Ese uzi urinda ubwonko bwawe n'umugongo wawe? Reka tuvuge ku ndwara zo mu bwonko!

Ese wigeze utekereza ku buryo ubwonko bwacu n'umugongo wacu ari ingenzi kandi byoroshye? Ibi ni byo biyobora umubiri wacu wose. Iyo tutitonze, ndetse n'impanuka ntoya ishobora guteza ingaruka mbi cyane. Ku bw'amahirwe, umubiri wacu ufite uburyo bwiza bwo kurinda izi ngingo ebyiri z'agaciro kanini. Ubwo buryo bwo kurinda ni meninges tuvuga uyu munsi. Muri make, ibi ni ibice bitatu by'uturemangingo turinda dukikije uturemangingo tw'imitsi (CNS).

Ubwonko bwo mu nda ni iki? Ibi bice bitatu ni ibihe?

Nk'uko igitunguru gifite uruhu, meninges zigizwe n'ibice bitatu. Buri gice gifite akazi kacyo. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo:

1. Dura Mater: Uru ni rwo ruhu rw'ubwonko runini kandi rukomeye cyane . Rumeze nk'ikoti rikomeye ritwikiriye ubwonko bwacu n'umugongo wacu. Ijambo ry'ikilatini "dura mater" risobanura "mama ukomeye." Uko ni ko birinda. Biherereye munsi y'agahanga kacu n'umugongo wacu. Inshingano yabyo nyamukuru ni ugufata ubwonko n'umugongo neza no kubirinda kwangirika.

2. Arachnoid Mater: Uru ni urwego rwo hagati . Rurakomeye cyane kurusha dura mater. "Arachnoid" bisobanura "igitagangurirwa." Izina ryarwo ryatewe n'uko imigozi mito ihuza uru rwego na pia mater munsi isa n'amaguru y'igitagangurirwa. Uru rwego nta mitsi cyangwa imitsi bifite.

3. Pia Mater: Uru ni urwego rwo hagati, urwego rworoshye cyane rufatanye cyane n'ubwonko n'umugongo . Kimwe n'urupapuro rwa cellophane, rushyirwa mu mwobo wose n'inyuma y'ubwonko. Imitsi myinshi y'amaraso itanga amaraso mu bwonko inyura muri urwo rwego.

By’umwihariko, arachnoid mater na pia mater byose hamwe bizwi nka leptomeninges .

Ni ibihe bice biri hagati y'ibice bya meninges?

Hariho imyanya itatu y'ingenzi hagati y'iyi membrane layers eshatu. Iyi si imyanya irimo ubusa gusa, ifite n'imirimo yihariye.

• Umwanya wo mu gituza: Aha ni hagati y'agahanga kawe n'agace ka dura mater. Ni n'umwanya uri hagati y'umugongo n'agace ka dura mater. Ushobora kuba warumvise ko "epidural" itangwa mu kubaga bimwe na bimwe cyangwa kugabanya ububabare mu gihe cyo kubyara. Imiti igabanya ububabare n'ikinya iterwa muri aka gace ka epidural. Umwonga wacu w'umugongo urangirira hagati mu mugongo, hagati y'umugongo wa mbere n'uwa kabiri. Uretse ibyo, hari amazi yo mu bwonko gusa. Kuboha mu gituzaKimwe, cyangwa nk'uko tubivuga, "gufata amazi inyuma," ni ikizamini gikorerwa aho hantu.

• Umwanya wo munsi y'uruti rw'umugongo: Aha hantu haherereye hagati y'uruti rw'umugongo n'uruti rw'umugongo rwa arachnoid. Mu bihe bisanzwe, aha hantu ntabwo ari "umwanya" cyane. Ariko, iyo habayeho gukubitwa gukomeye ku mutwe no kuva amaraso mu bwonko, nko kuva amaraso mu bwonko, cyangwa bitewe n'indi ndwara, uyu mwanya ushobora gufunguka.

• Umwanya wa Subarachnoide: Aha hantu haherereye hagati ya arachnoide mater na pia mater. Aha hantu huzuyemo amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) . Aya mazi yitwa CSF ni ingenzi cyane. Arinda ubwonko bwacu n'umugongo wacu guhungabana gutandukanye, nk'umusego. Nanone, iyi CSF ifasha gutanga intungamubiri no gukuraho imyanda.

Ni iyihe mirimo y'ingenzi ya meninges?

Noneho ufite igitekerezo gito cy'akamaro k'izi membranes zitwa meninges. Reka turebere hamwe imirimo yazo y'ingenzi:

• Kurinda Uturemangingo tw’Imitsi yo Hagati (CNS): Mu gihe habayeho imvune ku mutwe cyangwa impanuka, ikintu cy’ingenzi ni ukurinda ubwonko n’umugongo ugakora nk'umuti ufata shock , aho kohereza shock mu bwonko mu buryo butaziguye.
• Gutuza uturemangingo tw’imitsi yo hagati: Utwo duce tw’imitsi dufasha ubwonko n’umugongo kuguma bihamye mu gahanga no mu ruti rw’umugongo, bikabuza ko bigenda hirya no hino.
• Inkunga ku mitsi y'amaraso, imitsi, na sisitemu y'amaraso: Imitsi yo mu bwonko ifasha gushyigikira no gushyigikira imitsi y'amaraso itanga amaraso mu bwonko no mu ruti rw'umugongo (urugero , imitsi yo mu bwonko yo hagati) , imitsi (urugero, imitsi ya Trigeminal , imitsi ya Vagus ), na sisitemu y'amaraso (sisitemu ikuraho imyanda). Ni ingenzi kandi ku gutembera neza kw'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF).

Imiterere yihariye ya buri gice cy'ubwonko

Reka turebe ibi byiciro bitatu mu buryo burambuye.

Birenzeho kuri Dura Mater

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, uru ni rwo ruhererekane rw'inyuma, runini kandi rukomeye cyane. Rugizwe n'ibice bibiri by'ingingo zihuza. Uruhande rumwe rufatanye n'agahanga, urundi ruhande rufatanye n'agasimba ka arachnoid.

Iyi dura mater ifite uburyo bwihariye bwo gukurura imiyoboro y'amaraso yitwa dural venous sinuses . Iyi ni yo ikura amaraso yanduye mu bwonko igasubiza CSF yakoreshejwe mu miyoboro y'amaraso.

Indwara ya dura mater ihabwa amaraso yayo ahanini aturutse mu mitsi yo hagati ya Meningeal . Umutsi wa trigeminal, ufitiye akamaro ibyiyumvo byo mu maso no guhekenya, nawo unyuramo.

Ikindi kintu cyihariye kuri dura mater ni uko igenda yinjira imbere, igakora uturemangingo tune twitwa dural reflections . Ibi bimeze nk'udutambaro duto imbere mu bwonko, tugatandukanya ibice bitandukanye by'ubwonko (cyane cyane ibice by'ubwonko) kandi bigafasha kubigumana neza.

Birambuye kuri Arachnoid Mater

Uru ni urwego rwo hagati ruri munsi ya dura mater. Ryiswe gutyo kubera ko ari rugufi cyane kandi rusa n'urushundura rw'igitagangurirwa. Nta mitsi cyangwa imitsi irimo. Ariko, ifite imiterere ikozwe mu ngingo zihuza na dura mater. Umwanya wa subarachnoide uri hagati ya arachnoide mater na dura mater wuzuyemo amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF), atanga ingaruka nziza ku bwonko.

Birenzeho kuri Pia Mater

Uru ni urugingo rwo hasi, rworoshye rufata neza hejuru y'ubwonko n'umugongo. Bisa nkaho rwinjiye mu mpande zose z'ubwonko. Imitsi myinshi y'amaraso itanga amaraso mu bwonko inyura muri urwo rwego. Binafasha kugumana 'CSF' ahantu hamwe. Ku bijyanye n'umugongo, iyi matrix inafasha mu guha umugongo gukomera no gukomera.

Ni izihe ndwara zifata meninge?

Udukoko two mu bwonko, dukora umurimo ukomeye nk'uyu, dushobora kwibasirwa n'indwara zitandukanye. Zimwe muri zo zishobora kuba mbi cyane. Reka turebe zimwe mu ndwara z'ingenzi zigaragara:

• Meningite: Ubu ni ubwoko bw' "umuriro wo mu bwonko" twese twumvise. Muri make, ni ubwandu (kubyimba) bw'imitsi yo mu bwonko. Ubu bwandu bushobora guterwa na bagiteri, virusi, cyangwa ibihumyo . Kugira ngo umenye neza icyo ari cyo , ubusanzwe hakorwa ikizamini cyo gupfundikanya amazi yo mu bwonko. Urugero, niba umwana muto agize umuriro mwinshi mu buryo butunguranye, agakomera ijosi, no kuruka, ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bya meningite. Ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga ako kanya. Ni gake cyane, meningite ishobora no kubaho nta bwandu iterwa na kanseri, izindi ndwara ziterwa n'ububyimbirwe, kubagwa ubwonko, cyangwa imiti imwe n'imwe.

• Hematoma yo mu gice cy'umubiri: Iyi ni ikusanyirizo ry'amaraso hagati y'igice cy'umubiri cya dura na arachnoid mater bitewe n'uko imitsi y'amaraso yacitse. Iyi ndwara ikunze kubaho nyuma yo gukomereka ku mutwe, cyane cyane ku bageze mu za bukuru, cyangwa ku bantu bafata imiti igabanya amaraso . Hari igihe no kugwa gato bishobora gutera ubu bwoko bw'amaraso.

• Kuva amaraso mu zindi ngingo z'imitsi yo mu bwonko: Kubera ko imitsi myinshi y'amaraso inyura mu ngingo z'imitsi yo mu bwonko, gukomereka ku mutwe bishobora gutera kuva amaraso hagati y'izo ngingo.

Uretse ibi, hari n'ibindi bibazo:

• Meningioma: Ubu ni ubwoko bw'ikibyimba gikura mu mitsi. IbiAkenshi, ibibyimba ntabwo ari kanseri (ntibitera kanseri), bivuze ko bitakwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Ariko, iyo ibi bibyimba bikuze bihagije ku buryo byinjira mu bwonko bigashyira ubuzima mu kaga, bishobora gukenerwa ko bikurwaho mu buryo bwo kubagwa.

• Kanseri zo mu bwoko bwa Meningeal: Iki ni cyo gihe kanseri yatangiriye ahandi mu mubiri ikwirakwira mu mitsi. Iyi ni indwara ikomeye kurushaho.

Hari izindi ndwara zigira ingaruka kuri buri gice ukwacyo. Kubera ko meninge ari yo ngabo nyamukuru irinda ubwonko bwacu, tugomba kwibuka ko indwara iyo ari yo yose ibyibasira ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga .

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Noneho rero, ubu usobanukiwe ukuntu izi membrane eshatu zitwa meninges zifite agaciro ku bwonko bwacu no ku ruti rw'umugongo. Nk'abarinzi batatu barinda ikintu cyacu cy'agaciro kanini.

Izi ngingo eshatu, dura mater, arachnoid mater, na pia mater, hamwe n'amazi yo mu bwonko, birinda ubwonko bwacu gukubita umutwe. Binakora n'indi mirimo myinshi y'ingenzi.

Kubwibyo, niba ukomeretse ku mutwe bitewe n'impanuka (nk'impanuka y'imodoka, gukina siporo, cyangwa kugwa), ntukabifate nk'ibintu byoroshye. Hari igihe, nubwo utabona igikomere kinini inyuma, amenyo cyangwa ingirabuzimafatizo z'ubwonko zishobora kwangirika imbere bigatera kuva amaraso (Intracranial Hemorrhage). Kubwibyo, niba ukomeretse ku mutwe, ugomba kujya kwa muganga ukagisha inama. Hanyuma, ibizamini bikenewe birashobora gukorwa, kandi niba hari ikibazo, ubuvuzi bushobora gutangira vuba. Wibuke ko ubwonko bwacu ari urugingo rw'agaciro cyane, kandi ni inshingano zacu kubwitaho!

` Imitsi yo mu bwonko, Ubwonko, Uruti rw'umugongo, Dura Mater, Arachnoid Mater, Pia Mater, Udukoko two mu bwonko, Meningite, Hematoma yo mu bwonko, Meninges, CSF, CNS, Ubuzima bw'ubwonko, Uruti rw'umugongo