Ese nawe ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva? Reka twige ku bijyanye n'(Sensorineural Understanding Loss)!

Ese wigeze ugira ikibazo cyo kumva umuntu avuga? Cyangwa se, wigeze wongera ijwi kuri televiziyo? Bishobora kuba biterwa n'ikibazo cyo mu matwi. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri imwe muri izo ndwara, ari yo `(Sensorineural hearing Loss)` cyangwa `(SNHL)`. Ntugahangayike, tuzabivugaho mu buryo bworoshye.

Gutakaza Ubushobozi bwo Kumva mu Mitsi yo mu Mutwe (Sensorineural hearing Loss) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, `(Sensorineural Hearing Loss)` ni ubumuga bwo kutumva buterwa no kwangirika kw'igice cy'imbere cy'ugutwi kwawe (`(imbere mu gutwi)`) . Tekereza, hari uturemangingo duto tw'umusatsi (`(uduteremangingo tw'umusatsi)`) mu matwi yacu dufata amajwi tukayahindura ibimenyetso ubwonko bushobora kumva. Ibi bikora nka mikoro. Rero, iyo utwo `(uduteremangingo tw'umusatsi)` twangiritse, twumva amajwi make.

Iyi ndwara ishobora guterwa n'umuriro utunguranye, gukomereka mu mutwe, cyangwa kumva urusaku rwinshi, nk'igisasu gituritse. Hari igihe, uku kubura amatwi bishobora kwiyongera buhoro buhoro uko ugenda ukura. Nanone, hari abantu bavukana iyi ndwara.

Iyo ufite SNHL, ushobora kudashobora kumva ibintu bivugiwe mu buryo bworoshye. Ndetse n'iyo wumvise amajwi menshi, ushobora kudashobora kuyumva neza, ndetse ushobora no kumvikana mu ijwi rituje. Ikibabaje ni uko utwo turemangingo tw'umusatsi twangiritse tudashobora kongera kumera cyangwa ngo dukire . Kubwibyo, SNHL akenshi iba indwara ihoraho . Ariko ntugahangayike, ukoresheje ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bwo kumva, ushobora kunoza cyane uburyo wumva kandi ukabaho ubuzima busanzwe.

Ese hari ubwoko bw'ibi?

Yego, hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ingenzi bwa `(Sensorineural Utumva Loss)`. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo:

• `(Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss)`: Ibi bibaho iyo amatwi yawe adafite ubushobozi bwo kumva mu gutwi kumwe gusa .
• `(Uburibwe bwo kumva bw'ingingo zombi)`: Muri ibi, kumva biragorana mu matwi yombi .
• Kubura amatwi kw'amatwi mu buryo bungana: Muri iki gihe, amatwi aba afite ikibazo mu matwi yombi, ariko ugutwi kumwe ni ko kutumva kurusha urundi .
• `(Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva butunguranye)`: Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi . Iki ni igihe utakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva butunguranye mu masaha 72 nyuma yo gukomereka, kurwara, cyangwa kugaragara mu rusaku rwinshi (tekereza ku miringoti y’umuriro mu gihe cy’umwaka mushya, amasasu). Ibi nibibaho, ugomba guhita ubonana na muganga.

Iki kibazo gikunze kugaragara gute?

Kubura ubushobozi bwo kumva, cyane cyane ubwo mu bwoko bw'ubusaza, ni kimwe mu bibazo byo kutumva bikunze kugaragara ku bantu bakuru. Bikunze kugaragara cyane ku bantu bari hagati y'imyaka 50 na 70.

Indwara yo "gutakaza amatwi mu buryo butunguranye" yavuzwe haruguru, bivuze ko umuntu atakaza amatwi mu buryo butunguranye mu minsi mike, ifata abantu bagera kuri umwe kugeza kuri batandatu muri 5.000 buri mwaka. Ibyo bivuze ko ari gake cyane.

Ibimenyetso ni ibihe?

Niba ufite `(Sensorineural hearing Loss)`, reba niba ufite ibi bimenyetso:

• Ese wumva byoroshye kumva ibyo abantu bafite amajwi menshi bavuga kurusha abavuga mu ijwi rirenga?
• Ese biragoye kumva ibivugwa ahantu hahurira abantu benshi kandi harangwa urusaku? Urugero, muri gari ya moshi, muri bisi, cyangwa mu iduka.
• Ese iyo abandi bantu bavuga, wumva bavuga amagambo menshi, ntabwo ari mu buryo busobanutse neza?
• Ese hari ijwi ryo gucuranga (`(tinnitus)`) rituruka mu matwi yawe ?
• Ese iyo abantu benshi baganira, biragoye gukurikirana ikiganiro?
• Ese ibintu wumva bisa n'ibiremereye, bidasobanutse neza, kandi bidafite ishingiro?

Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo akugire inama.

Kuki ibi bibaho? Impamvu ni izihe?

Impamvu nyamukuru itera `(Sensorineural Utumva Gutakaza)` ni ukwangirika k'ugutwi imbere . By'umwihariko, biterwa no kwangirika cyangwa gusenyuka k'uturemangingo duto tw'ubwoya (`(hair cells)`) mu gice cy'ugutwi imbere cyitwa `(cochlea)` gifata amajwi, cyangwa umutsi (`(vestibulocochlear nerve)`) ujyana amajwi mu bwonko.

Hari abantu bavukana iyi ndwara, nko kubura umwuka wa ogisijeni mu gihe umwana akura. Abandi bayirwara mu myaka yabo ya nyuma, bitewe n'indwara zitandukanye, imvune, urusaku rwinshi (urugero, umuntu ukora mu ruganda ahura n'urusaku rw'imashini igihe kirekire), cyangwa bitewe no gusaza bisanzwe.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera ibyago?

Ikintu gishobora gutera ibyago ni ikintu cyongera amahirwe yo kurwara indwara. Hari ibintu byinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku iterambere rya SNHL:

• Acoustic neuroma: Iki ni ikibyimba kitari kanseri gikurira mu gutwi. Gishobora gushyira igitutu ku gutwi imbere no kugira ingaruka ku kumva.
• Gusaza: Uko tugenda dusaza, uturemangingo tw’umusatsi duto turi mu gutwi tugenda ducika intege buhoro buhoro. Ibi ni ibisanzwe.
• Indwara ya Ménière: Iyi ni indwara idakira yo mu matwi ishobora gutera ibimenyetso nko kuzungera mu matwi no kurira mu matwi.
• Imiti imwe n'imwe (`(Ototoxicity)`): Imiti imwe n'imwe (urugero, imiti imwe n'imwe ya kanseri, imiti imwe n'imwe ya antibiyotike) ishobora kwangiza ugutwi imbere nk'ingaruka mbi.
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe (`(Imiterere y'umubiri)`):Indwara zimwe na zimwe, nka diyabete na meningite, zishobora kwangiza urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso rujya mu gutwi cyangwa zigatera kubyimba imitsi ya vestibulocochlear.
• Gukomereka mu bwonko: Gukubitwa cyane ku mutwe bishobora kwangiza ugutwi kw'imbere, kubangamira urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso, no kongera umuvuduko w'amaraso mu gahanga. Ibi byose bishobora gutera SNHL.

Hari igihe abaganga batabasha kubona impamvu nyayo ibitera. Muri bene ibyo bihe, byitwa "idiopathic SNHL".

Ubimenya ute?

Niba ubona ko ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva, ikintu cya mbere ugomba gukora ni ukujya kwa muganga, cyane cyane inzobere mu matwi, amazuru, no mu muhogo (inzobere mu by'amatwi cyangwa abaganga b'indwara zo mu bwonko).

Muganga azabanza gukorakora hafi y'ugutwi kwawe arebe imbere . Hanyuma, azareba imbere mu gutwi kwawe akoresheje igikoresho gito cy'urumuri cyitwa "otoscope." Ibi bishobora gufasha kubona ikintu cyose kidasanzwe kiri mu gutwi kibangamira amatwi yawe.

Byongeye kandi, muganga ashobora kukubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ese gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva kwawe kwabaye mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa buhoro buhoro?
• Niba bigenda buhoro buhoro, ibi byatangiye ryari?
• Ese wumva neza mu gutwi kumwe kurusha ukundi?
• Ese uherutse kurwara? Ese wagize ikibazo mu mutwe?
• Hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite ubumuga bwo kutumva?

Ni ibihe bizamini bikorwa?

Hanyuma, uzakenera inzobere mu by’amatwi (inzobere mu by’amatwi) gukora ibizamini byihariye byo kumva kugira ngo amenye neza uko amatwi yawe ameze. Ibi bizamini bishobora kugufasha kumenya niba ufite SNHL cyangwa ubundi bwoko bw’indwara yo kutumva.

Dore bimwe mu bizamini nk'ibi:

• Ikizamini cya acoustic reflex: Iki kizasuzuma uburyo umutsi muto uri hagati mu gutwi kwawe (imitsi ifatana) ukomera bitewe n'ijwi rirenga.
• Uburyo bwo kumva: Ibi bikubiyemo gushyira utwuma duto ku mutwe wawe, ukatwereka amajwi atandukanye, no gupima uburyo amajwi y'ubwonko bwawe abyitabira.
• Ikizamini cyo kohereza amagufwa: Ibi byohereza amajwi mu gutwi kwawe imbere. Ibi bifasha kumenya ubwoko bw'ububabare bwo kutumva ufite.
• Ibyuka bihumanya ikirere (Otoacoustic emissions): Ibi bipima imitingito ituruka mu gutwi kwawe, ijyanye n'amajwi. Ibi bishobora kwerekana niba hari ikintu kiziba mu gutwi cyangwa niba hari ikibazo cyo kutumva.
• `(Pure-tone audiometry)`: Aha niho umenyera amajwi ushobora kumva ku bunini butandukanye (`(frequencies)` cyangwa amajwi).
• `(Audiometry y'imvugo)`: Ibi bipima uburyo wumva neza amagambo n'uburyo ushobora gusubiramo buhoro ibyo avuga.
• Ibizamini byo gukosora imiterere y'imodoka:Ibizamini nka 'Weber's test' na 'Rinne test'. Ibi bishobora gukorwa n'inzobere mu matwi, amazuru n'umuhogo. Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya niba ufite 'sensorineural' cyangwa 'conductive' kutumva (kubura amatwi guterwa n'ikibazo mu gutwi kw'inyuma cyangwa hagati).
• Tympanometry: Ibi bituma muganga areba uburyo ingoma z'amatwi yawe zigenda neza bitewe n'amajwi.

Hari igihe muganga ashobora gukenera gusuzuma imitsi yo mu gahanga cyangwa gukora ibizamini byo gufata amashusho, nka MRI cyangwa CT scan.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?

Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura indwara yo kutumva mu bwenge. Uburyo bwo kuvura bujyanye n'uburemere bw'indwara yawe n'icyayiteye.

• Utwuma tw’amatwi: Ibi bimeze nk’indangururamajwi nto. Byongera amajwi yo hanze kandi bikakorohereza kumva. Ubu hariho utwuma tw’amatwi twateye imbere cyane, duto, kandi tutagaragara.
• Implants za Cochlear: Izi ni ibikoresho byashyizwemo hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rituma habaho inzira nshya y'amajwi yo kugera mu bwonko, binyura mu gutwi kwangiritse imbere. Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane ku bantu bafite ikibazo gikomeye cyo kutumva.
• Imiti: Niba SNHL yawe iterwa no kubyimba mu matwi cyangwa indi ndwara, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti nka corticosteroids.
• Utwuma tw’amatwi dufatanye n’amagufwa (BAHA): Ibi kandi bishyirwa mu igufwa ry’agahanga. Bitanga ijwi mu gutwi imbere binyuze mu kuzunguruka. Bishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane cyane ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyo kutumva kw’amatwi ku ruhande rumwe.
• Gukurikirana mu buryo bwimbitse: Hari igihe, cyane cyane niba SNHL yawe idakabije cyane, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo "gutegereza witonze." Ibi bivuze ko ugomba kwitegereza iyo ndwara nta kuvurwa.

Ni iki cyizere cyo gukira? (Icyizere)

Muri rusange, ubushobozi bwo gukira indwara ya SNHL buterwa n'impamvu nyamukuru n'uburemere bw'indwara yo kutumva. Kenshi na kenshi, SNHL ni indwara ihoraho. Ni ukuvuga ko bigoye kuyikira burundu.

Ariko ntucike intege! Ushobora kunoza cyane uburyo wumva ukoresheje ibikoresho by'ubuhanga mu kumva cyangwa ibikoresho bya cochlear, bigatuma wishimira ubuzima udacitswe n'isi ikukikije.

Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva gitunguranye, ni ngombwa gushaka abaganga vuba bishoboka . Uko utangira kuvurwa vuba, niko amahirwe yawe yo kubona umusaruro mwiza aba menshi.

Ese ibi bishobora kwirindwa?

Mu by'ukuri, SNHL ntishobora kwirindwa buri gihe. Iterwa kandi n'ibintu tudashobora kugenzura, nko gusaza. Ariko, hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara indwara:

• Niba ufata imiti iyo ari yo yose, vugana na muganga wawe ku ngaruka zayo . Imiti imwe ishobora kwangiza amatwi.
• Suzuma uburyo wumva buri gihe kugira ngo ubashe kumenya ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose vuba.
• Koresha utumashini two guterura amatwi cyangwa utumashini two guterura amatwi iyo uri ahantu havugwa urusaku. Urugero, mu bitaramo, aho bubaka, cyangwa mu gihe ukora mu nganda. Wibuke ko gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva bitewe n'urusaku rwinshi bishobora kwirindwa 100%!

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, jya kwa muganga nta kabuza:

• Niba wumva umeze nk'ufite isereri (`(vertigo)`) cyangwa ufite ikibazo mu kuringaniza kwawe (`(kuringaniza)`) .
• Niba udashobora kumva ibintu neza ahantu hari urusaku, cyangwa iyo abantu benshi bavugira icyarimwe, cyangwa niba bigoye kubyumva.
• Niba ufite ijwi riturika (`(tinnitus)`) mu matwi yawe.
• Niba ushaka kongera ijwi kuri televiziyo cyangwa radiyo kurusha mbere.
• Niba ubonye impinduka nini mu kumva kwawe .

Ni ibihe bibazo ugomba kubaza muganga?

Niba usanzwe urwaye SNHL, ni byiza kubaza muganga wawe ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ni iyihe mpamvu yatumye ndushaho kumva neza?
• Ese hari amahirwe ko kumva kwanjye bizagenda neza mu buryo bwikora?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura mfite?
• Ni ibihe bisubizo nshobora kwitega muri ubwo buvuzi?
• Ni kangahe nkwiye kongera kuza kugusura (`(gukurikiraho gusura)`)?

Kubaho n'indwara yo kubura amatwi mu bwenge (SNHL) bishobora kugorana. Amajwi wakundaga ashobora kuba atakigaragara neza nk'uko byari bimeze mbere. Ni ibisanzwe kumva ubabaye, uhangayitse, kandi ufite ubwoba kuri ibi, cyane cyane iyo wibaza niba kumva kwawe kuzigera kumera neza. Ariko ntucike intege. Uburyo bwo kuvura nk'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bwo kumva n'ibikoresho bya cochlear bushobora kugufasha kumva neza no gukomeza kugirana isano n'isi. Niba utekereza ko wowe cyangwa umuntu ukunda ashobora kuba afite SNHL, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga.

Ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Sawa, reka rero twibutse bimwe mu bintu twavuzeho ugomba kwibuka.

• Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva (SNHL) ni ubwoko bw'ubuhumekero bwo kumva bukunze kubaho burundu kandi buterwa no kwangirika kw'uturemangingo tw'ubwoya two mu gutwi imbere.
• Ibi bishobora guterwa no gusaza, urusaku rwinshi, indwara zimwe na zimwe, imvune, n'imiti imwe n'imwe.
• Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo gucurama mu matwi (tinnitus), kugorwa no kumva neza, no kugorwa no kumva ahantu hari urusaku.
• `(SNHL itunguranye)` ni indwara yihutirwa aho uhita utakaza ubushobozi bwo kutumva. Ibi nibibaho, ugomba guhita ubonana na muganga.
• Uburyo bwo kumva bushobora kunozwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuvura nk'ibikoresho by'ubufasha bwo kumva n'ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa cochlear.
• Kurinda amatwi yawe urusaku rwinshi bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara SNHL.

Niba rero ufite gushidikanya gato ku bijyanye n'uko wumva, ntukirengagize. Shaka inama kwa muganga ako kanya. Icyo ni cyo kintu cyiza ushobora gukora.

Kubura amatwi, SNHL , indwara z'amatwi, ubufasha bwo kumva, implant ya cochlear, tinnitus