Ese wumva ufite ubwoba cyangwa ibyago byo kwandura virusi yitwa VIH? Wenda urimo gutekereza ku buryo ushobora kwandura virusi itera SIDA bitewe n'imibereho yawe, imibanire yawe, cyangwa izindi mpamvu. Niba hari ibyago nk'ibyo, ubu hari uburyo bwiza cyane mu buvuzi bwa none bwo kwirinda. Turimo kubivugaho uyu munsi. Ubwo ni uburyo bwo kuvura bwitwa PrEP.
Mu magambo make, PrEP ni iki?
Izina ryuzuye rya PrEP ni Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis . Reka tubisobanukirwe mu rurimi rwa Sinhala.
- Kwishyira mu kaga mbere yo kwandura virusi bisobanura "mbere yo kwandura". Ni ukuvuga mbere yo kwandura virusi.
- Gukingira indwara bivuze 'ubuvuzi bwo kwirinda indwara'.
Mu magambo make rero, PrEP ni umuti ufatwa mbere y’igihe kugira ngo ukingire virusi itera SIDA mbere yuko yinjira mu mubiri. Ni ingamba z’umutekano mu buvuzi zikoreshwa mu kurinda virusi itera SIDA, kimwe no gukoresha inzitiramibu mu kurinda indwara ya dengue.
None se virusi itera SIDA ni iki?
Nkuko mubizi, virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera indwara) ni virusi yibasira ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wacu, abasirikare barwanya indwara. Iyi virusi yandurira ahanini muri ibi bikurikira:
- Gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye n'umuntu wanduye agakoko gatera SIDA.
- Mu gusangira inshinge zanduye, inshinge, nibindi byakoreshejwe n'umuntu wanduye agakoko gatera SIDA n'undi muntu.
Iyo ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA budakumiriwe, uko igihe kigenda gihita bushobora guhinduka indwara ikomeye yitwa SIDA (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). Iyo SIDA itangiye, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buhita bucika burundu. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa cyane kwirinda kwandura virusi itera SIDA. PrEP ni igikoresho gikomeye cyane kuri ibyo.
Ni nde wemerewe gukoresha PrEP?
Ubu buvuzi ni ubw'abantu badafite ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA ariko bakaba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura virusi itera SIDA. Menya niba uri mu kaga.
- Ese wakora imibonano mpuzabitsina n'umuntu ufite agakoko gatera SIDA?
- Ntuzi neza niba uwo mukorana imibonano mpuzabitsina afite agakoko gatera SIDA cyangwa atarwaye?
- Ese ukoresha ibiyobyabwenge mu gutera inshinge? Cyangwa usangira inshinge n'umuntu ubana n'agakoko gatera SIDA cyangwa utabizi?
- Ese uri umugore uteganya gutwita? Kandi se uri mu kaga ko kwandura agakoko gatera SIDA? Niba ari uko bimeze, PrEP ishobora kukurinda kwanduza umwana wawe agakoko mu gihe utwite no mu gihe wonsa.
Igikuru ni uko PrEP atari umuti uhabwa abantu basanzwe banduye agakoko gatera SIDA. Ni umuti ufatwa n'abantu badafite agakoko gatera SIDA kugira ngo wirinde kwandura.
Ni iki wakora mbere yo gutangira PrEP?
PrEP si umuti ushobora kwinjira muri farumasi ukawugura. Usaba ko muganga aguha imiti.
Iyo ugiye kwa muganga wawe, akenshi azakora ibi bizamini mbere yo kugutangira PrEP:
1. Gupima agakoko gatera SIDA: Mbere yo gutangira PrEP, ugomba kuba wizeye neza 100% ko utanduye agakoko gatera SIDA.
2. Ikizamini cy'imikorere y'impyiko: Kubera ko imiti imwe na imwe ya PrEP ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mpyiko, ubuzima bw'impyiko zawe buzagenzurwa.
3. Gupima izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina: Abantu bafite ibyago byo kwandura virusi itera SIDA bashobora no kugira izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STIs), bityo nabo bagapimwa izo ndwara.
- Hepatite B
- Hepatite C
- Sifilo
- Chlamydia
- Gonorrhea
Nyuma yo gusuzuma ibi byose, niba nta kibazo ufite cyo gukoresha PrEP, muganga wawe azagusaba umuti wa PrEP ukubereye.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa PrEP buboneka muri Sri Lanka no ku isi yose?
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'imiti ya PrEP. Muganga wawe azaguhitiramo ikwiranye nawe.
| Ubwoko bwa PrEP | Ibisobanuro | Ni nde ukwiriye? |
|---|---|---|
| Ibinini bya buri munsi (Oral PrEP) Urugero: Truvada®, Descovy® | Ubu buryo ni bwo bukoreshwa cyane. Ufata ikinini kimwe ku gihe cyagenwe buri munsi. Imiti iri muri ibi binini irinda virusi itera SIDA kwinjira no gukwirakwira mu turemangingo tw'umubiri. | Bikwiriye abantu bose, harimo abagabo, abagore, n'abahinduye igitsina (cyane cyane Truvada®). Ikinini cya Descovy® ubu cyemewe ku bantu biyandikishije nk'abagabo bavutse. |
| PrEP iterwa mu rukingo (ifatwa buri mezi abiri) Urugero: Apretude® | Ubu ni uburyo bwiza ku bantu bibagiwe gufata ibinini byabo bya buri munsi. Kuvura bitangirana n'inshinge ebyiri, ukwezi kumwe gutandukanye. Nyuma y'ibyo, buri mezi abiriUgomba gusa gukingirwa. | Bikwiriye buri wese , harimo abagabo n'abagore. |
Ese hari ingaruka mbi za PrEP?
Kimwe n'indi miti iyo ari yo yose, PrEP ishobora gutera ingaruka mbi nto. Ariko, izi akenshi ziba iz'igihe gito kandi zigashira mu byumweru bike uhereye igihe umuntu atangiye kuvurwa.
| Ubwoko bwa PrEP | Ingaruka mbi zisanzwe | Ingaruka mbi zikomeye zigaragara gake cyane |
|---|---|---|
| Ibinini bya buri munsi | Impiswi, isesemi, kubabara mu gifu, kuribwa umutwe, umunaniro, kugabanya ibiro. | Kwangirika kw'impyiko, kugabanya amagufwa, kwangirika k'umwijima, aside ya lactic. |
| Inkingo | Uretse ingaruka mbi zavuzwe haruguru, hashobora kubaho kubyimba, ububabare, ikibyimba munsi y'uruhu, n'ubushyuhe aho watewe urushinge. | Ingaruka mbi zavuzwe haruguru. |
Niba izi ngaruka mbi zikomeje cyangwa zikaba zikomeye, bwira muganga wawe ako kanya.
PrEP ifite akamaro kangana iki?
Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Iyo ikoreshejwe neza neza nk'uko byavuzwe , PrEP ni uburyo bwiza cyane bwo kwirinda virusi itera SIDA.
- Bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura virusi itera SIDA binyuze mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ku kigero cya 99% .
- Gusangira inshinge bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura virusi itera SIDA ku kigero cya 74% .
Tekereza ukuntu umutekano ari mwinshi.
Ibintu bike ugomba kumenya mugihe ufata PrEP
1. PrEP ntirinda izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STIs)!
Ibi ujye ubyibuka neza. PrEP irinda gusa virusi itera SIDA. Kugira ngo wirinde izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina nka syphilis, gonorrhea, na chlamydia, ugomba gukoresha agakingirizo buri gihe.
2. Ntucikwe n'imiti yawe!
Cyane cyane niba ufata ibinini buri munsi, ugomba kubifata ku gihe, nta munsi n'umwe ubura. Kutabikora bizagabanya imbaraga z'umuti.
3. Hashobora kubaho imikoranire n'indi miti.
Niba ufata imiti y’izindi ndwara (urugero: igicuri, igituntu), menya neza ko wabibwiye muganga wawe. Imiti imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka kuri PrEP.
4. Ibizamini by'ubuvuzi biteganyijwe .
Mu gihe cyose ukoresha PrEP, ugomba kujya kwa muganga nibura rimwe mu mezi 3 kugira ngo apimwe agakoko gatera SIDA n'ibindi bipimo bikenewe.
Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga wanjye?
Niba hari ikintu nk'iki kibaye mu gihe ufata PrEP, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya.
- Niba ukeka ko ushobora kuba waranduye agakoko gatera SIDA (urugero, niba warakoranye imibonano mpuzabitsina mu buryo butekanye nta gakingirizo), ushobora gukenera kujya mu Kigo cyita ku Buvuzi bw’Ibanze (ETU) muri iki gihe.
- Iyo ingaruka mbi zikomeye cyangwa ntizigende neza uko igihe kigenda gihita.
- Iyo ugaragaje ibimenyetso by'indwara y'umwijima, nko kuba uruhu cyangwa amaso bihinduka umuhondo, cyangwa inkari zijimye.
- Niba uhuye n'impinduka mu mutwe nko kwiheba no guhangayika.
- Niba usanze utwite cyangwa wumva ko hari amahirwe yo gutwita.
PrEP ni igikoresho cy'agaciro kanini mu kurwanya virusi itera SIDA. Niba ufite ibyago byo kwandura virusi itera SIDA, ntugire ubwoba cyangwa ngo ugire isoni zo kubikora, vugana na muganga wizeye. Azaguha ubuyobozi bukwiye.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) ni umuti abantu batanduye agakoko gatera SIDA ariko bari mu kaga ko kuyifata bafata mbere y’igihe kugira ngo birinde agakoko.
- Uyu muti ugomba gufatwa gusa ku nama za muganga, kandi ibizamini bya virusi itera SIDA n'ibindi bipimo bigomba gukorwa mbere yo kuwutangira.
- Nubwo PrEP ishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura virusi itera SIDA ku kigero cya 99%, ntabwo irinda izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, nka syphilis na gonorrhea.
- Gukoresha agakingirizo ni itegeko kugira ngo birinde izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.
- Mu gihe ufata PrEP, ni ingenzi cyane kubonana na muganga wawe nibura rimwe mu mezi 3 kugira ngo agusuzumishe buri gihe .
- Niba ubona ko uri mu kaga ko kwandura agakoko gatera SIDA, ntutinye kuvugana na muganga no kumubaza niba PrEP ikubereye.
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