Ese ukunze kurwara umutwe? Cyangwa uhita wumva utakaje uburinganire bwawe cyangwa utakaje uburinganire bwawe iyo ugenda? Hari ikizamini cyihariye muganga akora kugira ngo amenye impamvu y'ibi bintu. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga kuri iki kizamini cyihariye gikorerwa ku mitsi, gikora nk'icyumba cyo kugenzura umubiri wacu, ni ukuvuga ikizamini cy'imitsi. Ntugatinye iyo wumvise iri zina, biroroshye cyane.
Mu magambo make, ikizamini cy'imitsi ni iki?
Mu magambo make, iki ni ikizamini cy’umubiri umuganga akora kugira ngo arebe uko ubwonko bwawe, uruti rw’umugongo, n’imitsi bikora. Kimwe no kugenzura moteri y’imodoka, umuganga areba uburyo umubiri wawe ugenzura. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kumenya niba hari ikibazo mu mitsi yawe.
Amakuru ari muri iki kizamini azafasha muganga wawe guhitamo ibizamini (nk'isuzuma) ugomba gukora ubutaha. Ibi bizamini bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ibimenyetso ufite. Bityo ushobora kudashobora gukora ibizamini nk'ibyo inshuti yawe yakoze. Hari igihe iki kizamini gishobora gufata igihe, kuko sisitemu yacu y'imitsi ni sisitemu igoye cyane.
Niba usanzwe uvurwa indwara y’imitsi, muganga wawe akunze gukora iki kizamini kugira ngo arebe niba ubuvuzi bukora neza.
Ni nde ukeneye gukora iki kizamini?
Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupimwa indwara z'imitsi. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.
| Ibimenyetso | Ibi bivuze iki? |
|---|---|
| Kuribwa umutwe kenshi | Umutwe ukabije kandi uhoraho, utandukanye n'umutwe usanzwe. |
| Kuzungera no kugorwa no kugenda | Kumva nk'aho icyumba kirimo kuzunguruka, gutakaza uburinganire mu gihe ugenda, no kumva umeze nk'ufite isereri. |
| Kubura ibyiyumvo cyangwa kubura ibyiyumvo mu ngingo | Kumva urimo gushyuha mu kuboko, ku kuguru, cyangwa mu gice cy'isura, cyangwa kumva ko icyo gice nta buzima gifite. |
| Impinduka mu cyerekezo | Kutabona neza mu buryo butunguranye, kubona ibintu bibiri, kudashobora guhindukiza amaso yombi mu cyerekezo kimwe. |
| Impinduka mu kwibuka no mu myitwarire | Gutakaza ubwenge, kubura amahoro, urujijo, impinduka zidasobanutse mu myitwarire. |
| Kugorwa no kuvuga | Guhuza amagambo, kudashobora guhuza amagambo (Dysarthria cyangwa Aphasia), kudashobora kumva ibivugwa. |
| Gufatwa n'icyorezo | Gutakaza ubwenge butunguranye no gutigita k'umubiri cyangwa izindi ngendo zidasanzwe. |
| Ubutegetsi butazi ubwenge | Imiterere y'ubusa bwo kutamenya ibintu cyane, nko kuba umuntu arwaye koma. |
Kuba ufite ikimenyetso nk'iki ntibivuze ko ufite indwara ikomeye. Ariko si byiza kwirengagiza ibintu nk'ibi. Ni byiza kujya kwa muganga ukamenya impamvu.
Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma, umuganga akora iki?
Noneho reka turebe ikizaba muri iki kizamini. Kigizwe n'ibice byinshi. Muganga, bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe, ushobora gukora bimwe muri ibyo bice cyangwa byose.
Ubwa mbere, umuganga azakubaza ibibazo bike. Azakubaza ibibazo byinshi ku bimenyetso byawe, igihe byatangiriye, uko wumva umeze, izindi ndwara ufite, n'imiti ufata. Hanyuma, isuzuma ry'umubiri rizatangira.
| Igice cy'igenzura | Ibintu usabwa gukora n'ibyo ugeragezwa |
|---|---|
| Imiterere yo mu mutwe/Ubwenge | Ibi ni ukugenzura kwibuka kwawe, ubushobozi bwawe bwo gutekereza, n'uburyo witayeho. Muganga azakubaza ibibazo bijyanye n'umunsi, isaha, n'aho uri. Azagusaba gusubiramo amagambo make. Azagusaba gukora imibare yoroshye. |
| Imitsi yo mu mutwe | Hari imitsi 12 iva mu bwonko bwacu ikagera mu maso, mu maso no mu matwi. Kugira ngo arebe niba ikora neza, muganga azagusaba kuzunguruka amaso yawe, kuzunguruka mu maso, gusohora ururimi, no kureba ikintu. Azacana itara maze arebe uko impeta y'umukara y'ijisho ryawe ikora. |
| Ingendo, Uburinganire n'Ihuzabikorwa | Aha niho basuzuma niba ubwonko bushobora kuvugana neza n'imitsi. Bakubwira gufunga amaso no gukora ku mazuru yawe n'urutoki rwawe. Bagutera kunyeganyeza amaboko n'amaguru. Bagusaba kugenda ugororotse, kugenda uhagaze ku gatsinsino. |
| Reflexes | Ushobora kuba warigeze kubibona mbere. Muganga afata inyundo ntoya y'icyuma akagukubita ku ivi, ku nkokora, cyangwa ahandi hantu. Hanyuma areba amaguru n'amaboko yawe agenda yihuta. Ibi bigaragaza uburyo ubutumwa bw'imitsi bwihuta kandi neza. |
| Isuzuma ry'amatwi | Aha niho upimirwa kugira ngo barebe niba ushobora kumva ibintu nko gukoraho, kubabara, n'ubushyuhe. Bazagusaba gufunga amaso yawe no kubaza niba ushobora kumva agace k'ipamba ku ruhu rwawe. Bashobora kugutera urushinge ruto kugira ngo barebe niba ushobora kumva ububabare. Bazagupima niba ushobora kumva ikintu gishyushye cyangwa gikonje ku ruhu rwawe. |
| Sisitemu y'imitsi yigenga | Ibi bigenzura ibintu tudashobora kugenzura. Ibyo bivuze ibintu nko guhumeka, umuvuduko w'umutima, n'umuvuduko w'amaraso. Muganga ashobora kukubaza ibibazo bijyanye no kugenzura amara n'inkari. Ashobora kandi gupima umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe uko uhindura imiterere. |
Ni gute wagenzura niba utameze neza?
Iyo umuntu atazi ubwenge nyuma yo gukomereka ku mutwe, urugero nko mu mpanuka, abaganga bakoresha uburyo bwihariye bwo gupima imikorere y'ubwonko bw'umuntu. Byitwa Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) . Bireba:
- Urimo gufungura amaso yawe?
- Urimo kuvuga?
- Ese uhindura amaguru n'amaboko yawe ukurikije ibivugwa?
Mu gutanga amanota kuri ibi bisubizo, umuntu ashobora kubona igitekerezo cy'uburyo ubwonko bwangiritse.
Ni izihe ndwara zishobora kugaragara hakoreshejwe iki kizamini?
Iki kizamini ni intambwe ya mbere kandi y'ingenzi mu rugendo rwo gusuzuma indwara. Amakuru aturuka kuri ibi, muganga ashobora gukeka ko afite indwara runaka.
- Stroke: Indwara ibaho iyo amaraso atembera mu bwonko ahagaze cyangwa umutsi w'amaraso mu bwonko uturitse.
- Indwara: Indwara zigira ingaruka ku bwonko no ku ruti rw'umugongo, nka meningite cyangwa encephalitis.
- Indwara zo kwimuka: Indwara zigira ingaruka ku ngendo z'umubiri, nka Parkinson's disease.
- Indwara zo kwangirika k'ubwonko: Indwara zitera gutakaza kwibuka no gukora neza k'ubwonko buhoro buhoro, nka Alzheimer.
- Indwara zo mu bwonko ziterwa n'igicuri n'indwara zo mu mutwe: Guhagarara bitewe n'imikorere idasanzwe y'amashanyarazi.
- Multiple Sclerosis: Indwara iterwa no kwangirika kw'igitambaro gikingira imitsi.
- Indwara zo kubabara umutwe: Indwara zikomeye zo kubabara umutwe nka migraine.
- Gukomereka mu bwonko: Kwangirika k'umutwe guterwa n'impanuka.
Ni gute nakwitegura mbere yo gukora ikizamini?
Ibi ntibisaba kwitegura cyane, ariko gukora ibi bizakorohereza ibintu wowe na muganga.
1. Imyambaro: Ambara imyenda ijyanye neza kandi idafite aho ihuriye kuko muganga azakenera kwimura amaguru n'amaboko yawe.
2. Andika amakuru: Andika ibimenyetso byawe ku rupapuro ruto.
- Ibimenyetso byatangiye ryari?
- Bimeze bite? (urugero: gushya? kuribwa?)
- Biyongera ryari?
- Ese kugira icyo ukora kuri ibyo bizagabanya?
3. Ibisobanuro by'umuti:Fata ibisobanuro birambuye ku miti yose ukoresha (harimo n'imiti ivura izindi ndwara).
4. Raporo za kera: Niba ufite raporo z'ibizamini byakozwe mbere, zijyane.
Iyo witeguye gutya, ntacyo uzibagirwa. Biroroshye cyane ko muganga agutekereza neza.
Bigenda bite nyuma y'ikizamini?
Ubusanzwe, iyo isuzuma rirangiye, muganga azakubwira icyo atekereza n'ibyo yabonye.
Niba ibisubizo by'ibizamini bitameze neza, bivuze ko hari ikibazo gikekwa, muganga azategeka ko hakorwa ibindi bipimo kugira ngo yemeze neza icyabiteye. Ibyo bipimo birimo:
- Isuzuma ry'amaraso: Reba izindi mpamvu, nko kubura vitamine.
- Ubushakashatsi ku mashusho: Ibi bishobora gufata amashusho asobanutse neza y'ubwonko cyangwa uruti rw'umugongo. Urugero, gupima MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) cyangwa CT (Computed Tomography).
- EEG (Electroencephalogram): Ibi bipima imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'ubwonko bwawe. Ibi bifasha cyane cyane mu gutahura indwara nk'ibicurane.
- EMG (Electromyogram) n'Inyigo zo Gutwara Imitsi: Ibi bigenzura uburyo imitsi n'imitsi yawe bikora neza.
- Gutera ibisebe mu gifu: Ibi bikubiyemo gufata icyitegererezo cy'amazi akikije uruti rw'umugongo mu ruti rw'umugongo. Ibi ni ingenzi mu gutahura indwara nka meningite.
Nyuma y'ibi bizamini ni bwo gusa muganga azakubwira neza uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze agatangira kuvurwa bikenewe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Gusuzuma indwara z'imitsi ntabwo ari ikintu cyo gutinya. Ni isuzuma risanzwe risuzuma ubuzima bw'imitsi yawe.
- Ntukirengagize ibimenyetso nko kurwara umutwe kenshi, kuzungera, kugira ibisebe mu maguru no kwibagirwa. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bya mbere by'indwara.
- Iyo ugiye kwisuzumisha, andika ibisobanuro birambuye ku bimenyetso byawe n'imiti ufata. Bizafasha cyane muganga.
- Iki kizamini cyonyine ntigishobora gupima indwara zose, ariko ni cyo ntambwe ya mbere y'ingenzi mu rugendo rwo gusuzuma indwara neza.
- Niba ufite gushidikanya ku bimenyetso ibyo ari byo byose, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga kugira ngo akugire inama.
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