Wigeze wumva iby'amabuye y'impyiko? Iki ni ikibazo gikunze kugaragara kuri bamwe. Ariko uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku bwoko bwihariye bw'amabuye y'impyiko. Iri zina ryitwa Staghorn Calculus . Izina risa n'aho ritangaje gato, si byo se? "Staghorn" bivuga amahembe y'impala. Aya mabuye yahawe izina ryayo kuko akura mu mpyiko agakwirakwira nk'amahembe y'impala. Ushobora kandi kuyatekereza nk'amabuye y'amakorali mu nyanja.

Staghorn Calculus ni iki?

Mu magambo make, staghorn calculus ni ubwoko bw'ibuye ry'impyiko (calculus bivuga ibuye). Ariko iri ntabwo rimeze nk'andi mabuye mato asanzwe. Rishobora gukura rinini, rigakura, rigakwirakwira mu muyoboro munini (impyiko) no mu miyoboro mito (calyces) ikusanya inkari mu mpyiko . Tekereza ko impyiko iramutse imeze nk'uruganda rukora inkari, iri buye ryaba nk'uruziga runini mu nzira y'urwo ruganda.

Impamvu nyamukuru y’aya mabuye ni indwara zikunze kugaragara mu nzira y’inkari (UTIs) . Amabuye avuka bitewe n’izo ndwara akenshi akorwa mu kinyabutabire cyitwa struvite . Iyi ni uruvange rwa manyeziyumu, fosifate, na ammonium. Hari igihe ibuye rito rishobora gukura uko igihe kigenda gihita rigahinduka ibuye rya staghorn nk’iri. Iyo bibaye, ashobora kubaho iyo struvite ivanze na fosifate ya calcium, oxalate ya calcium , cyangwa apatite ya calcium carbonate.

Ubusanzwe, ubwoko bw'ibuye bukora mu mpyiko imwe gusa. Ariko, ni gake cyane, iyi ndwara ishobora kugaragara mu mpyiko zombi. Aya mabuye ashobora guteza ikibazo gikomeye mu mikorere y'impyiko, ndetse ashobora no gutuma impyiko zinanirwa gukora neza .

Ni nde ushobora guhinga cyane muri izi 'mabuye y'impongo z'impala'?

Hari abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara aya mabuye ya staghorn. Reka turebe abo ari bo:

• Ku bagore: Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara ku bagore kurusha ku bagabo.
• Ku bantu bakunze kwandura indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari (UTIs): Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, iyi ni yo mpamvu ikomeye.
• Ku bafite imiterere idasanzwe cyangwa impinduka mu buryo bw'inkari: Iyo hari intege nke mu gutembera kw'inkari, biroroha kurema amabuye.
• Ku bafite imvune mu mugongo.
• Ku bafite uruhago ruterwa n'imitsi: Ibi bivuga ku bafite imikorere mibi y'uruhago bitewe n'ibyangiritse by'imitsi.

Ni gute amabuye ya staghorn agira ingaruka ku mibiri yacu?

Aya mabuye ya staghorn ashobora gutuma impyiko zifunga burundu cyangwa igice cyazo. Tekereza nk'ikintu kinini gifunga umuyoboro w'amazi. Amashami y'iri buye agera mu kibuno cy'impyiko , igice kimeze nk'umuyoboro w'impyiko gikusanya inkari. Kuva aho, inkari,Ijya mu ruhago inyuze mu miyoboro ibiri mito yitwa ureters. Rero iyo ikibuno cy'impyiko cyangwa ureter bizibye, impyiko zitangira kubyimba.

Nanone, aya mabuye ashobora kuziba impyiko , aho inkari zitangira guterana. Iyo impyiko zibyimbye bitewe n'amazi menshi, byitwa caliectasis . Iyo ibi bidavuwe neza, impyiko zishobora kwangirika.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibi?

Niba ufite ibuye rya staghorn mu mpyiko, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Umuriro.
• Ububabare bwo ku ruhande hagati y'imbavu n'ikibuno. Ibi bishobora no kumvikana nk'ububabare bw'umugongo.
• Amaraso mu nkari (hematuria). Inkari zishobora guhinduka umutuku cyangwa ibara ry'umukara wijimye.
• Amabyi arimo inkari (pyuria). Inkari zishobora kuba zifite ibicu, zisa n'amata, kandi zishobora kuba zifite impumuro mbi.
• Kumva unaniwe cyane.

Hari igihe aya mabuye manini ashobora kuboneka ariko nta kimenyetso na kimwe agaragare . Icyo ni cyo kintu giteje akaga cyane. Aya mabuye ashobora kuboneka ku bw'impanuka mu gihe cy'ikizamini cyakozwe ku yindi mpamvu.

Kuki amabuye amera nk'aya? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, indwara zikunze kugaragara mu nzira y'inkari (UTI) ni zo zitera indwara. By'umwihariko, ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa bagiteri zigira indwara zikora enzyme yitwa urease . Urugero, bagiteri yitwa Proteus mirabilis . Iyi enzyme igabanya aside (pH) mu nkari zawe, bivuze ko ziba alkaline nyinshi. Hanyuma, kristu zikora, zigaterana zigatangira gukora amabuye mu mpyiko.

Hariho n'izindi mpamvu:

• Itandukaniro mu miterere y'umubiri: Hari abantu bakunze kurwara amabuye bitewe n'itandukaniro runaka bavukana mu miterere y'inkari zabo.
• Kuziba inzira y'inkari.
• Gukoresha catheter y'inkari igihe kirekire.
• Niba warigeze kubazwa uburyo bwo kugabanya inkari.
• Indwara y'uruhago iterwa n'imitsi.
• Kugira amabuye y'impyiko amaze igihe kinini adavurwa. Amabuye mato ashobora gukura akaba menshi bigatuma iyi ndwara itera.

Abaganga babibona bate?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso, muganga azabanza kukubaza ibibazo no kugukorera isuzuma ry’umubiri. Hanyuma bashobora gutumiza ibizamini nka:

• Gusuzuma impyiko hakoreshejwe X-ray: Amabuye ya Staghorn akenshi aba ari radiopaque . Ibi bivuze ko aya mabuye adatuma X-ray ibona neza bityo akagaragara neza ku ishusho ya X-ray.
• Ikizamini cya CT Scan (Computed Tomography - CT scan):Ibi bidufasha kubona neza ingano, imiterere n'aho ibuye riherereye. Akenshi, isuzuma rya CT rikorwa iyo hakekwa ibuye rya staghorn.
• Ibizamini by'inkari: Reba niba nta bwandu, amaraso, cyangwa amashyira.

Ivurwa ite?

Kuvura amabuye ya staghorn akenshi bisaba kubagwa . Ibuye rigomba gukurwaho burundu, ndetse n'uduce duto. Bitabaye ibyo, utwo duce duto dushobora gutera ubwandu no kuvuka kw'utundi duce dushya.

Icy'ingenzi: Amabuye ya Staghorn ni indwara ishobora kwangiza impyiko, bityo niba muganga agusabye kuvurwa, ni byiza kubikora vuba.

Hari uburyo bwinshi bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura bukoreshwa:

1. Nephrolithotomy yo mu ruhu (PCNL)

Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa mu kubaga kugira ngo haveho amabuye ya staghorn. PCNL ni uburyo bukuraho amabuye manini mu mpyiko, amabuye manini cyane ku buryo atabasha kuyanyura mu nkari.

• Bikorwa bite?: Umuganga ubaga agukomeretsa gato mu mugongo, hafi y'impyiko yawe. Umuyoboro muto ushyirwa by'agateganyo unyuze mu gisebe ujya mu mpyiko yawe. Hanyuma, igikoresho cyihariye gifite kamera cyitwa nephroscope gishyirwa mu muyoboro kugira ngo haboneke ibuye hanyuma rikamenekemo ibice cyangwa rikavanwaho burundu.
• Anesthesia: Uku kubagwa gukorwa hifashishijwe anesthesia rusange .
• Kuguma mu bitaro: Ubusanzwe uzamara mu bitaro umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Hari igihe umuyoboro muto w'amazi ushobora gusigara mu mwanya wawo iminsi mike kugeza igihe impyiko ikize. Ariko, akenshi, stent yo mu muyoboro w'inkari , umuyoboro muto uguma mu mubiri, ishyirwa mu mwanya wayo.

2. Istent yo mu muyoboro w'inkari ni iki?

Ushobora kuba warumvise iby’"kubaga imiyoboro idafite imiyoboro," bivuze ko umuyoboro w’amazi usigara inyuma nyuma yo kubagwa na PCNL. Ariko, stent iracyashobora gushyirwamo.

Istent yo mu muyoboro w'inkari ni umuyoboro muto wa plastiki ushyirwa by'agateganyo muri ureter , umuyoboro utwara inkari ziva mu mpyiko zijya mu ruhago. Ushyirwamo:

• Niba impyiko yawe yazibye, byaba bitewe n'ibuye cyangwa ikindi kintu cyayizibye, fasha kuyikuraho.
• Nyuma yo kubagwa, ureter igomba kuguma ifunguye kugira ngo inkari zitembera neza.

Iyi stent ikunze gukurwaho mu byumweru bike.

3. Uburyo bwo kuvura ureteroskopiya

Uburyo bwo gupima ureteroscopy ni uburyo umuganga ubaga yinjira mu miyoboro y'inkari , imiyoboro ihuza impyiko n'uruhago. Ibi kandi bikoresha ibikoresho bito cyane. Ibi byitwa ureterorenoscopy.Ushobora kandi kumva URS cyangwa U-scope .

Ubwoko bwihariye bw'ibi ni flexible ureteroscopy , izwi kandi nka retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) . Ibi bikubiyemo gushyira ibikoresho mu muyoboro w'inkari nta gukata no mu mpyiko kugira ngo havurwe amabuye. Ubu buryo busanzwe bukoreshwa ku mabuye mato cyangwa ku duce duto dusigaye nyuma ya PCNL. PCNL ni yo nkingi y'amabuye ya staghorn.

4. Ubundi buryo bwa Lithotripsy

Hari ubundi buryo bwo gusya amabuye. Urugero, uburyo bwa laser nka Holmium laser lithotripsy cyangwa Thulium fiber laser lithotripsy bushobora gukoreshwa mu kumena amabuye. Ubu buryo bushobora gukoreshwa hamwe na PCNL cyangwa Ureteroscopy.

5. Uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe uburyo buvanze

Hari igihe uburyo bumwe bwo kuvura bushobora kudashobora gukuraho burundu ibuye. Muri icyo gihe, hashobora kuba ngombwa ko habaho uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura hamwe.

Menya: Uburyo bwose bwo kuvura bufite ingaruka zimwe na zimwe. Uduce duto tw'amabuye dushobora gusigara. Hashobora kubaho kuva amaraso. Nyuma yo kubagwa, muganga wawe azaguha imiti yica udukoko n'imiti igabanya ububabare. Hari kandi ibyago byo kwandura kuko inkari zidasukuye.

Nagabanya nte ibyago byo kongera kugaragara kw'aya mabuye nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Nyuma yo gukuraho ibuye, ushobora kugerageza kuribuza kongera gukora. Ibintu bikurikira bishobora gufasha:

• Gukurikiza inama z’imirire zihariye zatanzwe na muganga wawe: Muganga wawe azakubwira ibyo ugomba kurya n’ibyo utagomba kurya bitewe n’ubwoko bw’ibuye. Urugero, ashobora kukubwira kunywa amazi menshi.
• Gufata imiti igabanya urease nka aside acetohydroxamic : Iyi miti itangwa gake cyane cyane ku bantu barema amabuye ya struvite, kugira ngo ihagarike enzyme ya urease.
• Gufata imiti yica udukoko kugira ngo wirinde kwandura: Niba ukunze kugira indwara zo mu nkari, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukomeza gufata imiti yica udukoko ku gipimo gito.

Bigenda bite iyo ufite ibuye rya staghorn? Bigenda bite iyo ritavuwe?

Niba ufite ibuye rya staghorn kandi ukavurwa neza , uzabasha kunyara neza kandi ububabare buzashira. Ushobora kongera kurwara ibuye cyangwa ntuzongere kurirwara. Riratandukanye bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi.

Ariko, iyo ibuye rya staghorn ritavuwe , rishobora gutera indwara zikomeye nka:

• Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: Iyi ni indwara ikomeye y'impyiko. Ishobora gutera sepsis.Indwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga ishobora gukwirakwira mu mubiri wose.
• Kaliketsi: Kubyimba kwa kalikesi z'impyiko bitewe no kubika amazi mu mubiri.
• Kunanirwa kw'impyiko: Impyiko zitakaza ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura imyanda. Ibi bishobora kwica.
• Urosepsis: Indwara ikomeye y'inkari. Ibi bishobora no kwica.

Ariko, iyo hari abantu bari mu mimerere aho kubagwa bidashoboka (kubera imyaka cyangwa izindi ndwara), bashobora kubaho badafite ubuvuzi bwo kubaga (conservative management) bakurikiranwa buri gihe na muganga.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire?

Igihe cyo gukira kiratandukanye bitewe n'ubuvuzi. Niba warakorewe kubagwa cyane, bizatwara igihe kirekire kugira ngo ukire. Ariko, hamwe n'uburyo budakunze gukoreshwa nka PCNL, ushobora gutaha uwo munsi. Muganga wawe azakubwira igihe ushobora gusubira ku kazi, ku ishuri no mu mirimo yo kwiteza imbere.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Nyuma yo kuvura ibuye rya staghorn, gana muganga cyangwa ujye kwa muganga vuba niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso:

• Niba ufite umuriro urenze dogere 100 za Fahrenheit (hafi selisiyusi 37.8).
• Niba wumva ubukonje kandi uhinda umushyitsi (ubukonje/gutitira).
• Iyo kuva amaraso bidahagaze cyangwa ngo byiyongere.
• Niba ububabare butagabanutse cyangwa ngo bwiyongere.
• Niba udashobora kunyara.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Amabuye ya Staghorn, kimwe n'andi mabuye y'impyiko, ashobora kubabaza gato kandi akababara. Ariko ntugahangayike. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusuzuma akaguha igisubizo cyiza. Akenshi, icyo gisubizo gishobora kuba ukubagwa. Ni ngombwa kuvura amabuye ya staghorn niba bishoboka kugira ngo hirindwe ko impyiko zikora nabi.

Kurikiza neza indyo ya muganga wawe, imyitozo ngororamubiri, n'andi mabwiriza. Hanyuma ushobora gukira vuba kandi ugakomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza. Urabyumva? Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, ntugatinye kubaza muganga wawe.

Amabuye mu mpyiko, staghorn calculi, indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari, PCNL, kubagwa impyiko, indwara z'impyiko, uturemangingo tw'inkari