Ese umwana wawe ahura n'ingorane zo kwicara atuje no kwiga? Cyangwa ahora yibagirwa ibintu byoroshye? Ese ibi bibangamira akazi ko ku ishuri no mu mirimo ya buri munsi? Iyi ni indwara yitwa ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Ibi si ukuri ku bana gusa, ahubwo rimwe na rimwe no ku bantu bakuru. Methylphenidate ni umuti wihariye utangwa kugira ngo uvure iyi ndwara. Niba muganga wawe yarakwandikiye uyu muti wowe cyangwa umwana wawe, ni ibisanzwe kugira ibibazo n'impungenge kuri wo. Uyu munsi, reka tuganire kuri uyu muti mu buryo bwumvikana kandi bworoshye.
Uyu ni ubwoko ki bw'umuti?
Muri make, Methylphenidate ni umuti ufasha kunoza uburyo umuntu yitondera ibintu no kugenzura imyitwarire itunguranye . Ni uwo mu bwoko bw'imiti yitwa stimulants. Ariko ntugatinye kuvuga "stimulants." Icyo uyu muti ukora ni ukongera gato imikorere y'ibice by'ubwonko bigenzura uburyo umuntu yitondera ibintu n'imyitwarire, bityo ugatuza ubwonko kandi ukongera ubushobozi bwo kwibanda ku kintu kimwe.
Uyu muti ushobora kwandikirwa na muganga wawe ku zindi ndwara, atari ADHD gusa. Niba rero ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, vugana na muganga wawe buri gihe.
Ibintu ugomba kubwira muganga wawe mbere yo gutangira imiti
Mbere yo gutangira uyu muti, ni ngombwa cyane guha muganga wawe ibisobanuro byuzuye ku buzima bwawe cyangwa ubw'umwana wawe, cyane cyane niba ufite imwe mu ndwara zavuzwe haruguru.
| Indwara cyangwa amateka y'ubuzima | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Ibibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe | Guhangayika cyane cyangwa guhangayika cyane, indwara zo mu mutwe, ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura cyangwa kugerageza kwiyahura (muri wowe cyangwa mu wundi muntu wo mu muryango wawe) |
| Indwara z'umutima n'umuvuduko w'amaraso | Niba ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, indwara z'umutima cyangwa ibibazo by'umutima wavukanye, imitsi ifungana cyangwa iziba, cyangwa se ukaba wararwaye indwara yo gucika intege mu bwonko. |
| Izindi ndwara | Glaucoma, indwara y'umwijima, indwara ya tiroyide, ibibyimba, ibibazo byo gutembera kw'amaraso mu maguru no mu ntoki |
| Ingeso n'ubwivumbure | Amateka yo kuba imbata y'ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa inzoga, amateka yo mu muryango warwaye indwara yo gutembera cyangwa indwara ya Tourette, ubwivumbure ku yindi miti, ibiryo, cyangwa amarangi |
| Ibirori byihariye | Niba utwite cyangwa ugerageza gutwita, cyangwa niba uri umubyeyi wonsa |
Nigute nkwiye gukoresha uyu muti?
Ibi ntabwo bimeze nk'ibinini bisanzwe. Iki ni ikinini gishonga kikagwa mu kanwa . Bityo ntukeneye amazi. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kuyakoresha.
1. Kumutsa intoki zawe neza: Mbere yo gufata ikinini, karaba intoki zawe n'isabune, wumishe neza, hanyuma uzumishe. Iyo ukoze ku kinini n'intoki zitose, gishobora gushonga.
2. Fata ikinini: Kura ikinini mu gapaki gafunze karimo umuti. Ibi bigomba gukorwa witonze cyane. Niba ikinini cyamenetse cyangwa cyamenetse, kijugunye hanyuma ushake ikindi gishya.
3. Bika mu kanwa: Shyira ikinini ku rurimi rwawe hanyuma ureke gishonga. Hanyuma umire.
4. Icy'ingenzi kurusha ibindi: Ntuzigere ukata, ujanjagura, cyangwa ngo uhekenya iki kinini.
5. Mbere cyangwa nyuma yo kurya: Ushobora kubifata uri kumwe n'ibiryo cyangwa utabifashe. Ariko nk'uko muganga abivuga, ni byiza kubifata uko bisanzwe buri munsi.
6. Ku gihe: Gufata umuti mu gihe kimwe buri munsi bizagufasha kubona umusaruro mwiza.
7. Mu gihe uha abana: Nubwo uyu muti usabwa abana barengeje imyaka 6, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe ugomba kwitondera cyane. Muganga azahora asuzuma ibiro n'uburebure by'umwana.
Gukoresha umuti urenze urugero: Niba ubona ko wafashe umuti urenze urugero, hamagara ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe amakuru ku burozi mu bitaro by’igihugu bya Colombo, cyangwa ujye mu ishami ryita ku bibazo byihutirwa (ETU) ry’ibitaro biri hafi yawe.
Uyu muti ni uwawe gusa. Ntukigere uwusangira n'undi muntu uwo ari we wese.
Ibindi bintu bishobora kugira ingaruka ku muti
Uyu muti ushobora kugira ingaruka ku yindi miti, vitamine, cyangwa ibikomoka ku bimera ufata. Rero bwira muganga wawe ibyo ufata byose, cyane cyane ibi bikurikira.
| Irinde gufata Methylphenidate hamwe n'ibi | |
|---|---|
| MAOIs (ubwoko bwa kera bw'imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara zo mu mutwe) | Lithiyumu, Procarbazine |
| Indi miti itera imbaraga | Indi miti yo kongera ubwenge, kugabanya ibiro, cyangwa kugabanya ibitotsi |
| Kubera ko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bindi, menyesha muganga wawe. | |
| Imiti y'umuvuduko w'amaraso n'indwara z'umutima | Atomoxetine, Warfarin (igabanya amaraso) |
| Indwara zo mu mutwe, imiti yo mu mutwe | Nka Carbamazepine, Phenobarbital, Phenytoin |
| Ibindi bintu | Ibinyobwa birimo kafeyine, imiti imwe n'imwe ivura ibicurane cyangwa aleriji |
Ibintu ugomba kuzirikana mu gihe ufata imiti
- Gusinzira: Uyu muti ushobora gutera gusinzira, bityo ntuwufate hafi yo kuryama . Ubusanzwe ni byiza kuwufata mu gitondo.
- Gukunda kurya:Ushobora kubura ubushake bwo kurya mu ntangiriro y'umuti. Ibi ni ibisanzwe. Kurya amafunguro make kandi kenshi bishobora gufasha. Muganga akunze gusuzuma izina ry'umwana wawe, ibiro bye n'uburebure bwe.
- Icyitonderwa ku bagabo: Iyo gushyukwa kumaze amasaha arenga 4 nta mibonano mpuzabitsina cyangwa bikaba byababaza, bishobora kuba ari indwara ikomeye (priapism) . Shaka ubufasha bwihuse kwa muganga kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika burundu.
- Ibibazo ku maboko n'ibirenge byawe: Niba ugize ikibazo cyo kuribwa mu biganza no ku birenge bidasanzwe, gucika intege, ububabare, impinduka mu ibara ry'uruhu (ibara ry'umukara, ubururu, umutuku) mu biganza no ku birenge byawe mu gihe ufata uyu muti, bwira muganga wawe ako kanya. Iyi ishobora kuba indwara yitwa Raynaud's.
- Gusuzumwa buri gihe: Vugana na muganga wawe buri gihe kugira ngo urebe niba umuti ukora kandi niba hari ikibazo. Ntugahindure ingano cyangwa ngo uhagarike gufata umuti utabanje kubibaza muganga.
Ni izihe ngaruka mbi nshobora kugira?
Kimwe n'indi miti iyo ari yo yose, iyi ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi. Imwe ni mbi cyane, indi ni isanzwe.
| Ingaruka mbi zigomba kumenyeshwa muganga ako kanya | |
|---|---|
| Ubushobozi bwo kugira ubwivumbure | Uruhu rushyushye, kuribwa, kubyimba mu maso, ku minwa, ku rurimi cyangwa mu muhogo. |
| Ibibazo by'umutima | Umutima utera vuba cyangwa utari mwiza, isereri, ububabare mu gituza, guhumeka bigoranye. |
| Impinduka mu mutwe no mu myitwarire | Guhangayika cyane, guhangayika, kubona ibintu nk'ibitari byo, urwango, ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura. |
| Ibindi bimenyetso bikomeye | Ubwiyongere bw'umuvuduko w'amaraso, ububabare bwo guhagarara amasaha arenga 4, ibimenyetso by'indwara yo mu bwonko (gucika intege mu buryo butunguranye, kugorwa no kuvuga, kugorwa no kugenda). |
| Ingaruka mbi ubusanzwe zitari zikomeye, ariko zigomba kumenyeshwa muganga mu gihe zikomeje | |
| Kuribwa umutwe (umutwe) | Gukunda kurya |
| Kugorwa no gusinzira | Kugabanya ibiro |
| Guhangayika, kubura amahoro | Isesemi, kutabona neza |
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Buri gihe fata uyu muti nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse, mu gipimo gikwiye kandi mu gihe gikwiye. Ntukigere uhindura ingano y'umuti ubwawe.
- Mbere yo gutangira imiti, bwira muganga wawe ibibazo byose by’ubuzima bwawe cyangwa bw’umwana wawe ndetse n’indi miti yose ufata.
- Iki kiyobyabwenge gigenzurwa, ntukigere ukisangira n'undi muntu uwo ari we wese. Ni bitemewe kandi ni akaga gakomeye.
- Shaka abaganga vuba niba ugize ingaruka mbi zikomeye nko guhinduka k'umuvuduko w'umutima, impinduka zikomeye mu mutwe, cyangwa ububabare bwo guhagarara bumara amasaha arenga 4.
- Ni ngombwa cyane kubonana na muganga wawe buri gihe kugira ngo urebe aho ubuvuzi bwawe bugeze.
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