Ese tuzi kanseri y'ibihaha idasanzwe, Mesothelioma ya Pleural?

Ese uhora ubabara mu gatuza cyangwa uhumeka nabi? Ushobora gutekereza ko ari ibisanzwe. Ariko, hari igihe ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye cyane tutarabyumva cyane. Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara idakunze kugaragara, kandi akenshi itazwi.

Mesothelioma ya Pleural ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Muri make, Pleural Mesothelioma ni ubwoko budasanzwe bwa kanseri butera mu rukenyerero ruto, cyangwa mu mwenge, ukikije ibihaha byacu no mu rukuta rw'imbere rw'igituza cyacu. Ubu bwoko bw'umwenge bwitwa pleura mu buvuzi. Burinda ibihaha byacu nk'ibahasha.

Iyi kanseri ikomoka ku ruhu rwitwa mesothelium. Uru ni urukingira rukikije ingingo nyinshi ziri mu mubiri wacu. Bityo, kanseri ikwirakwira ahantu hose muri uru ruhu rwitwa mesothelium. Kubera ko ikwirakwira mu bihaha, yitwa Pleural Mesothelioma.

Impamvu nyamukuru kandi ifitanye isano cyane n’ibi ni ukwibasirwa na asbestos . Ushobora kuba warumvise ko amabati ya asbestos yakoreshwaga kera ndetse no ku bisenge by’amazu mu gihugu cyacu. Iyi asbestos ni ubwoko bw’amabuye y’agaciro yakoreshwaga mu bihe byashize mu bintu byinshi nko mu bikoresho by’ubwubatsi no mu nganda z’imodoka. Iyo duhumeka utunyangingo duto tumeze nk’udupira tubamo, tujya mu bihaha tukabibika. Umubiri wacu ntushobora gusya cyangwa ngo usenye utwo tunyangingo. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, utwo tunyangingo dushobora gutera ububyimbirwe mu bihaha, indwara z’uturemangingo, ndetse amaherezo tukavamo kanseri.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'iyi kanseri?

Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) ryagabanyije iyi kanseri mo ubwoko butatu bw’ingenzi, bitewe n’ubwoko bw’uturemangingo itangira. Hari ubwoko bwa kanseri bukwirakwira vuba kandi bugoranye kuvura. Kumenya ubwoko ufite bishobora gufasha muganga wawe guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura n’uko indwara yawe izagenda.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara bishobora kuba?

Kimwe mu bintu biteje akaga cyane kuri iyi ndwara ni uko ibimenyetso bigaragara buhoro buhoro. Bishobora gufata imyaka 15, 20, cyangwa 50 nyuma yo kwandura asibesitosi kugira ngo ibimenyetso bigaragare. Ibimenyetso bya mbere ni bito nk'ibicurane bisanzwe, bityo abantu benshi barabyirengagiza. Kubera iyo mpamvu, iyo bagiye kwa muganga, kanseri ishobora kuba yageze kure cyane.

Ibimenyetso bibiri by'ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Ububabare bwo mu gituza buhoraho
• Guhumeka nabi (guhumeka nabi)

Uretse ibi, ibintu bikurikira nabyo biragaragara:

• Inkorora idashira no gushyuha cyane
• Kugorwa no kumira (Dysphagia)
• Kubabara umugongo wo hasi
• Kubyimba mu maso no mu maboko
• Kugabanya ibiro nta mpamvu iyo ari yo yose
• Kubira ibyuya nijoro
• Umunaniro uhoraho
• Umuriro uza nta mpamvu

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara iyi ndwara?

Abantu benshi barwara iyi ndwara bahura n’asidebestos mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi binyuze mu kazi kabo. Tekereza ku wahoze ari umukinnyi wa bass. Yakoreye mu bwubatsi no mu bwubatsi bw’amato imyaka myinshi. Yatangiye kugira ibimenyetso by’iyi ndwara afite imyaka 65 cyangwa 70.

Imirimo iri mu kaga gakomeye ni iyi:

• Abakozi b'ubwubatsi n'abakora mu nganda
• Abakozi bakora mu by'ubwubatsi no gusana amato (cyane cyane abakoreraga mu ngabo zirwanira mu mazi)
• Abantu basenya inyubako zishaje
• Abakanishi b'imodoka n'abakozi ba gari ya moshi
• Abakora inyubako zirinda ubushyuhe n'abashyiraho ibikoresho
• Abazimya umuriro
• Abafundi b'amazi
• Abacukuzi b'amabuye y'agaciro

Si ibi gusa, ushobora no kuba uri mu kaga:

• Iyo hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ukora akazi nk'aka, utu duce twa asbestos dushobora kwinjira mu nzu ku myenda n'inkweto bye.
• Niba utuye hafi y'ikirombe cy'amabuye y'agaciro ya asbestos, cyangwa hafi y'ahantu inyubako zishaje zirimo asbestos zisenywa.

Ni gute umuganga asuzuma neza iyi ndwara?

Iyo ubwiye muganga wawe ibimenyetso byawe, azagusuzuma, akubaze akazi kawe, aho utuye, nibindi kugira ngo arebe niba hari ibintu bishobora gutuma urwara. Nyuma yibyo, bashobora gukora ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo bemeze ko ari indwara.

• Ibizamini byo Gupima: Hazabanza gukorwa X-ray yo mu gituza . Ibi bishobora kureba ibintu nko kubyimba kw'uruti rw'ibihaha, gusohora amaraso mu maraso, nibindi. Byongeye kandi , CT scan, MRI scan , cyangwa PET scan bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe neza aho kanseri iri n'uko yakwirakwiriye.
• Gupima Amaraso: Bimwe mu bipimo by'amaraso bishobora gusuzuma urugero rwinshi rw'ibintu bimwe na bimwe bifitanye isano n'iyi kanseri (nk'ibice bya fibulin-3 na peptides zikomoka kuri mesothelin) mu maraso.
• Thoracentesis: Ibi bikubiyemo gukuraho amwe mu mazi (amazi) yakusanyije mu bihaha byawe ukoresheje syringe hanyuma ukagerageza uturemangingo twa kanseri. Ibi bishobora gufasha kugabanya ububabare bw'igituza no kubura umwuka.
• Isuzuma ry’indwara: Ubu ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kwemeza ko umuntu yanduye 100% by’igihe. Muri ibi, agace gato k’umubiri gafatwa mu gice cy’ibihaha kigasuzumwa hifashishijwe mikorosikopi kugira ngo harebwe niba hari uturemangingo twa kanseri. Ibi bishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo nka bronchoscopy, thoracoscopy , cyangwa videwo yo kubaga igituza (VATS) .

Ibyiciro bya kanseri bishyirwa mu byiciro bite?

Kimwe n'izindi kanseri, hari ibyiciro. Ibyiciro bigenwa n'urugero kanseri imaze gukwirakwiramo. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku muganga wawe kugira ngo ateganye uburyo bwo kuvura.

• Icyiciro cya 1: Kanseri iba mu gice cy'ibihaha gusa (pleura). Muri iki cyiciro, hashobora kubagwa kugira ngo kanseri irandurwe burundu.
• Icyiciro cya 2: Kanseri yakwirakwiriye hirya gato y'aho ibihaha biherereye, ariko iracyari hafi y'aho yatangiriye.
• Icyiciro cya 3: Kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu ngingo z'umubiri no mu tunyangingo tw'amaraso biri hafi aho.
• Icyiciro cya 4: Kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu ngingo za kure (nk'umwijima, amagufwa, cyangwa ubwonko). Ibi byitwa metastasized .

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Mesothelioma yo mu bwoko bwa pleural ni kanseri igoranye kuvura kuko ishobora gukwirakwira mu buryo bworoshye mu mitsi, mu mitsi y'amaraso no mu ngingo. Kubwibyo, abaganga b'inzobere mu kuvura kanseri bakunze gutanga inama yo kuvura hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye.

• Kubaga: Kubaga bishobora gukorwa mu ntangiriro za kanseri. Kubaga byitwa extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) bikuraho ibihaha n'ingingo zibikikije. Kubaga byitwa pleurectomy hamwe no gukuraho (P/D) bikuraho gusa igice cy'ibihaha n'ikibyimba nta gukuraho ibihaha byose.
• Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire: Imirasire ya X-ray ifite ingufu nyinshi ikoreshwa mu gusenya uturemangingo twa kanseri. Ibi bishobora gukorwa hamwe no kubaga cyangwa gukoresha imiti ivura kanseri. Hari igihe ikoreshwa mu kugabanya ibimenyetso (nk'ububabare bwo mu gatuza).
• Ubwivumbure: Ibi bikubiyemo guha umubiri imiti yica uturemangingo twa kanseri cyangwa ikabuza gukura. Pemetrexed, carboplatin , na cisplatin ni yo miti ikoreshwa cyane.
• Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Ubu ni uburyo bushya bwo kuvura bukora mu gukomeza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwacu, bukabufasha kumenya no kwibasira uturemangingo twa kanseri.
• Ubuvuzi bw'indwara zibabaza: Intego y'ibi si ukuvura kanseri. Ahubwo ni ukugenzura ibimenyetso by'umurwayi (ububabare, guhumeka bigoranye), koroshya ubuzima bwe bwa buri munsi, no gutanga ihumure.
• Igeragezwa ry'Ubuvuzi: Ubu ni ubushakashatsi bupima uburyo bugezweho bwo kuvura n'imiti. Ushobora kugira amahirwe yo kubona uburyo bushya bwo kuvura, nko gukoresha imiti mishya ya chimiotherapie n'imiti irwanya indwara, ubuvuzi bw'uturemangingo , na ubuvuzi bw'izuba .

Wakwirinda gute? Kandi ni ryari wajya kwa muganga?

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda Pleural Mesothelioma ni ukwirinda guhumeka uduce twa asbestos mu kirere. Ubu, ikoreshwa rya asbestos ryaragabanijwe muri Sri Lanka. Ariko, ibi biracyaboneka mu mazu n'inyubako zifite imyaka irenga 20-30.

• Niba urimo kuvugurura inzu ishaje, cyane cyane niba urimo guhindura ibintu nk'igisenge cyangwa igisenge, shaka umuntu ubizi neza kugira ngo arebe niba asbestos ari nziza.
• Niba ukuyeho asbestos, shyira icyo gikorwa mu kigo cyahuguwe ku bw'icyo gikorwa.
• Niba ukora akazi kateje akaga, buri gihe mbara udupfukamunwa n'imyenda ikwiye yo kwirinda . Irinde kuzana utwo duce mu rugo ku myenda yawe.

Niba ufite amateka yo guhura na asibesitosi kandi ukaba ugaragaje kimwe muri ibi bikurikira, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga ako kanya:

• Kubabara umugongo cyangwa mu gituza
• Inkorora idashira cyangwa gushyuha cyane
• Kugorwa no guhumeka cyangwa kumira
• Kubyimba mu maso
• Kugabanya ibiro nta mpamvu

Baza muganga wawe ibi bintu:

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa Pleural Mesothelioma mfite?
• Ni ikihe cyiciro cy'indwara ya kanseri ndimo?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura bubereye kuri njye?
• Ese ubu buryo bwo kuvura buzamwongerera igihe cyo kubaho? Ese buzagabanya ibimenyetso by'uburwayi bwanjye?
• Ni gute wagenzura ingaruka mbi zo kuvurwa?
• Ese hari igeragezwa ry'ubuvuzi nshobora kwitabira?