite LMD, ushobora kuba ubana na kanseri ikomeye yakwirakwiriye umubiri wawe wose nubwo wavuwe. Iyo umenye ko ufite ikibazo gikomeye kandi kidakira, ushobora kumva utangaye, urakaye, kandi ufite ubwoba. Ushobora kwibaza uti "Kuki ibi bimbaho?" Ntabwo uri wenyine muri iki kibazo. Saba ubufasha kwa muganga wawe. Basobanukiwe ibyo urimo kunyuramo, kandi bazagufasha uko bashoboye kose.

Ibintu by'ingenzi cyane ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

• Indwara ya Leptomeningeal (LMD) ni ikwirakwira rya kanseri mu ruhu rutwikira ubwonko n'umugongo no mu mazi yo mu bwonko.
• Iyi ni indwara ikomeye idashobora gukira.
• Ibimenyetso by’imitsi nko kuribwa umutwe, isesemi, kugorwa no kugenda, ibibazo byo kutabona/kumva, no kutamenya neza bishobora kubaho.
• Iyi ndwara ipimwa hakoreshejwe MRI scan no gupfundika lumbar puncture.
• Intego y'ubuvuzi ni ukugenzura ibimenyetso no kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza.
• Ntutinye kuvugana na muganga wawe ku byerekeye indwara yawe, ahazaza hawe, n'amahitamo yawe nko kwita ku barwayi barwaye indwara zitabageraho. Shaka ubufasha wowe n'umuryango wawe mukeneye kugira ngo mushobore guhangana n'iki gihe kigoye.

Indwara ya Leptomeningeal , Kanseri, Ubwonko, Uruti rw'umugongo, Amazi yo mu bwonko, Ibimenyetso, Ikwirakwira rya Kanseri