Ese wigeze ukorerwa isuzuma ry'amaraso, isuzuma ry'inkari, cyangwa isuzuma ry'ibipimo by'indwara? Muganga wawe azagusobanurira ikibazo cyawe n'icyo ugomba gukora kuri cyo. Ariko se wigeze wibaza uwategura iyi raporo akanasesengura amakuru ari muri yo? Aho niho uruhare rw'intwari itaramenyekana mu nkuru yacu, Umuganga w'indwara, rugaragara.
Mu magambo make, uyu Muganga w’indwara z’umutima ni nde?
Umuganga w’indwara ni umuganga watojwe by’umwihariko kwiga indwara akoresheje ingingo z’umubiri w’umuntu, amaraso, inkari n’andi matembabuzi yo mu mubiri. Batanga amakuru akenewe kugira ngo bapime neza, bavure, bakurikirane kandi bahanure uko indwara izagenda mu gihe kizaza. Muri make, abaganga b’indwara ni bo bafasha muganga wawe kubona inzira izagufasha mu rugendo rwawe rwo kuvurwa.
Babona bate aya makuru? Ahanini,
- Ingero z'uturemangingo, uturemangingo, n'amazi ava mu mubiri bisuzumwa hifashishijwe mikorosikopi.
- Imashini zidasanzwe (isesengura) zikoreshwa mu gupima ibikubiye mu bipimo nk'amaraso.
Bameze nk'abashinzwe iperereza. Bashakisha ibimenyetso bito cyane ku rwego rw'uturemangingo mu mibiri yacu kugira ngo bamenye neza icyo indwara ari cyo.
Ni izihe nzego zitandukanye z'ubuhanga bw'abaganga b'indwara z'imitsi?
Kimwe n'abandi baganga, abahanga mu by'indwara z'umutima bihariye mu bice bitandukanye. Ibyo bivuze ko buri wese afite ubuhanga mu gice kimwe kurusha ikindi. Reka turebe bimwe muri ibyo bice by'ingenzi.
| Urubuga rw'ubuhanga | Mu magambo make, bakora iki? |
|---|---|
| Uburyo bwo guterwa amaraso/gutanga amaraso | Ni bo bashinzwe gutanga amaraso mu bitaro. Aba bahanga bagenzura ko guterwa amaraso bikorwa mu mutekano kandi ko ibice by'amaraso, nka plasma, bikoreshwa neza. |
| Indwara z'ibinyabutabire | Iga ku mikorere y'ibinyabutabire mu mubiri (biochimie). Urugero, ifasha mu gusuzuma indwara isuzuma ibintu nk'isukari mu maraso yawe na cholesterol. |
| Ubumenyi bw'indwara z'imitsi | Tureba uturemangingo tw'umubiri kugira ngo tumenye indwara. Urugero rwiza rw'ibi ni Pap smear. Ubu buryo akenshi ni ingenzi mu kumenya kanseri. |
| Ubumenyi bw'uruhu | Ubumenyi bwabo ni ugusuzuma no gukurikirana indwara z'uruhu. |
| Indwara z'ubugenzacyaha | Ni bo bakora iperereza ku mpfu zitunguranye, ziteye amakenga, kandi zikabije. Mu gihugu cyacu, abantu bakora uyu murimo bitwa abashinzwe ubuvuzi bw’inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi (JMOs). |
| Indwara y'amaraso | Bafite ubuzobere mu ndwara zigira ingaruka ku turemangingo tw’amaraso, kuvura amaraso, umworera w’amagufwa, n’uturemangingo tw’imitsi. Bapima indwara nka kanseri y’amaraso. |
| Ubumenyi bw'ibinyabuzima mu buvuzi | Igaragaza neza udukoko nka bagiteri na virusi dutera indwara zandura. |
| Indwara y'uturemangingo tw'umubiri | Itanga amakuru yerekeye imiterere, imikorere, n'impinduka z'uturemangingo twacu. Ibi bifasha mu gusuzuma no kuvura zimwe mu ndwara zikomoka ku turemangingo. |
| Ubumenyi bw'imitsi | Akazi kabo ni ugusuzuma indwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi n'imitsi. |
| Indwara z'abana | Isuzuma indwara zibaho mu gihe cy'umwana uri mu nda, umwana muto, ndetse n'igihe cy'imikurire y'umwana. |
| Indwara zo kubaga | Mu gihe cyo kubaga, abaganga basuzuma ingingo barimo gukuraho. Tekereza ko ari ukubaga kugira ngo bakureho ikibyimba cya kanseri. Bashobora gufata igice cy'ikibyimba bakagisuzuma icyo gihe, hanyuma bakabwira umuganga niba izindi ngingo zigomba gukurwaho cyangwa zitagomba gukurwaho. |
Ni uruhe ruhare rw'ingenzi rw'umuhanga mu by'indwara?
Umuganga w’indwara z’umutima ni umuntu ukomeye cyane mu itsinda ry’ubuvuzi. Bakorana bya hafi n’abandi baganga, nk’abaganga b’inzobere mu kuvura kanseri n’abaganga babaga. Zimwe mu nshingano zabo z’ingenzi zirimo:
- Gusuzuma indwara: Akazi k'umuganga w'indwara ni ingenzi mu gusuzuma indwara nyinshi, cyane cyane ubwoko bwinshi bwa kanseri . Bafata igice cy'umubiri bakagisuzuma niba nta virusi, bagiteri cyangwa uturemangingo twa kanseri.
- Uburyo bwo kuvura butangwa: Bashobora kukubwira antibiyotike nziza yo gutanga ku ndwara ya bagiteri, cyangwa bakaguha amakuru ukeneye kugira ngo ufate icyemezo niba imirasire, imiti igabanya ubukana, cyangwa kubagwa ari byo byiza kuri kanseri.
- Gukurikirana indwara zikomeje: Bifasha gukurikirana uburyo indwara ikwirakwira mu mubiri binyuze mu gupima amaraso y'umuntu urwaye indwara yandurira mu maraso, nka Hepatite B.
- Gutanga icyerekezo: Mu ndwara zimwe na zimwe, nka kanseri y'amaraso, icyerekezo cy'indwara gishobora kugaragazwa burundu n'impinduka runaka (mutations) mu turemangingo. Umuganga w'indwara ashobora gushaka izi mpinduka mu turemangingo tw'umubiri asuzuma uturemangingo.
Kuki utabonana n'inzobere mu by'indwara?
Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bafite. Bitandukanye n'abandi baganga, abaganga b'indwara ntibakunze guhura n'abarwayi mu buryo butaziguye. Nubwo bagira uruhare runini mu gusuzuma indwara, umuganga wagutumyeho kugira ngo upimwe azagusobanurira. Uwo ashobora kuba umuganga w'umuryango wawe, umuganga w'abagore, cyangwa umuganga w'indwara za kanseri. Azagusobanurira indwara akurikije raporo y'umuganga w'indwara.
Hari ibibazo bisanzwe ushobora kuba wibazaho
Ese inzobere mu ndwara z’umutima ni umuganga?
Yego rwose. Umuganga w’indwara ni umuganga warangije amashuri ye y’ubuganga hanyuma akabona amahugurwa yihariye y’imyaka myinshi mu bijyanye n’indwara.
Bakorera he?
Abahanga mu by'indwara bakorera ahantu hatandukanye.
- Mu bitaro bya leta n'iby'abikorera ku giti cyabo
- Mu bitaro bya kaminuza
- Muri laboratwari zigenga
- Mu biro byigenga
Bitwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ube umuganga w’indwara z’umutima?
Ubusanzwe bifata nibura imyaka 11 kugira ngo umuntu abe umuganga w’indwara z’umutima. Ibi birimo kwiga muri kaminuza, igihe amara mu ishuri ry’ubuganga, hanyuma nibura imyaka itatu y’amahugurwa yihariye. Ibi bigaragaza uburyo ubumenyi n’amahugurwa yabo byimbitse.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Umuganga w’indwara ni inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi wahawe amahugurwa yihariye yo gusuzuma indwara binyuze mu gusuzuma ingingo z’umubiri wawe, amaraso, n’ibindi bintu biva mu mazi.
- Nubwo ushobora kutabonana nabo mu buryo butaziguye, inzobere mu ndwara z’imitsi ni ingenzi kandi ni umunyamuryango w’ingenzi mu itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi.
- Umuganga wawe w’ibanze azaguhitiramo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura hashingiwe ku makuru ari muri raporo y’umuganga w’indwara.
- Bamaze imyaka myinshi bahabwa amahugurwa yihariye n'uburezi kugira ngo bakore akazi gakomeye neza, bityo ushobora kwizera ko raporo yawe ishyigikiwe n'itsinda ry'abaganga b'abahanga cyane.
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