Ese uzi iyi 'cholesterol yihishe'? Reka twige kuri Lipoprotein (a)!

Iyo upimye amaraso yawe kolesterol, ushobora kuba warabonye amazina nka LDL, HDL, na triglycerides muri raporo ubona, si byo se? Dukunze kuvuga kuri "cholesterol nziza" (HDL) na "cholesterol mbi" (LDL). Ariko hari imwe itari ku rutonde abantu bose bavugaho, ihishe gato, ariko ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw'umutima. Iyo ni Lipoprotein (a) , cyangwa Lp(a) mu magambo ahinnye. Ni nk'ibanga ry'umuryango, kandi rimwe na rimwe dushobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye mu mibiri yacu tutabizi.

Mu magambo make, Lipoprotein (a) ni iki?

Reka tubivuge dutya. Lipoprotein (a) ni ubwoko bwa LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein), izwi kandi nka "cholesterol mbi." Bigenda bite iyo cholesterol ya LDL yiyongera mu mubiri? Yiyongera ku nkuta z'imitsi yacu y'amaraso, igakora plaque zimeze nk'udusimba two mu muhanda. Mu buvuzi, iyi plaque tuyita. Uko utu dusimba two mu muvuduko twiyongera, amaraso arushaho kuba make mu gutembera neza. Amaherezo, ibi bishobora kuziba imitsi y'amaraso burundu no guhagarika gutembera kw'amaraso. Iyi ni yo mpamvu ikomeye itera indwara z'umutima n'imitsi yo mu bwonko.

Ubu, ikintu cyihariye kuri Lp(a) ni uko ari ikintu gikomeye kurusha LDL. Hari impamvu ebyiri zibitera:

1. Amaraso yihuta: Uduce twa Lp(a) dufasha amaraso yacu kwihuta kurusha uko bisanzwe.

2. Bihagarika amaraso gushonga: Binarinda ko amaraso yacitse gushonga.

Tekereza, urwego rwa cholesterol (plaque) rwakozwe mu miyoboro y'amaraso. Iyo urwo rwego ruturitse bitewe na Lp(a), hari amahirwe menshi ko amaraso yakwiyongera vuba kandi agafunga burundu imiyoboro y'amaraso. Niyo mpamvu tugomba kwitondera cyane Lp(a).

Ese Lp(a) level ni ikintu gikomoka kuri genes?

Yego. Nibyo. Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane kandi gishobora kuba kibabaje gato kuri ibi. Igipimo cya Lp(a) cyawe kigenwa n'uturemangingo uhabwa na nyoko na so. Ibi bivuze ko uko wakora siporo kose cyangwa uko ugenzura imirire yawe, ntushobora kugabanya cyane igipimo cya Lp(a) cyawe. Igipimo cya Lp(a) ufite ukiri muto gishobora kuba icyawe ubuzima bwawe bwose.

Namenya nte urwego rwanjye rwa Lp(a)?

Ibi bishobora kumenyekana hakoreshejwe isuzuma ryoroheje ry'amaraso. Ariko hari akantu gato hano. Ubusanzwe ukorerwa isuzuma rya cholesterol, ryitwa Lipid Profile.Mu by’ukuri, iki gipimo cya Lp(a) ntigipimirwa. Kigomba gukorwa ukwacyo, cyane cyane ugisabye. Muganga wawe ashobora kugena niba ugikeneye akakohereza.

Kuki muganga yagira inama yo gupima iki gipimo?

Si buri wese ukeneye iki kizamini, ariko niba ufite ibindi bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, muganga wawe ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo kubisuzuma.

Urwego rwa Lp(a) n'ubusobanuro bwarwo

Hari uburyo bubiri bwo gupima urugero rwa Lp(a). Ubwa mbere ni ugupima uburemere bwa Lp(a) mu maraso. Agaciro katangwa muri milligrams kuri desilita (mg/dL). Ubundi ni ugupima umubare w'uduce twa Lp(a) mu maraso. Agaciro katangwa muri nanomoles kuri litiro (nmol/L). Ni ngombwa kubaza muganga wawe ibipimo raporo yawe irimo.

Muri rusange dushyira agaciro ka mg/dL mu byiciro bikurikira:

• Igipimo gisanzwe: Munsi ya 30 mg/dL.
• Ingaruka zo kugabanya umuvuduko: Hagati ya 30 mg/dL na 50 mg/dL.
• Ingaruka zikomeye: Birenze 50 mg/dL.

Muri nmol/L, agaciro karenze 100 nmol/L gafatwa nk'akaga gakomeye.

Igipimo cyawe cya Lp(a) kiri hejuru bivuze ko uri mu kaga ko kurwara indwara z'umutima n'imitsi y'amaraso, nubwo izindi cholesterol zawe zaba zimeze neza.

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko urugero rwo hejuru rwa Lp(a) rufitanye isano itaziguye n'izi ndwara:

• Indwara z'umutima
• Indwara y'umutima
• Igisebe cy'imitsi
• Stenosis y'umuyoboro w'amaraso (aortic valve stenosis)
• Indwara y'imitsi yo mu mpande (PAD)

Ese hari ibimenyetso by'uko urugero rwa Lp(a) ruri hejuru?

Oya. Icyo ni cyo gice giteye ubwoba. Abantu benshi bafite urugero rwa Lp(a) ruri hejuru ntibagaragaza ibimenyetso. Ntibazi ko bari mu kaga kugeza igihe habayeho ikintu gikomeye nk'indwara y'umutima. Niyo mpamvu, niba ufite amateka y'indwara y'umutima mu muryango wawe, ni ngombwa cyane kubivuganaho na muganga wawe hakiri kare kandi ugapimwa nibiba ngombwa.

Noneho, twagabanya gute iyi Lp(a)?

Iki ni ikibazo abantu bose bafite. Mu by'ukuri, nta muti wihariye wemejwe muri iki gihe kugira ngo ugabanuke urugero rwa Lp(a). Abashakashatsi barimo gutegura no kugerageza imiti mishya myinshi kuri iyi ntego. Rero twizeye ko igisubizo cyiza kizaboneka mu gihe cya vuba.

Nubwo tudashobora kugabanya urugero rwa Lp(a) mu buryo butaziguye, ikintu cyiza twakora ni ukugenzura ibindi bintu byose byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima. Mu yandi magambo, niba Lp(a) ari yo mbunda yonyine dufite, ni nko guhagarika izindi zose.

Ibintu ushobora gukora:

• Reka gukoresha itabi burundu. Kunywa itabi ni yo mpamvu ikomeye yo kwangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso.
• Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe. Kora ikintu nko kugenda n'amaguru cyangwa kwiruka byibuze iminota 30, iminsi 5 mu cyumweru.
• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima.
• Fata indyo yuzuye umutima. Urye amavuta make, umunyu n'isukari, urye imboga nyinshi, imbuto, ibyatsi n'ibiryo bikungahaye kuri fibre.
• Komeza ugenzure umuvuduko w'amaraso na diyabete. Koresha imiti muganga akwandikiye neza.
• Kugenzura urugero rwa cholesterol ya LDL. Nubwo bidashoboka kugabanya Lp(a), imiti igabanya cholesterol ya LDL, nka statins cyangwa PCSK9 inhibitors , ishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago muri rusange.
• Genzura imihangayiko.

Bitewe n'ingaruka ufite, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira umuti nka aspirine kugira ngo ugabanye kuvura amaraso.

Ku bafite urugero rwa Lp(a) ruri hejuru cyane, cyane cyane abafite Familyal Hypercholesterolemia, hari uburyo bwo kuvura bwitwa Apheresis . Ibi ni nk'uburyo bwo gusukura amaraso iyo impyiko zinaniwe. Uhujwe n'imashini hanyuma uduce twa Lp(a) tugakurwa mu maraso. Ariko, ubu ni uburyo bwo kuvura bumara amasaha menshi, bugomba gukorwa rimwe cyangwa kabiri mu cyumweru, kandi bukorerwa gusa abarwayi badasanzwe.