Uhumura ute? Reka twige ku mitsi ihumeka!

Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo dushobora guhumurirwa indabyo nziza, ibiryo biryoshye ba nyina bateka, cyangwa ubutaka nyuma y'imvura yoroheje? Ibi byose tubikesha igice gito ariko cy'ingenzi cyane cy'umubiri wacu. Uwo ni umutsi uhumura . Uyu munsi rero turaganira kuri uyu mutsi utangaje uhumura, uyu mugenzi udufasha mu buryo bwo kumva impumuro.

Umutsi w'amaraso uhumura ni iki?

Mu magambo make, imitsi yawe ihumura ni yo mitsi yawe ya mbere ikora mu mutwe (Cranial Neverve I cyangwa CN I) . Ni yo mitsi ya mbere mu mitsi cumi n'ibiri ikomeye mu mutwe wacu. Ni nayo iri muri sisitemu yacu y'imitsi ikora mu buryo bwikora . Ni ukuvuga sisitemu igenzura byinshi mu bikorwa bibaho mu mubiri wacu. Akamaro k'iyi mitsi ni ukuduha ubushobozi bwo guhumurirwa . Igitangaje ni uko ari yo mitsi migufi cyane mu mubiri wacu. Itangirira mu bwonko bwacu, cyane cyane hasi mu bwonko, hanyuma ikagenda ikanahuza n'imbere no hejuru mu mazuru. Tekereza ukuntu ikora akazi kanini, nubwo ari nto cyane!

Ni iyihe nshingano nyamukuru y'umutsi uhumeka (CN I)?

Igikuru ni uko bidufasha kumenya impumuro zitandukanye, nko kunuka impumuro nziza, impumuro y'ibiryo, impumuro y'indabyo. Ibi bibaho bite? Tekereza, iyo impumuro y'ikintu, yongera utuntu duto cyane tutagaragara (molecules) mu kirere. Iyo duhumeka, utwo duce twinjira mu mazuru yacu. Aho, ubwoko bwihariye bw'uturemangingo mu gice cyo hejuru cy'izuru ryacu, cyitwa olfactory receptors , bufata utwo duce. Hanyuma utwo duce twohereza ubutumwa mu bwonko binyuze mu mitsi ihumura, bugira buti: "Dore impumuro nk'iyi iraje." Ni bwo dusobanukirwa tuti: "Ah, iyi ni impumuro y'iroza" cyangwa "Iyi ni impumuro nziza y'inkoko curry."

Impumuro yacu ikora ite?

Sisitemu yacu yo guhumurirwa idufasha guhumurirwa mu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi: 1. Binyuze mu mazuru: Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, utuntu duto dusohoka mu bintu bifite impumuro twinjira mu mazuru yacu tugatera imbaraga uturemangingo tw’impumuro. Utu turemezo dukora mu buryo butandukanye, bigatuma dushobora gutandukanya no kumenya amoko atandukanye y’impumuro. Tekereza nko kuvanga gato ibara rimwe ry’ibanze mu buryo butandukanye kugira ngo habeho amabara atandukanye. 2. Inyuma y’umuhogo: Iyo duhekenya ibiryo cyangwa dufata ikinyobwa, utuntu tw’impumuro muri ibyo biribwa na two turarekurwa. Utu tumereza mu muhogo wacu tukagera ku turemento tw’impumuro tw’inyuma y’izuru. Niyo mpamvu rimwe na rimwe dushobora guhumurirwa ibiryo tukiri mu kanwa kacu.

Umunyu wa Olfactory n'uruhare rwawo

Uturemangingo tw’impumuro duhumeka na two tugira uruhare runini mu buryo bwacu bwo guhumurirwa. Duherereye hejuru y’umwobo w’izuru ryacu. Uru ruremangingo rugizwe n’ubwoko butandukanye bw’uturemangingo:

• Uturemangingo tw’imyakura: Izi ni uturemangingo twerekana impumuro mbi. Utwo turemangingo dufite imikorere ibiri: Imikorere ya dendritic isunika uturemangingo tujya ku musatsi muto uri ku mucosa w’imyakura, bigakurura uturemangingo tw’imyakura. Imikorere yo hagati isunika uturemangingo mu cyerekezo gitandukanye.
• Uturemangingo tw’umubiri dufata uturemangingo: Tuba dukora nk'inkunga y'uturemangingo tuyikikije.
• Uturemangingo tw’ibanze: Uturemangingo tw’ikirahure cy’umwuka duhumeka n’utundi turemangingo tw’ikirahure dushingiye kuri utwo turemangingo tw’ibanze.

Imiterere y'imitsi ihumeka ni iyihe?

Imitsi yacu ihumura, bitandukanye n'indi mitsi yo mu bwonko, ni imwe mu mitsi ibiri ituruka mu bwonko bwacu, igice kinini cyo hejuru cy'ubwonko. (Undi ni umutsi w'amaso, umutsi wa kabiri w'ubwonko udufasha kubona.) Imitsi myinshi y'ubwonko ituruka mu bice byo hasi by'ubwonko, urwego rw'ubwonko . Imitsi y'umutsi ihumura igenda intera ndende kugira ngo igere ku itara rihumura hejuru y'izuru. Mbere yo kugera ku itara rihumura, imitsi inyura mu igufwa riri mu gahanga kacu ryitwa cribriform plate . Iri ni igufwa ryoroheje kandi rituje. Ibi ni byo bitandukanya agace gakikije izuru ryacu n'ubwonko.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bishobora kubaho iyo imitsi ihumeka idakora neza?

Ibibazo bimwe na bimwe bigira ingaruka ku mikorere yacu yo guhumeka bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bitandukanye. Reka turebere hamwe ibyo ari byo:

• Anosmia: Iyi ni ukubura impumuro burundu . Indwara ituma udashobora guhumurirwa ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose.
• Dysosmia (izwi kandi nka phantosmia): Iyi ni uburyo umuntu yumva impumuro mbi, mbi, cyangwa idasanzwe nta mpamvu igaragara. Ishobora kuba impumuro ishyushye cyangwa impumuro y'umusenyi.
• Hyposmia: Iyi ni igabanuka ry'impumuro . Impumuro zafatwaga neza mbere ubu ntizikigaragara neza.
• Parosmia: Iyi ni impumuro idasobanutse neza . Urugero, ushobora kumva impumuro y'ibiryo umenyereye, impumuro y'ibinyabutabire, cyangwa impumuro y'ifu. Tekereza ukuntu wababara ibiryo ukunda biramutse bihumuye ukundi.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi ihumeka?

Indwara zitandukanye n'ibindi bintu bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'imitsi yacu ihumeka. Zimwe muri zo zirimo:

• Udukoko twa sinus na polyps zo mu mazuru .
• ItabiIkoreshwa ry'itabi (itabi, beedis, nibindi).
• Ubuzima bubi bw'amenyo n'amenyo (Isuku nke y'amenyo) .
• Guhura n'uburozi n'imiti ihumanya ibidukikije nk'imiti yica udukoko .
• Ibikomere bikomeye byo mu mutwe, harimo no kubabara mu mutwe, ni indwara aho ubwonko bukubitwa cyane.
• Imiti imwe n'imwe, urugero nka antibiyotike .
• Virusi ya ` SARS-CoV-2` itera coronavirus ( COVID-19 ) ni ikintu twese twumvise.
• Kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi .
• Diyabete (Diabete Mellitus) .
• Indwara ya Alzheimer .
• Ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko .
• Indwara ya Parkinson .
• Indwara y'igicuri .

Icy'ingenzi: Nkuko mubibona, gutakaza cyangwa kugabanuka k'impumuro rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye kurushaho. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kubyitaho mu gihe uhuye n'ikintu nk'iki.

Ni gute COVID-19 igira ingaruka ku buryo twumva impumuro?

Ushobora kuba warumvise ko hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'abantu bandura COVID-19 batakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva impumuro. Abashakashatsi baracyagerageza kumenya impamvu nyayo ibi bibaho. Ariko kimwe mu bishoboka ni uko indwara za virusi nka SARS-CoV-2 zishobora kwangiza uturemangingo twacu tw’impumuro. Inkuru nziza ni uko abantu benshi bongera kugira ubushobozi bwo kumva impumuro. Ariko, bishobora gufata amezi menshi. Icy'ingenzi ni ukwihangana.

Ni iki twakora kugira ngo twirinde ibibazo bifitanye isano n'imitsi ihumeka?

Mu by'ukuri, biragoye gukumira ingaruka z'indwara zimwe na zimwe zo mu bwonko, nk'ibibyimba byo mu bwonko, ku buryo twumva impumuro. Ni ibintu tudashobora kugenzura. Ariko hari ibintu dushobora kugenzura no kugerageza kwirinda:

• Kwirinda ibikorwa biteje akaga bishobora gutera imvune mu bwonko.
• Kubona urukingo rwa COVID-19 .
• Niba urimo gukoresha imiti, ambara agapfukamunwa kugira ngo urinde izuru ryawe .
• Niba unywa itabi (itabi, vaping), rekeraho kurikoresha .
• Koza amenyo yawe buri munsi no kuyasukura mu cyumaGukomeza kugira isuku yo mu kanwa nko gukoresha amenyo mu gukaraba.
• Niba ufite izindi ndwara (urugero: diyabete) zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'impumuro yawe, ni ngombwa kuzivura neza .
• Irinde imvune nko kubabara mu mutwe ukoresheje ibikoresho byo kwirinda nk'ingofero mu gihe ukina siporo.

Ni ryari wagombye kujya kwa muganga ku kibazo cy'imitsi ihumeka?

Ubonye kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga:

• Niba hari itandukaniro mu buryo ibintu bihumura .
• Niba utakaje impumuro yawe mu buryo butunguranye .
• Iyo uhumura nabi, impumuro mbi nta mpamvu.

Kuki ari ngombwa gushaka inama kwa muganga?

Ni ngombwa gushaka inama kwa muganga ku bijyanye n'ibi bimenyetso, kuko bishobora guteza akaga ku buzima bwawe no ku mutekano wawe. Urugero:

• Ushobora kugerageza kurya cyane cyangwa kurya bike kuko udashobora kumva impumuro y'ibiryo .
• Biroroshye kubura ibimenyetso by'akaga, nko kuva kw'imyuka ihumanya, umwotsi uturuka ku muriro, cyangwa ibiryo byangiritse. Tekereza kuva kw'imyuka ihumanya mu nzu yawe, ariko se byaba ari akaga uramutse utabihumurije.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Rero, ubu uzi ko umutsi wo mu bwonko witwa Olfactory Neurve ari wo mutsi wacu wa mbere wo mu bwonko (CN I), kandi ko uyu mutsi ari ingenzi ku buryo bwacu bwo guhumeka no kumva impumuro. Uyu mutsi ushobora kwibasirwa n'indwara zitandukanye nka COVID-19, Diyabete Mellitus, na Alzheimer's disease.

Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impinduka mu buryo wumva impumuro yawe, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga. Ashobora kukubwira niba ikibazo kizasubira uko cyakabaye cyangwa niba kizasubira uko cyakabaye. Ashobora kandi kukugira inama y'uko wakomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza nubwo waba udafite impumuro yawe.

Buri gice cy'umubiri wacu gifite agaciro, bityo ni inshingano zacu kwita kuri byose.

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