Ushobora kuba wibuka ikiganiro cy'ibishushanyo mbonera 'Sesame Street' twakunze kuva tukiri bato. Iki kiganiro, cyatwigishije ibintu byinshi byiza nk'inyuguti, imibare, ubucuti, no gufashanya, ubu cyatangiye kuvuga ku kintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Ni ukuvuga ku ndwara yitwa autisme . Kubera iyo mpamvu, banashyize ahagaragara umukinnyi mushya w'igipupe witwa 'Julia'. Julia ni inshuti nto nziza cyane ifite autisme.
Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Kuko nubwo abantu benshi bumvise ijambo 'autisme' muri iyi minsi, bashobora kuba batazi neza icyo ari cyo. Bityo rero binyuze mu mico ya Julia, 'Sesame Street' igerageza gutuma buri wese, cyane cyane abandi bana bato, yumva imyitwarire y'umwana ufite autisme n'uko abona isi.
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None se, autism ni iki mu by'ukuri?
Mu magambo make, autisme si indwara cyangwa ngo ibe indwara yandura. Ni indwara iterwa n'impinduka mu mikurire y'ubwonko bw'umwana . Mu buvuzi, ibi tubyita 'indwara y'imitsi'. Kubera iyo mpamvu, uburyo aba bana bumva amakuru, baganira n'abandi, ndetse n'imyitwarire yabo bushobora kuba butandukanye gato n'ubw'umwana usanzwe.
Igikuru ni uko autism atari indwara ikwiranye na byose. Nanone tuyita ' spectrum '. Ibi bivuze ko bamwe mu bana bashobora kugira ibimenyetso bito cyane. Abandi bashobora kugira ibimenyetso byinshi muri ibyo. Kimwe n'amabara y'umukororombya, ubushobozi n'ibibazo by'abo bana biratandukanye.
Indwara ya Autism si ikosa ry'umwana cyangwa inenge mu burezi bwe. Ni uburyo butandukanye kandi bwihariye bwo kubona no kwibonera isi.
Mu kiganiro 'Sesame Street', ubwo Big Bird yazaga akavugana na Julia, Julia ntiyahise asubiza. Hanyuma Elmo aravuga ati: "Uwo Julia ntabwo akurakariye. Afite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, bityo bimufata igihe kugira ngo asubize ibintu bimwe na bimwe." Ibi bitwigisha ikintu cy'ingenzi. Ubwo ni ukwihangana no gusobanukirwa.
Ni ibihe bintu bisanzwe biranga umwana ufite autisme?
Indwara ya autisme igomba gusuzumwa gusa n'umuganga w'inzobere . Ariko, nk'umubyeyi, ni ngombwa kumenya ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bishobora kuguhangayikisha. Ntugatekereze ko umwana wawe afite autisme kubera ko kimwe cyangwa bibiri muri ibi bimenyetso bihari. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi, ni ngombwa gushaka inama kwa muganga .
| Ahantu ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara | Ingero zigaragara |
|---|---|
| Imibanire n'abandi n'itumanaho |
|
| Imyitwarire n'ibyo umuntu akunda |
Bite se niba umwana wanjye na we afite ibi bimenyetso?
Niba ukeka ko umwana wawe afite iyi ndwara, ni ngombwa kudatinya . Ikintu cyiza wakora ni ukubonana na muganga w’umuryango wawe cyangwa umujyanama mu by’abana . Bazasuzuma umwana wawe hanyuma bamwohereze ku bandi bahanga (urugero: abaganga b’imyitwarire, abahanga mu by’imivugire) nibiba ngombwa.
Wibuke ko uko bigaragaye kare, ari na ko umwana ashobora guhabwa ubufasha n'ubuvuzi bikenewe vuba kugira ngo akure ubushobozi bwe .
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Stacey Gordon, umukinnyi w’ibipupe ukinira Julia, na we ni nyina w’umuhungu ufite autisme. Inkuru ye irakora ku mutima cyane. "Iyo imyitwarire y’umuhungu wanjye, inshuti ze zari zarabonye umukinnyi nka Julia kuri televiziyo mbere yuko zimubona mu ishuri, ntizari kumutinya. Ntizarakazwa n’uko arira. Bari kumva ko akina mu buryo butandukanye kandi nta kibazo."
Dushobora kwigira byinshi muri iyi nkuru. Niba hari umwana ufite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe mu gace dutuyemo, ku ishuri, cyangwa mu gace dutuyemo, dushobora kugufasha muri ibi bikurikira:
- Gira kwihangana kandi ubyumve: Basubize, bishobora gufata igihe kugira ngo basobanukirwe ibintu. Emera ibyo.
- Ntugacire urubanza: Ntugacire urubanza umwana cyangwa ababyeyi ukurikije imyitwarire yabo. Iyo myitwarire ni imwe mu miterere yabo, si ingeso mbi.
- Vuga mu buryo bworoshye: Mu gihe uganira na bo, koresha interuro ngufi kandi zoroshye. Ntutange amabwiriza menshi icyarimwe.
- Ba intwari: Ni ikibazo gikomeye ku babyeyi bafite umwana ufite autisme. Aho kubashinja, ubabaza uti "Murashaka ko bibaho iki?" bishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane.
- Kubaha itandukaniro: Si abantu bose bameze kimwe. Ishimire ubushobozi bwabo bwihariye.
Kuvuga ku ngingo nk'iyi muri gahunda nka 'Sesame Street' ni uburyo bwiza bwo kuzamura ubukangurambaga muri sosiyete no gushyiraho ahantu abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe badahezwa ahubwo bemerwa n'urukundo.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ubwenge bwo mu mutwe si indwara, ahubwo ni indwara iterwa n'impinduka mu mikurire y'ubwonko zigira ingaruka ku itumanaho n'imyitwarire.
- Ibi ni nk'aho ari 'spectrum', bivuze ko bitagira ingaruka ku mwana wese mu buryo bumwe.
- Niba ufite gushidikanya cyangwa ibibazo ku mikurire y'umwana wawe, ntugatinye ahubwo uganire na muganga wawe kugira ngo akugire inama.
- Ukwihangana kwacu, kumva no gushyigikira ni ingenzi cyane ku bana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe n'imiryango yabo.
- Ni inshingano zacu gushinga umuryango usobanukiwe ibitandukanye kandi wubaha buri wese.
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