Reka tumenye byinshi ku birebana na bagiteri ya MRSA idakira imiti yica udukoko (Staphylococcus aureus idakira Methicillin)

Ese wigeze ugira igisebe cyangwa ikibyimba ahantu runaka ku mubiri wawe kitarakira mu minsi myinshi? Hari igihe twibwira tuti "Oh, ni ikibyimba gito gusa." Ariko hari ibikomere n'indwara zimwe na zimwe ntibikira nubwo hakoreshejwe imiti isanzwe ya antibiyotike. Muri ibyo bihe, impamvu ishobora kuba "umuti ukomeye" uteje akaga gato kurusha bagiteri isanzwe kandi idapfa gufatwa n'imiti byoroshye. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri bagiteri imwe nk'iyo yaduteye impungenge nyinshi mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi. Iyo ni MRSA.

Mu magambo make, MRSA ni iki?

Izina MRSA rishobora kumvikana nk'irigoye. Izina ryaryo ryuzuye ni Staphylococcus aureus idashobora kwangirika muri Methicillin . Reka tubikomeze byoroshye.

• Staphylococcus aureus: Ubu ni ubwoko busanzwe bwa bagiteri bubaho ku ruhu rwacu, mu mazuru yacu, n'ahandi hantu. Mu magambo make, bagiteri "Staph" tuyita. Ubusanzwe, iyo iyi bagiteri yinjiye mu mubiri wacu, ishobora kwinjira mu gisebe gito cyangwa igakomereka igatera agasebe gato cyangwa ikibyimba. Ariko, ibi bishobora gukira byoroshye hakoreshejwe imiti isanzwe ya antibiyotike.

• Irwanya Methicillin: Dore ikibazo. `Methicillin` ni antibiyotike ikoreshwa cyane iri mu muryango wa `Penicillin`. `Irwanya'' bisobanura 'irwanya.' Ni ukuvuga ko uru bwoko bwihariye bwa bagiteri ya Staph yitwa MRSA bwagize ubushobozi bwo kurwanya antibiyotike nyinshi, harimo na `Methicillin`.

Muri make, MRSA ni ubwoko bwa bagiteri ya Staph ifite ubushobozi bwo "kurwanya no gutsinda" imiti isanzwe ya antibiyotike. Ni nko kurwanya umwanzi no kubaka intwaro zidasanzwe zo kwirinda intwaro ze. Ibi bituma bigorana cyane kuvura ubwandu bwa MRSA, kuko hari imiti mike cyane iburwanya.

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'ubwandu bwa MRSA:

Ubwandu bwa MRSA bugabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bitewe n'uburyo bushobora kwanduzwa. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane kubisobanukirwa.

1. MRSA Iterwa n'ubuvuzi (HA-MRSA): Nk'uko izina ribigaragaza, ubu bwoko bukwirakwira mu bitaro nko mu bitaro, mu mavuriro no mu bigo byita ku bageze mu za bukuru. Abantu bamaze igihe kinini mu bitaro, babazwe, cyangwa bashyizwemo imiyoboro y'amaraso mu mitsi yabo bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura ubwo bwoko bw'imiti. Kubera ko imiti irwanya udukoko ikunze gukoreshwa mu bitaro, bagiteri zo muri ako gace zishobora kugira ubudahangarwa kuri zo.

2.MRSA Iterwa n'abaturage (CA-MRSA): Ubu ni bwo bwoko twagombye kwitaho cyane. Ntabwo yandurira mu bitaro, ahubwo yandurira mu baturage muri rusange. Ishobora gukwirakwira ahantu hahurira abantu benshi nko mu mashuri, ahantu habera imikino (siporo, ibibuga by'imikino), mu bigo bya gisirikare, no mu mashuri y'abana. Ndetse n'umuntu usanzwe ufite ubuzima bwiza ashobora kuyirwara.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ubwandu bwa MRSA?

Ibimenyetso by'ubwandu bwa MRSA biterwa n'aho bwagize ingaruka mu mubiri. Hari igihe ibi bishobora gusa n'aho ari ubwandu busanzwe, ariko bishobora guhita bikomera.

MRSA yandurira ite?

MRSA ni indwara yandura. Ibi bivuze ko ishobora gukwirakwira kuva ku muntu umwe ijya ku wundi. Hari abantu bafite bagiteri za MRSA mu mibiri yabo (urugero, mu mazuru yabo) ariko ntibagaragaze ibimenyetso. Tubita "abanduye indwara zandujwe." Nubwo badafite ibimenyetso, bashobora gukwirakwiza bagiteri ku bandi.

Dore bumwe mu buryo bw'ingenzi MRSA yanduriramo:

• Gukora ku buryo butaziguye: Gukora ku gisebe cyangwa ku ruhu rw'umuntu ufite ubwandu.
• Gukora ku buso bwanduye: Bagiteri za MRSA zishobora kuba ku buso nk'ibipfundikizo by'inzugi, ameza, n'amashuka mu gihe cy'ibyumweru byinshi. Ushobora kwandura iyo ukoze kuri ubwo buso hanyuma ugakora ku mazuru cyangwa mu kanwa n'ukuboko kumwe.
• Gusangira ibintu byawe bwite: Gusangira ibintu nk'amasupu, imashini zogosha, imyenda, n'ibikoresho bya siporo n'umuntu wanduye bishobora gukwirakwiza ubwandu byoroshye. Tekereza ikipe ya rugby isangira amasupu, kandi niba umuntu umwe ayifite, hari amahirwe menshi ko abandi nabo bazandura.
• Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga byanduye: Kwandura bishobora guterwa n'ibikoresho bisukuye neza cyangwa ibikoresho byashyizwemo (urugero: umurongo wo hagati w'imitsi, umuyoboro w'ubuhumekero) mu bitaro.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara MRSA?

Nubwo umuntu wese ashobora kwandura MRSA, hari abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma kandi bakavura ubwandu bwa MRSA?

Niba ukeka ko ufite ubwandu bwa MRSA, muganga azafata icyitegererezo cy’agace kanduye akohereza muri laboratwari kugira ngo gipimwe. Iki gishobora kuba icyitegererezo cy’amashyira mu gisebe, icyitegererezo cy’amaraso, icyitegererezo cy’inkari, cyangwa icyitegererezo cy’amashyira.

Laboratwari izakura bagiteri muri iki gipimo hanyuma isuzume "Umuco." Hanyuma, bazamenya antibiyotike zigira uruhare kuri iyo bagiteri n'izidakora (Ikizamini cyo Guterwa n'Abiyotike). Nyuma y'iki kizamini nibwo byemezwa ko ari MRSA kandi umuti ukwiye ugatoranywa.

Uburyo bwo kuvura

Uburyo bwo kuvura MRSA buterwa n'ubwoko n'uburemere bw'ubwandu.

• Ku ndwara z'uruhu: Akenshi, iyo hari igisebe cyuzuyemo amabyi, kiracibwa maze amabyi agakurwaho (Incision and Drainage). Hari igihe ibi byonyine bishobora kugenzura ubwandu. Byongeye kandi, ushobora gukenera gukoresha ibinini cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga yatanzwe na muganga wawe.

• Ku ndwara zikomeye: Niba indwara yakwirakwiriye mu maraso, mu bihaha, cyangwa mu zindi ngingo z'imbere, ushobora gukenera kujya mu bitaro no guhabwa imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imitsi (IV) . Iyi ni imiti ikomeye cyane. Hari igihe hashobora gukenerwa ubwoko burenze bumwe bwa antibiyotike icyarimwe.

Ni iki twakora kugira ngo twirinde MRSA?

Nubwo MRSA ari indwara ikomeye, dushobora gukora byinshi kugira ngo twirinde iyi ndwara dukoresheje isuku y'umubiri.

• Karaba intoki zawe kenshi: Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Karaba intoki zawe neza n'isabune n'amazi byibuze amasegonda 20. Menya neza ko woza intoki zawe nyuma yo gusohoka, mbere yo kurya, na nyuma yo kuva mu bwiherero. Koresha umuti wica intoki urimo alukolo iyo amazi adahari.
• Komeza upfuke ibikomere: Buri gihe komeza gusukura ibikomere cyangwa udusebe twose ku mubiri wawe, kandi ubipfuke n'igitambaro gisukuye. Buri gihe karaba intoki zawe nyuma yo gukora ku gikomere.
• Ntugasangire ibintu byawe bwite: Ntugasangire ibintu nk'amasume, imashini zogosha, imyenda, n'isabune n'abandi. Witondere cyane cyane muri siporo no mu byumba byo kuraramo.
• Sukura ahantu hakunze gukorwaho kenshi, nk'ibifunga by'inzugi, amatara, telefoni n'ibikoresho bya siporo, ukoresheje umuti wica udukoko.
• Koga nyuma yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri: Koga vuba bishoboka nyuma yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri muri siporo cyangwa gukina siporo.

Ni ryari ujya kwa muganga? Ni ryari ujya muri ETU?

Si indwara zose z'uruhu ziba MRSA, ariko hari ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe twagombye kwitaho cyane.

Jya ku Ishami ry’Ubutabazi bw’Ibanze (ETU) vuba niba ufite ibimenyetso bikurikira:

• Umuriro mwinshi: Iyo umuriro uri hejuru ya 40°C (103°F).
• Igikomere kirakomeye: Iyo igikomere gitera ububabare bukomeye, gifite impumuro mbi, cyangwa kirimo gusohora amazi y'icyatsi kibisi, umuhondo, cyangwa umukara.
• Kugorwa no guhumeka no kubabara mu gituza.
• Kugabanuka gutunguranye k'umuvuduko w'amaraso: Niba wumva ufite intege nke, uzumva umeze nk'ufite isereri, cyangwa unaniwe.
• Urujijo: Niba wumva umeze nk'uzunguza.

Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'uko ubwandu bwakwirakwiriye mu mubiri wose kandi burimo kugenda bugera ku ndwara iteje akaga cyane yitwa sepsis . Kubwibyo, si byiza gutinda mu gihe nk'iki.