Muri iyi minsi wumva umeze nabi cyangwa ufite umuriro? Wenda ni ibicurane. Ni indwara yumva imeze nabi kurusha ibicurane bisanzwe, ariko se koko ni iki? None se uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri iyi ndwara yitwa ibicurane. Twakwirinda dute, kandi twakora iki turamutse tuyirwaye?

Iyi grippe (Influenza) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, ibicurane ni indwara igira ingaruka ku buryo bwacu bwo guhumeka . Ni ukuvuga ko ahanini bigira ingaruka ku mazuru, mu muhogo no mu bihaha. Impamvu y'ibi ni virusi. Iyi virusi ikwirakwira vuba cyane iva ku muntu umwe ijya ku wundi. Iyi virusi ikwirakwira cyane mu mezi y'ubukonje . Mu bihugu nka Amerika, byitwa igihe cy'ibicurane kuva mu Kwakira kugeza Gicurasi. Mu gihugu cyacu, dushobora kubona icyorezo cyabyo mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Rero, iki si ibicurane gusa, ahubwo ni ikintu kigomba kwitabwaho.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibicurane?

Iyo urwaye ibicurane, wumva umeze nabi kurusha uko wakwiyumva iyo urwaye ibicurane bisanzwe. Ku bantu benshi, virusi ya grippe ntabwo itangira kugaragaza ibimenyetso kugeza nyuma y'iminsi ibiri uyirwaye. Ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Umuriro mwinshi utunguranye
• Umubiri wanjye urimo gukonja, amaguru yanjye arimo kunyeganyega .
• Kuribwa umutwe cyane
• Umubiri wanjye wose urababara, cyane cyane imitsi yanjye.
• Nk'izunguzungu
• Gukunda kurya
• Umunaniro, kumva ufite intege nke
• Inkorora
• Kubabara mu muhogo
• Kuva kw'amazi
• Isesemi cyangwa kuruka
• Intege nke
• Kubabara ugutwi
• Hari igihe impiswi

Iyo abana bato barwaye ibicurane, bashobora gushyuha cyane kurusha uko bisanzwe , cyangwa bagasa n'aho 'batameze neza.' Kubera ko badashobora kuvugana neza, ni ngombwa ko ababyeyi bita cyane kuri ibyo bimenyetso.

Kuki iyi grippe (grippe) ibaho?

Izina grippe rikomoka kuri virusi iyitera - virusi ya grippe . Ikwirakwira byoroshye cyane. Iyi virusi iba mu duto duto dusohoka iyo umuntu akorora cyangwa yitsamuye. Iyo abandi bantu bayihumeka, barandura. Tekereza, iyo umuntu yitsamuye mu gace utuyemo, iyi virusi ishobora kukugeraho mu masegonda make!

Si ibyo gusa, izi virusi zishobora kuboneka ku bintu nk'ibipfundikizo by'inzugi, amafaranga, imigozi ya bisi, amagare yo guhaha, nibindi. Iyo umuntu akoze kuri ibyo bice hanyuma agakora ku mazuru ye, ku munwa, cyangwa ku maso akoresheje ukuboko kumwe, virusi ishobora no kwinjira mu mubiri.

Ese ibicurane ni indwara yandura? Ikwirakwira vuba gute ?

Yego, ibicurane ni indwara yandura cyane . Umuntu ashobora kuyikwirakwiza mu bandi kuva umunsi umwe mbere y'uko ibimenyetso bitangira kugeza ibimenyetso bishize. Ku muntu mukuru, ibi bishobora kumara icyumweru kimwe. Ariko abana bato bashobora kwandura igihe kirekire kurushaho. Niyo mpamvu ari byiza kuguma mu rugo igihe ufite ibicurane, kugira ngo ukingire abandi.

Ibicurane bikunze kuba icyorezo buri mwaka. Icyorezo ni ikwirakwira ryihuse ry’indwara ku bantu benshi mu gace runaka icyarimwe. Mu myaka imwe n’imwe, iki cyorezo gishobora kuba gikomeye cyane, kigakwirakwira mu gace kanini. Iyo icyorezo nk’iki gikwirakwira ku isi yose, cyitwa icyorezo . Ibi ni gake cyane. Hari icyorezo cy’ibicurane gikomeye mu kinyejana cya 20, kandi hari kimwe gusa cyabayeho mu kinyejana cya 21, virusi ya grippe A `(H1N1)` yasohotse mu 2009.

Wamenya ute ko ufite ibicurane?

Akenshi, abaganga bashobora kumenya niba umwana afite ibicurane barebye gusa uko asa, kuko abana bato barwaye ibicurane bakunze kugaragara nk'abarwaye cyane kandi bababaye.

Ariko, hari izindi ndwara zishobora gutera ibimenyetso bisa n'iby'ibicurane. Rero, niba umuganga ashaka kumenya neza ko ari ibicurane, ashobora gukora ikizamini. Bazakoresha agatambaro kanini k'ipamba (`(swab)`) kugira ngo bafate urugero rw'ibicurane mu mazuru cyangwa mu muhogo. Hari igihe ibisubizo biboneka vuba, cyangwa bishobora gufata igihe iyo wohereje muri laboratwari.

Wakora iki uramutse urwaye ibicurane? Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?

Abana benshi n'abantu bakuru barwaye ibicurane bakira bari mu rugo. Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe arwaye ibicurane, dore ibintu bimwe na bimwe ugomba kuzirikana:

• Nywa amazi menshi n'ibinyobwa byinshi (nk'umutobe, igikoma, isupu) kugira ngo wirinde umwuma .
• Gira ibitotsi bihagije kandi uruhuke . Reka kwiruka no gukina, reka gukora igihe gito. Kuruhuka ni ingenzi cyane ku mubiri.
• Ushobora gufata/guha parasetamol cyangwa ibuprofen kugira ngo ugabanye umuriro kandi ugabanye ububabare bw'umubiri.

Icy'ingenzi cyane: Ntugahe abana bato n'abakiri bato aspirine (cyane cyane abari munsi y'imyaka 19). Ibi biterwa nuko byagaragaye ko ifitanye isano n'indwara ikomeye cyane, ishobora kwica yitwa Reye syndrome . Ibi bigira ingaruka ku mwijima no ku bwonko.

• Mu gihe cyo kwambara, mbara mu byiciro byoroshye gukuraho. Iyo ufite umuriro, ushobora kumva ubukonje rimwe na rimwe, undi ukumva ubushyuhe.

Abana barwaye ibicurane bagomba kugenzurwa kure y'ishuri n'irerero kugeza igihe bakize. Bagomba gusubizwa ku ishuri, nta miti igabanya umuriro, nyuma y'amasaha 24 nta muriro bafite. Hari abana bashobora gukenera kumara igihe kirekire mu rugo. Baza muganga wawe icyo cyagirira umwana wawe akamaro.

Ni ryari hakenewe ubuvuzi?

Hari igihe, iyo umwana wawe arwaye cyane, cyangwa niba afite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye (tuzabivugaho nyuma), abaganga bashobora kuguha imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibicurane . Uyu muti ushobora kugabanya igihe cy'ibicurane ho umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Ariko, kugira ngo ubone umusaruro mwiza, ugomba gufatwa vuba ibimenyetso by'ibicurane bitangiye.Uyu muti ugomba gutangira mu masaha 48. Niba muganga wawe agundikiye umuti ugabanya ubukana bw'indwara ziterwa na virusi, mubaze ingaruka zishobora kubaho.

Icy'ingenzi: Abaganga ntibatanga imiti yica udukoko ku bicurane. Ibi biterwa nuko imiti yica udukoko ikora gusa kuri bagiteri, ntabwo ikora kuri virusi. Kubera ko ibicurane ari virusi, imiti yica udukoko ntabwo ikora.

Ese ibicurane bishobora gutera izindi ngorane? Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye?

Yego, hari abantu bashobora kugira ibibazo iyo barwaye ibicurane. Ibyo bivuze ko bashobora kurwara indwara zikomeye kuruta ibicurane gusa. Muri ayo matsinda y’abantu bashobora guhura n’ibibazo birimo:

• Abana bato bari munsi y'imyaka 5, cyane cyane abana bato (bari munsi y'amezi 6) .
• Abantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye . Harimo abantu bamaze igihe kinini bafata imiti ya chimiotherapie cyangwa steroide, cyangwa abantu bafite indwara nk'ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA cyangwa kanseri.
• Abantu bafite indwara zidakira nka asima cyangwa diyabete.
• Abana cyangwa abakiri bato bafata aspirine buri gihe.
• Abantu babyibushye cyane .
• Abagore batwite cyangwa ababyeyi baherutse kubyara (cyane cyane mu byumweru 2 nyuma yo kubyara).
• Abantu bari mu bigo byita ku bageze mu za bukuru igihe kirekire nko mu bigo byita ku bageze mu za bukuru.
• Abantu barengeje imyaka 65.

Iyo aba bantu barwaye ibicurane, indwara yabo ishobora gukomera cyane. Bashobora kurwara indwara nk'umusonga cyangwa izindi ndwara za bagiteri zishobora gutuma birushaho kuba bibi. Iyo ibyo bibaye, abantu benshi bazakenera kujya mu bitaro. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kwirinda ko abo bantu bahura n'umuntu uwo ari we wese ufite ibicurane cyangwa ufite ibimenyetso bisa n'ibicurane.

Niba umuntu afite ibimenyetso by'ibicurane, ni byiza kwirinda abantu bashobora kurwara cyane baramutse bafashwe n'ibicurane.

Ibicurane bimara igihe kingana iki?

Umuriro n'ibindi bimenyetso by'ibicurane (nk'ububabare mu muhogo no kunanirwa) akenshi bishira mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa kirenga. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kugira inkorora cyangwa bakumva batameze neza igihe runaka nyuma y'aho. Ibi bishobora kumara ibyumweru byinshi.

Ntushobora kwirinda kwandura ibicurane?

Nta buryo bwo kwirinda burundu indwara y'ibicurane. Ariko kubona urukingo rw'ibicurane buri mwaka bishobora gufasha. Buri wese agomba kubona uru rukingo buri mwaka guhera ku mezi 6 .

Ni byiza kubona urukingo rw'ibicurane mbere yuko igihe cy'ibicurane gitangira, ni ukuvuga mbere y'uko Ukwakira urangira (mu gihugu cyacu, igihe abaganga bakugira inama). Ariko niba utabishoboye, ushobora kubibona nyuma, igihe virusi y'ibicurane ikwirakwira. Abaganga benshi batanga urukingo rw'ibicurane kugeza muri Gicurasi niba virusi y'ibicurane ikiri mu bantu.

Abana bashobora kubona urukingo rw'ibicurane icyarimwe n'izindi nkingo zabo, nk'urukingo rwa COVID-19 cyangwa urukingo rwa RSV. Ariko, niba umwana wawe arwaye, afite umuriro, cyangwa yumva atameze neza, ganira na muganga wawe niba ukwiye gusubika urukingo rw'ibicurane.

Kimwe n'izindi mikorobe nyinshi, ibintu nko gukaraba intoki neza kandi kenshi, kwambara agapfukamunwa mu maso (cyane cyane ahantu hahurira abantu benshi), no kwirinda abarwayi bishobora kugufasha kwirinda kwandura ibicurane.

Ni iki kindi cyakorwa?

Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe urwaye ibicurane, ashobora gukora ibi bikurikira kugira ngo adakwirakwiza iyi ndwara ku bandi:

• Ntukagire abandi usangira ibikombe byawe, amasahani, ibikoresho byawe, cyangwa amatawulo yawe.
• Guma mu rugo utajya ku kazi cyangwa ku ishuri kugeza igihe uzumva umeze neza. Ibi ni byiza ku buzima bwawe kandi bizagufasha kwirinda ikwirakwira ry'iyi ndwara ku bandi.
• Mu gihe ukorora cyangwa witsamura, pfuka umunwa wawe n'amazuru ukoresheje agatambaro , hanyuma ujugunye agatambaro mu myanda.
• Niba udafite agatambaro mu ntoki, itoze gukorora cyangwa kwitsamura mu kuboko kwawe ko hejuru (nk'inkokora yawe) aho kwitsamura mu kuboko kwawe . Ibi bizagabanya amahirwe yo kwandura virusi mu ntoki zawe.

None se, ni ibihe bintu by'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka?

Sawa, twavuze byinshi ku ndwara ya grippe. Muri make, dore ibintu bimwe na bimwe ugomba kwibuka:

• Ibicurane ni indwara ikomeye kurusha ibicurane bisanzwe, bityo rero menya ibimenyetso byabyo.
• Guhabwa urukingo rw'ibicurane buri mwaka ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kwirinda, cyane cyane niba uri mu itsinda ry'abantu bashobora kwandura indwara nyinshi.
• Gukora isuku nziza (gukaraba intoki, kwambara agapfukamunwa, no kugira isuku ikwiye y'intoki) bishobora kugabanya ikwirakwira ry'iyi ndwara.
• Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe arwaye ibicurane, ruhuka bihagije, unywe ibinyobwa bisindisha, kandi ufate imiti igabanya ububabare nka parasetamol cyangwa ibuprofen kubera umuriro n'ububabare bw'umubiri. Ntukigere uha aspirine abana (bari munsi y'imyaka 19).
• Guma abantu bari mu matsinda y’abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura (abana bato, abageze mu za bukuru, abafite izindi ndwara zidakira) kure y’abantu barwaye ibicurane.
• Niba ibimenyetso bikomeye (urugero: kugorwa no guhumeka, kubabara mu gatuza, kuzungera cyane, kuruka cyane), niba umuriro utagabanutse mu minsi mike, cyangwa niba ufite impungenge , jya kwa muganga.

Ukurikije izi ntambwe, ushobora kwirinda ibicurane n'umuryango wawe. Komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!

` Grippe, Grippe, Urukingo rw'ibicurane, indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, umuriro, ibimenyetso by'ibicurane, kwirinda ibicurane