Ese hari amaraso yacitse mu bihaha? Reka twige neza ibijyanye no kuvura indwara y'ibihaha (PE)!

Ese wigeze uhura n'ikibazo cyo guhumeka mu buryo butunguranye kandi ukumva ufite ubwoba gato iyo igituza cyawe kikubabaza? Birashoboka ko watekerezaga ko ari indwara y'umutima. Ariko se wari uzi ko hari impamvu ikomeye itera ibi bimenyetso? Ni ukuzura amaraso mu mitsi ijyana mu bihaha, indwara yitwa Pulmonary Embolism (PE) . Ibi ntabwo ari ibintu bidasanzwe nkuko ushobora kubitekereza. None rero uyu munsi, reka tubiganireho birambuye, mu buryo bworoshye cyane.

Kuziba kw'ibihaha (PE) ni iki?

Muri make, indwara yo mu bihaha ni amaraso afunganye mu mitsi yo mu bihaha byawe. Ese uzi uko ibi bibaho? Amaraso afunganye agakora ahandi mu mubiri wawe, akenshi mu mitsi yo ku kuguru cyangwa ku kuboko kwawe , acikamo amaraso akanyura mu maraso yawe, amaherezo agafata mu bihaha byawe. Tekereza nk'aho amazi afunganye.

Bigenda bite iyo amaraso apfutse mu bihaha gutya?

• Amaraso atembera mu bihaha aragabanywa.
• Urugero rwa ogisijeni mu bihaha ruragabanuka.
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso uriyongera mu mitsi y'ibihaha.

Iyi ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi . Iyo idavuwe vuba, indwara yo mu bihaha ishobora kwangiza umutima cyangwa ibihaha, ndetse rimwe na rimwe igahitana n’urupfu. Mu by’ukuri, bivugwa ko abantu bagera kuri 33% bafite indwara yo mu bihaha bapfa batarasuzumwa no kuvurwa. Urabona rero ukuntu ibi ari bibi, si byo se?

Ariko, iyo indwara igaragaye kandi igavurwa neza kandi vuba, iyi ndwara ntabwo ikunze kwica.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara gute?

Noneho ushobora kwibaza uburyo iyi ndwara (Pulmonary Embolism) ikunze kugaragara. Mu by'ukuri, iyi ni imwe mu ndwara zikunze kugaragara ku mutima no mu mitsi igaragara ku isi yose. Mu by'ukuri, ni yo ndwara ya gatatu ikunze kugaragara nyuma y'indwara z'umutima na stroke. Tekereza gato, mu gihugu nka Amerika honyine, abantu bagera ku 900.000 barwara iyi ndwara (PE) buri mwaka. Rero iki si ikintu twagombye kwirengagiza, si byo se?

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibi?

Ibimenyetso bya mbere by’indwara yo mu bihaha ni ukubura umwuka no kubabara mu gatuza . Ubu bubabare bushobora kwiyongera iyo ukoze imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa uhumeka umwuka mwinshi.

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, ugomba kwihutira gushaka inama kwa muganga. Indwara yo mu bihaha ni indwara ikomeye, ariko ishobora kuvurwa neza. Kuvurwa hakiri kare bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo gupfa.

Ibimenyetso bya embolism y'ibihaha bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'uburemere bw'amaraso apfundikiye. Abantu benshi bafite ibimenyetso, ariko bamwe bashobora kutagira ibimenyetso na gato.

Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi bishobora kugaragara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Guhumeka nabi mu buryo butunguranye - Ibi bishobora kubaho waba uri gukora cyane cyangwa uri kuruhuka.
• Guhumeka vuba.
• Guhumeka ni ijwi ry'umwotsi iyo uhumeka.
• Ububabare bukabije mu gituza, ku kuboko, mu mugongo, ku rutugu, mu ijosi, cyangwa mu rwasaya . Ubu bubabare bushobora kumera nk'ibimenyetso by'indwara y'umutima kandi bushobora kwiyongera iyo uhumeka.
• Inkorora - ishobora kuza hamwe n'ibisebe birimo amaraso.
• Uruhu rwerurutse, ibyuya, uruhu rw'ubururu.
• Umutima utera vuba (Impagarara).
• Kubira ibyuya byinshi.
• Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, hashobora kubaho kubura amahoro, isereri, gucika intege, cyangwa guta ubwenge.

Umuntu ashobora kugira ibi igihe kingana iki adafite ibimenyetso?

Hari abantu bagira ibimenyetso byoroheje cyane mu ntangiriro. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kwiyongera buhoro buhoro mu minsi cyangwa ibyumweru. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibimenyetso bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro bikaza ku bwenge bwawe. Ariko, ku bandi, ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mu minota mike, ndetse n'amasegonda, nyuma yo gucika intege mu bihaha. Bityo rero ugomba kwitonda cyane kuri ibi.

Impamvu ni izihe?

Noneho reka turebe uko ibi (Pulmonary Embolism) bibaho, ni ukuvuga impamvu zibitera. Impamvu nyamukuru ni amaraso apfundika mu mitsi ahandi mu mubiri, cyane cyane mu maguru cyangwa mu maboko, agacika aho, akanyura mu maraso agafata mu bihaha. Iyo amaraso apfundika ahantu nk'amaguru, tuyita (Deep Vein Thrombosis) cyangwa (DVT) .

Hari impamvu nyinshi z'ingenzi zituma amaraso acika:

• Gukusanya cyangwa "gushyira hamwe" amaraso mu gice kimwe cy'umubiri (akenshi ku kuboko cyangwa ku kuguru). Ibi bikunze kubaho nyuma yo kubagwa, nyuma yo kumara igihe kirekire mu buriri, cyangwa nyuma y'urugendo rurerure (mu modoka, gari ya moshi, indege). Tekereza nawe, iyo wicaye mu mwanya umwe amasaha menshi, amaraso mu maguru yawe araziba gato, si byo se? Icyo gihe ni bwo ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso byiyongera.
• Kwangirika k'umuyoboro w'amaraso, urugero, bitewe no kuvunika cyangwa kubagwa (cyane cyane ikibuno, ivi, cyangwa ukuguru).
• Izindi ndwara. Urugero, indwara z'umutima n'imitsi - indwara nka (Kunanirwa k'umutima), (Kubabara mu maraso), indwara z'umutima cyangwa gucika imitsi.
• Impinduka mu mikorere y’amaraso yawe yo kuvura. Ibi bintu bishobora kwiyongera mu bwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa kanseri, cyangwa mu bantu bafata imiti yo gusimbuza imisemburo, cyangwa mu bantu bamwe bafata ibinini byo kuboneza urubyaro. Nanone, abantu bafite ibibazo byo kuvura amaraso baba bari mu kaga.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kugira ibi?

Noneho reka turebe abashobora kurwara iyi ndwara (Pulmonary Embolism), ni ukuvuga abashobora kugira ibyago. Hari ingeso zimwe na zimwe, indwara zimwe na zimwe, cyangwa ibintu bimwe na bimwe byongera iyi ndwara.

• Ku bafite amaraso apfunditse mu kaguru, ni ukuvuga indwara yo mu mitsi itemba cyane (DVT).
• Ku bantu bamara igihe kirekire bahagaze, urugero nko mu gihe bari mu rugendo mu modoka, gari ya moshi, cyangwa mu ndege (urugero: urugendo rurerure rw'imodoka mu gihugu).
• Abaherutse kugira imvune cyangwa kwangirika k'umuyoboro w'amaraso bitewe no kubagwa, kuvunika, cyangwa indwara nk'imitsi iri mu mitsi.
• Abakoresha uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro bushingiye ku misemburo (nk'ibinini byo kuboneza urubyaro, uduce duto, impeta) cyangwa uburyo bwo gusimbuza imisemburo.
• Ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyo kuvura amaraso.
• Ku bafite amateka yo kuvura amaraso mu muryango wabo.
• Ku banywa itabi ubu.
• Ku barwayi ba Diyabete Mellitus.
• Ku barwaye kanseri.
• Ku bantu barengeje imyaka 60.
• Ku bafite amateka yo kunanirwa k'umutima, indwara z'umutima, cyangwa indwara zo mu bwonko.
• Ku bafite BMI irenga imyaka 25, ni ukuvuga umubyibuho ukabije, cyangwa ku bafite BMI irenga 30, ni ukuvuga umubyibuho ukabije.
• Ku bagore batwite cyangwa mu byumweru bitandatu nyuma yo kubyara.
• Ku bantu bafite catheter yo hagati mu mitsi inyuzwa mu mutsi wo ku kuboko cyangwa ku kuguru.

Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bintu bishobora gutera ibyago, kandi ukaba warigeze kugira ikibazo cyo kubyimba kw'amaraso mbere, ni ngombwa cyane kuvugana na muganga wawe no gufata ingamba zo kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya PE.

Ni izihe ngorane ibi bishobora gutera?

Kuvubura kw'ibihaha bishobora gutera ingorane nka:

• Cyanosis - Iyi ni ibara ry'uruhu ry'ubururu, riterwa no kubura umwuka wa ogisijeni.
• Indwara y'umutima.
• Indwara yo mu bwonko (stroke).
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu bihaha - Ibi bivuze kwiyongera k'umuvuduko mu mitsi y'amaraso mu bihaha.
• Gutangara.
• Indwara y'ibihaha - Iyi ni urupfu rw'imitsi y'ibihaha.

Izi ni indwara zikomeye zisaba kuvurwa vuba na bwangu kubera ubumuga bwo mu mutwe.

Ni gute wasuzuma ibi?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'ibi, ni gute muganga cyangwa umuforomo basuzuma indwara yo mu bihaha? Bareba ibimenyetso byawe, ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago, hanyuma bagakora ibizamini bike.

• Gupima amaraso - Muri ibi , ikizamini cya D-dimer ni ingenzi.
• Igipimo cya CT angiogram - Iki ni icyuma cyihariye cya CT scan gisuzuma amaraso mu mitsi y'amaraso yo mu bihaha.
• Gupima amaguru hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya Ultrasound. - Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari indwara yo mu mitsi miremire (DVT) mu maguru. Aha niho agahu gashobora kugera mu bihaha.
• Gupima VQ - Niba udashobora kubona ibikoresho byo gupima itandukaniro bikenewe mu gupima CT, iyi scan ishobora kugaragaza amaraso mu bihaha.
• Impumyi y'amagufwa (pulse ox)- Igikoresho gifata ku rutoki rwawe kandi kigapima urugero rwa ogisijeni.
• Echocardiogram - Isuzuma ry'umutima hakoreshejwe ultrasound.

Uretse ibi, hari n'ibindi bizamini bishobora gukorwa:

• Angiogramu y'ibihaha.
• X-ray yo mu gituza.

Uburyo bwo kuvura? (Ubuvuzi)

Iyi (Pulmonary Embolism) ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi. Ubusanzwe ivurirwa mu bitaro. Indwara yawe ishobora gukurikiranirwa hafi. Igihe uzamara mu bitaro giterwa n’uburemere bw’amaraso yangiritse. Hari igihe abantu bamwe bashobora kudakenera kuguma mu bitaro.

Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura indwara yo mu bihaha ni imiti igabanya amaraso yitwa anticoagulants .

Bitewe n'uburemere bw'amaraso yapfundikiye n'ingaruka zayo ku zindi ngingo, nk'umutima wawe, ushobora kuvurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya thrombolytic (ubuvuzi bwo gushonga kw'amaraso yapfunditse), kubagwa, cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kuvura kugira ngo amaraso atembera neza mu mitsi y'amaraso yo mu bihaha.

Imiti igabanya amaraso mu mubiri

Kenshi na kenshi, ubu buryo butangwa nk'imiti igabanya amaraso, ni ukuvuga imiti igabanya amaraso . Iyi miti ikora mu kugabanya ubushobozi bw'amaraso yawe bwo kubumba. Ibi bibuza amaraso mashya kubumba kandi bikabuza amaraso asanzwe kubumba kwiyongera.

Kimwe n'indi miti iyo ari yo yose, ni ingenzi cyane kumenya neza uburyo n'igihe cyo gufata uyu muti (anticoagulant), no gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe. Ubwoko bw'umuti uhabwa, igihe ugomba kuwufata, n'ibizamini byo gukurikirana ugomba gukora bizaterwa n'uko wabibonye. Rero ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga wawe no muri laboratwari buri munsi. Muri ubwo buryo, bashobora kureba uko witwara ku muti. Mu gihe ufata (anticoagulant), uzakenera kandi gupimwa amaraso buri gihe ( nk'ikizamini cya prothrombin ) kugira ngo urebe uburyo amaraso yawe yihuta.

Amasogisi yo gukanda

Izi ni ubwoko bwihariye bw'amasogisi. Izi sogisi zituma amaraso atembera neza mu maguru. Ushobora kuba warabonye abantu bafite indwara ya Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) bazikoresha. Ugomba kuzikoresha nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse. Izi sogisi akenshi ziba ari amasogisi agera mu mavi. Zifasha kugumisha amaguru yawe neza kandi zikarinda amaraso kwishyira hamwe. Baza muganga wawe uburyo bwo gukoresha izi sogisi, igihe cyo kwambara, n'uburyo bwo kuzimesa no kuzisukura.

Ubundi buryo bwo kuvura (Uburyo)

Niba indwara yo mu bihaha ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, cyangwa niba ubundi buryo bwo kuvura butaragize icyo bugeraho, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kubaga cyangwa gukoresha catheter kugira ngo amaraso agabanuke mu mitsi y'ibihaha. Ubundi buryo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe thrombolytic ni uburyo bwo kuguha "imiti igabanya amaraso mu mitsi" . Urugero niUmuti witwa Tissue Plasminogen Activator (TPA). Uyu muti utangwa mu Ishami ry’Ubutabazi bw’ibanze cyangwa mu cyumba cy’ubuvuzi bw’inyongera (ICU) cy’ibitaro kandi ukurikiranwa witonze. Ubu buvuzi bushobora gutangwa niba umuvuduko w’amaraso yawe uri hasi cyangwa niba indwara yawe idahagaze neza bitewe n’indwara yo mu bihaha.

Hari igihe muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukoresha vena cava filter . Iyi ni ubwoko bw'akayunguruzo gashyirwa mu mutsi munini mu mubiri. Iyo gashyizwemo, amaraso afungana muri aka kayunguruzo mbere yuko kagera mu bihaha.

Ingaruka mbi zo kuvurwa

Kuva amaraso ni imwe mu ngaruka zikomeye z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zo mu bihaha. Niyo mpamvu abaganga bazaguha igipimo gikwiye cy'imiti igabanya amaraso cyangwa imiti igabanya ubukana bw'amaraso mu mubiri wawe. Biroroshye kandi kubakurikirana mu gihe uri mu bitaro.

Nzakira vuba gute nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Uzatangira kumva umeze neza mu cyumweru kimwe uhereye igihe watangiye kuvurwa. Ariko, bishobora gufata amezi, ndetse n'imyaka, kugira ngo ukire neza indwara yo mu bihaha.

Kubera ko iyo imiyoboro y'amaraso mu bihaha izibye, umutima ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo upompe amaraso. Nk'uko umuyoboro w'amazi uzibye bituma moteri yumva iremereye cyane. Kubera iyo mpamvu, nyuma yo gupimwa, bifata amezi menshi kugira ngo kimwe mu byumba by'umutima gisubire mu buryo busanzwe. Ibi bishobora gutuma bigorana gukora cyane nk'uko byari bisanzwe.

Ese ibi bishobora kwirindwa? (Kwirinda)

Yego, ushobora gufasha mu gukumira ibi ku rugero runini. Kugira ngo wirinde indwara yo mu bihaha, kora ibi bikurikira:

• Imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe. Niba udashobora kugenda, shyira amaboko, amaguru n'ibirenge byawe mu minota mike buri saha. Niba uzi ko uzajya wicara cyangwa uhagaze igihe kirekire, ambara amasogisi agabanya amaraso kugira ngo urusheho gutembera neza mu mubiri.
• Nywa amazi menshi, ariko gabanya inzoga na kafeyine.
• Ntugakoreshe ibikomoka ku itabi.
• Ntukarenge amaguru yawe.
• Ntukambare imyenda igufashe.
• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima kuri wewe.
• Komeza amaguru yawe azamuye mu gihe cy'iminota 30 kabiri ku munsi.
• Vugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no kugabanya ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago, cyane cyane niba wowe cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango wawe yigeze kugira ikibazo cyo kubyimba kw'amaraso mbere.
• Vugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye na (Vena cava filter).

Ni iki wakwitega niba ufite PE?

Iyo bitavuwe, indwara yo mu bihaha ni indwara ikomeye cyane ishobora gutera ubumuga buhoraho cyangwa urupfu. Hari abantu bapfa ako kanya nyuma yo kurwara indwara yo mu bihaha, cyangwa mu masaha make. Ibi bishobora kubaho mbere yuko muganga amenya iyo ndwara.

Niba ufite indwara y'umutima cyangwa ibihaha, uba uri mu kaga ko gupfa uzize indwara ya PE. Ariko, bitewe n'uburyo bwo gufata amashusho bwateye imbere, indwara yo mu bihaha yica gusa hagati ya 1% na 3% by'abantu.

Mu kuvura, ibizamini byawe biterwa n'ingano y'amaraso yapfundikiye, kuziba kw'amaraso, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, ndetse n'uburyo umutima wawe ushobora gupompa amaraso.

Ese PE izashira burundu?

Bishobora gufata amezi, ndetse n'imyaka, kugira ngo indwara yo mu bihaha ikemuke burundu. Hari igihe, indwara ya PE isubiramo ishobora gutera indwara idakira yitwa chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) .

Nitwara nte?

Uzakenera gufata imiti igabanya amaraso mu gihe cy'amezi atatu kugeza kuri atandatu, cyangwa se irenzeho. Ntugahagarike kuyifata kugeza igihe muganga wawe azakubwiriye. Mu gihe ufata imiti igabanya amaraso, witondere uko bishoboka kose ibikorwa bishobora gutuma ukomereka kandi ukava amaraso.

Vugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwawe bwo gukurikirana kandi ukurikize inama baguha kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara indi ndwara ya PE. Bashobora kukugira inama nko kureka kunywa itabi, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri myinshi, no guhindura uburyo urya.

Jya kuri buri gahunda uhagarariwe na muganga n'ivuriro kugira ngo urebe uko witwara ku miti yatanzwe.

Niba wumva uhangayitse cyangwa ufite ubwoba nyuma yo gukorerwa imibonano mpuzabitsina, saba muganga wawe kuvugana n'umujyanama. Bizagufasha.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Shaka muganga wawe kugira ngo agukurikirane. Bwira muganga wawe niba intebe yawe ari umukara, ufite umutwe ukomeye, cyangwa ufite igisebe kigenda kirushaho kwiyongera mu gihe ufata imiti igabanya amaraso. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso byo kuva amaraso imbere mu mubiri.

Ni ryari ugomba kujya mu Kigo cyita ku Buvuzi bw’Ingoboka (ETU) ?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bya Pulmonary Embolism (byavuzwe haruguru), shaka ubufasha bwihuse. Ntutinde.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga?

Dore ibibazo bimwe na bimwe ushobora kubaza muganga wawe:

• Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bwo kuvura kuri njye?
• Nkeneye gufata umuti wanditswe n'umuti igihe kingana iki?
• Ikizamini cyanjye gikurikiraho kizaba ryari?

Nyuma yo kurwara indwara yo mu bihaha, ushobora gusanga ubuzima bwawe butazongera kuba nk'uko byari bimeze mbere. Ni ngombwa kubyemera. Abandi bashobora kutamenya ko utinya ko byakongera kubaho. Bityo rero, byaba byiza kuganira ku bwoba bwawe n'itsinda ry'abagufasha cyangwa umujyanama. Rwana ubwoba bwawe kandi ukomeze gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe, harimo no gufata imiti baguha.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Kuziba kw'ibihaha bishobora kubaho mu buryo butunguranye,Ni indwara ikomeye cyane, ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Ariko, iyo umenye ibimenyetso hakiri kare kandi ugashaka ubufasha bwihuse kwa muganga, ushobora gukira neza. Kubwibyo, niba ugize ibimenyetso nko kugorwa no guhumeka cyangwa kubabara mu gatuza, ntukabifate nk'ibintu byoroshye. Shaka muganga ako kanya. Ni ngombwa kandi ko abafite ibyago byo kugerageza kubigabanya. Ubuzima bwawe buri mu maboko yawe!

` Kuziba kw'ibihaha, PE, Kuziba kw'amaraso mu bihaha, Kubura umwuka, Ububabare mu gituza, DVT, Kuziba kw'amaraso, Imiti yo kugabanya amaraso, Imiti igabanya amaraso