Ese nawe uhita ucika intege ukagwa? (Syncope) - Reka tubiganireho!

Ese wigeze ubona umuntu acika intege mu buryo butunguranye? Cyangwa se byarakubayeho? Tekereza umwana acika intege mu gihe cy'inama ya mugitondo ku ishuri, cyangwa umuntu acika intege mu buryo butunguranye ari mu murongo. Ibi biteye ubwoba gato. Twebwe abaganga tubyita syncope . Mu magambo make, ibi ni ukunanirwa, cyangwa guta ubwenge. Reka tubiganireho birambuye uyu munsi, si byo se?

Syncope ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Muri make, syncope ni ukugabanuka gutunguranye kandi kw'igihe gito k'amaraso atembera mu bwonko bwawe. Ibi bibaho iyo ducitse intege cyangwa tugatakaza ubwenge. Akenshi, biterwa n'ikintu gito kandi cy'igihe gito.

Ushobora:

• Niba umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe ugabanutse mu buryo butunguranye.
• Niba umutima wawe utera buhoro buhoro.
• Niba hari impinduka mu mubare w'amaraso mu bice bitandukanye by'umubiri wawe.

Iyo ucitse intege, uzongera kugira ubwenge mu masegonda cyangwa iminota mike. Ariko, ushobora kumva umeze nk'uzumva unaniwe igihe gito nyuma y'aho. Bishobora gufata iminota cyangwa amasaha kugira ngo ukire neza.

Ariko, iyi ndwara yitwa syncope rimwe na rimwe ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye kurushaho. Kubwibyo, iyo unaniwe, ni ngombwa cyane kubonana na muganga kugira ngo umenye impamvu kandi ubone ubuvuzi. Abantu benshi bashobora kugenzura iyi ndwara iyo basuzumwe neza kandi bagahabwa ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa syncope?

Yego, hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa syncope . Reka turebe ibyo ari byo:

• Kuvanga kwa Vasovagal: Nanone byitwa neurocardiogenic syncope , ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane bwa syncope. Bugira hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'abantu bose bagwa igihumure.
• Syncope y'ibihe: Iyi nayo ni ubwoko bwa syncope ya vasovagal, nk'uko byasobanuwe haruguru. Ni ukuvuga ko bibaho gusa mu bihe runaka.
• Kudahuza kw'inyuma cyangwa imiterere y'umubiri: Nanone byitwa hypotension y'inyuma , iyi ni indwara ibaho iyo uhinduye imiterere (urugero, iyo ubyutse mu buryo butunguranye uryamye ku buriri).
• Kudakora neza k'umutima: Ibi bibaho iyo amaraso ajya mu bwonko agabanutse bitewe n'ikibazo cy'umutima cyangwa imiyoboro y'amaraso.
• Kudahuza kw'imitsi: Ibi bishobora guterwa n'indwara y'imitsi.
• Indwara ya Tachycardia yo mu myanya y'inyuma (Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome) (POTS):Ikibaho muri ibi ni uko umutima utera cyane iyo uhagaze wicaye cyangwa uryamye.
• Kunanirwa kw'umutima bitewe n'impamvu itazwi: Hari igihe bigoye kumenya impamvu nyayo itera gucika intege.

Ibi ni ibisanzwe gute?

Indwara yo kubura igitsina (syncope) ni indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane. Ifata abagabo bagera kuri 3% na 3.5% mu buzima bwabo. Igenda igaragara uko imyaka igenda ishira, ifata abantu bagera kuri 6% barengeje imyaka 75. Ishobora kubaho mu myaka iyo ari yo yose, ku bantu bafite cyangwa badafite izindi ndwara.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso wumva mbere yo gucika intege?

Akenshi, mbere yo gucika intege, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Kumva amaso asa n'aho arimo guhinduka ubururu (umukara).
• Kumva ufite isereri, umeze nk'ufite umutwe uremereye.
• Gukururwa hasi nta mpamvu.
• Kumva usinziriye cyangwa ubabaye.
• Kumva ufite umunaniro, cyane cyane nyuma yo kurya cyangwa gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Kumva udakomeye cyangwa ufite intege nke iyo uhagaze cyangwa ugenda.
• Guhinduka kw'amaso - nko kubona utudomo imbere y'amaso, cyangwa kureba mu mwobo (nk'ureba mu muyoboro).
• Umutwe.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba ukunze kugira ibi bimenyetso, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga.

Kuki twumva tunaniwe cyane? (Impamvu ni izihe?)

Impamvu nyamukuru itera gucika intege ni ukudashyira amaraso ahagije mu bwonko. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'impamvu zitandukanye, harimo n'ubwoko bwa syncope twavuze mbere. Abantu benshi bashobora kuba bafite ikibazo cy'uburwayi kigira ingaruka ku mitsi cyangwa umutima wabo batazi. Cyangwa, ushobora kuba ufite ikibazo kigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amaraso mu mubiri wawe, bigatuma umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe ugabanuka iyo uhinduye imiterere (urugero, iyo uhagaze uryamye).

Impamvu zitera Vasovagal Syncope

Ibi bibaho kubera ko umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe ugabanuka mu buryo butunguranye, bigabanura ingano y'amaraso ajya mu bwonko bwawe. Ibi bikunze kubaho nyuma yo guhagarara igihe gito, cyangwa iyo uhuye n'imihangayiko myinshi, agahinda, cyangwa ubwoba. Tekereza, uhagaze ku zuba igihe kirekire mu cyumba kinini cy'ishuri ryawe mu nama ya mugitondo, hanyuma ukumva uzumva umeze nk'uzumva unaniwe. Ubusanzwe, iyo duhagaze, imbaraga rukuruzi zituma amaraso yacu yirundanya mu bice byo hasi by'umubiri wacu, munsi ya diaphragm . Iyo ibi bibaye, umutima wacu n'imitsi yacu ikora hamwe kugira ngo umuvuduko w'amaraso wacu uhore uhamye.

Ariko, iyi ni vasovagal syncope.Muri iki kibazo, umuvuduko w'umutima wawe n'umuvuduko w'amaraso bigabanuka cyane mu buryo butunguranye, bishobora gutuma amaraso atembera mu bwonko, bigatera gucika intege. Akenshi, ibi ntabwo ari akaga.

Impamvu zo Kudahuza Ibihe Bisanzwe

Ibi bibaho gusa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe aho uturemangingo tw’imitsi yawe twangiritse maze ugahita uta ubwenge. Bimwe muri ibyo bihe birimo:

• Kubura amazi mu mubiri.
• Guhangayika cyane mu byiyumvo, agahinda, imihangayiko.
• Ubwoba.
• Ububabare bukomeye.
• Inzara.
• Gukoresha inzoga cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge.
• Guhumeka cyane - Ibi bivuze ko umuntu afata ogisijeni nyinshi kandi agasohora umwuka wa dioxyde de carbone vuba cyane kuruta uko bikenewe.
• Iyo ukorora cyane, uhindukiza ijosi, cyangwa wambaye ikariso ( carotid sinus hypersensitivity ).
• Mu gihe cyo kunyara ( micturition syncope ).

Impamvu zo kwishimagura mu mwanya w'umuntu (postural syncope)

Ibi kandi byitwa postural hypotension cyangwa orthostatic hypotension . Bibaho iyo uhinduye imiterere yawe mu buryo butunguranye, urugero, iyo uhagaze uryamye, maze umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe ukagabanuka mu buryo butunguranye. Imiti imwe n'imwe no kubura amazi mu mubiri bishobora gutera iyi ndwara. Abantu bafite ubwo bwoko bwo gucika intege bahura n'igabanuka ry'umuvuduko w'amaraso nibura 20 mmHg (umubare wo hejuru) na 10 mmHg (umubare wo hasi) iyo bahagaze.

Impamvu zitera kwishimagura k'umutima

Niba ufite ikibazo mu mutima wawe cyangwa mu mitsi y'amaraso kigira ingaruka ku gutembera kw'amaraso mu bwonko, ushobora kugira ikibazo cyo kubura umutima . Muri izi ndwara harimo:

• Ugutera nabi k'umutima ( arrhythmia ).
• Kutagenda neza kw'amaraso mu mutima bitewe n'imiterere y'umutima ( hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ).
• Kuziba kw'imitsi y'amaraso mu mutima ( ischemia y'umutima ).
• Indwara y'imitsi y'umutima.
• Stenosis y'imitsi yo mu bwonko - Ibi bivuze kugabanuka k'umuyoboro w'amaraso.
• Umubiri w'amaraso.
• Kunanirwa k'umutima.

Niba ufite indwara y'umutima idakira , ni ngombwa cyane kubonana na muganga w'indwara z'umutima no kuvurwa neza, kuko ibi bishobora kuba bibi cyane.

Impamvu zitera Neurologic Syncope

Ibi bishobora kubaho iyo ufite ikibazo cy'imitsi nko gupfukama, gucika imitsi, cyangwa indwara y'imitsi idakira (TIA) . Nanone, migrainesKandi indwara zidakunze kugaragara cyane nka hydrocephalus isanzwe ishobora no gutera ubwivumbure bw'imitsi .

Indwara ya Tachycardia yo mu myanya y'inyuma (Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome) (POTS)

Niba ufite POTS , umuvuduko w'umutima wawe ushobora kwiyongera cyane ( tachycardia ) iyo uhagaze wicaye cyangwa uryamye. Umuvuduko w'umutima wawe ushobora kwiyongeraho ibitero 30 ku munota cyangwa birenga. Uku kwiyongera akenshi kubaho mu minota 10 uhagaze.

Kudahuzagurika nta mpamvu ifatika ihari

Abantu bagera kuri 33% bacika intege ntibashobora kumenya impamvu nyayo itera gucika intege kwabo. Ariko, hari imiti ishobora kongera ibyago byo gucika intege nk'ingaruka mbi. Niba utazi icyaguteye gucika intege, jya kwa muganga.

Ni gute umuganga abimenya?

Iyo unaniwe, ugomba kujya kwa muganga. Ashobora kukwohereza ku muganga w’inzobere mu by’indwara zo mu mutwe kugira ngo agusuzume neza.

Inzobere izagusuzuma umubiri kandi ifate amateka y’ubuzima bwawe. Izakubaza ibimenyetso byawe n’igihe wacitse intege - niba hari ibimenyetso wigeze ugira mbere, igihe n’aho wacitse intege.

Ashobora kandi gupima umuvuduko w'umutima wawe n'umuvuduko w'amaraso mu gihe uri mu myanya itandukanye (uryamye, wicaye, uhagaze).

Hanyuma, ushobora gukenera ikizamini kimwe cyangwa byinshi kugira ngo umenye icyateye gucika intege. Ibi bizamini bireba ibintu nk'ibi:

• Uko umutima wawe umeze.
• Igipimo cy'umutima wawe.
• Ingano y'amaraso mu mubiri wawe.
• Uburyo amaraso yawe atembera iyo uri mu myanya itandukanye.

Ni ibihe bizamini biri gukorwa kuri ibi?

Ibizamini byo gushaka icyateye gucika intege ni ibi bikurikira:

• Gupima muri laboratwari: Kureba niba nta ndwara ifite amaraso cyangwa impinduka mu mikorere y'umubiri.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Ikizamini cyandika imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe.
• Ikizamini cy'imihangayiko: Hari ibizamini byinshi bikorwa mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa utanga umuti wo kuwutera imihangayiko. Ibipimo bimwe na bimwe by'imihangayiko bireba impinduka za EKG cyangwa bigakorwa na ultrasound y'umutima. Ibizamini by'imihangayiko bishobora kandi gukorwa hakoreshejwe isuzuma rya nuclear .
• Igikoresho cyo kureba amaguru n'amaboko (Ambulatory Monitor): Igikoresho wambara cyandika amakuru yerekeye umuvuduko w'umutima wawe n'umuvuduko wawe binyuze muri electrodes.
• Echocardiogram: Ikizamini gikoresha imiraba y'amajwi kugira ngo gikore ishusho y'imiterere y'umutima wawe.
• Ikizamini cyo ku meza yo kuzenguruka (ikizamini cyo kuzamuka umutwe): Umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe n'umuvuduko w'umutima wawe bifatwa umunota ku munota cyangwa umuvuduko ku wundi mu gihe uryamye ku meza kandi ameza ahengamye ku rwego rutandukanye. Iki kizamini gishobora kugaragaza ingaruka zidasanzwe z'umutima n'amaraso zishobora gutera gucika intege.
• Isuzuma ry’imikorere y’umubiri wawe: Urukurikirane rw’ibizamini bipima umuvuduko w’amaraso yawe, gutembera kw’amaraso, umuvuduko w’umutima, ubushyuhe bw’uruhu, n’ibyuya bitewe n’ibintu bitandukanye. Ibi bipimo bishobora gufasha muganga wawe kumenya niba sisitemu yawe y’imitsi ikora neza cyangwa niba ufite ikibazo cy’imitsi.

Ushobora kandi gukora ibindi bizamini, nko kwiga ibijyanye na electrophysiology , gupima uturemangingo tw’imitsi , gusuzuma ubwonko, no gupima CT (Computed Tomography - CT scan) . Ushobora kandi gukora ibizamini by’imikorere ya vestibular kugira ngo urebe neza ko nta kibazo kiri mu gutwi kwawe imbere. Niba ukeneye ibindi bizamini, muganga wawe azagusobanurira ibyo ari byo n’impamvu ubikeneye.

Twakora iki iyo umuntu ananiwe?

Niba umuntu ananiwe, kurikiza izi ntambwe:

1. Reba niba arimo guhumeka.

2. Mureke aryame hasi, cyangwa ashyire umutwe we hagati y'amavi ye, byibuze iminota 10-15.

3. Muhe amazi akonje yo kunywa.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura gucika intege?

Uburyo bwo kuvurwa buterwa n'icyaguteye gucika intege n'ibyo ibisubizo by'ibizamini byawe bigaragaza. Intego y'ubuvuzi ni ukukubuza kongera gucika intege.

Uburyo bwo kuvura syncope ni ubu:

• Kunywa imiti, cyangwa guhindura imiti usanzwe ufata.
• Kwambara imyenda ishyigikira cyangwa amasogisi yo gukanda kugira ngo amaraso atembera neza.
• Guhindura imirire yawe. Muganga wawe ashobora kukubwira kurya amafunguro make kandi kenshi, kongeramo umunyu (sodium) mu mirire yawe, kunywa amazi menshi, kongera ingano ya potasiyumu mu mirire yawe, no kureka kafeyine na alcool.
• Kwitonda cyane mu gihe uhaguruka.
• Komeza umutwe w'igitanda uzamutse mu gihe uryamye. Ushobora kubikora ukoresheje imisego y'inyongera cyangwa ushyireho udukoresho two kuzamuka munsi y'amaguru ku mutwe w'igitanda.
• Kwirinda ibintu cyangwa "ibintu" bitera gucika intege (nk'aho umuntu ahagaze igihe kirekire, ubushyuhe, n'ibintu bimutera guhangayika).
• Imyitozo ya Biofeedback yo kugenzura umutima wihuta.
• Niba hari indwara z'umutima zigaragara mu miterere yazo, zivurwe.
• Imashini ifasha umutima gutera neza kugira ngo ukomeze gutera neza kw'umutimaKugira ngo umuntu agire icyo akora (ibi ni iby’uburwayi runaka gusa).
• Gushaka imashini igabanya ububabare bw'umutima (ICD) . Iki gikoresho gihora gikurikirana umuvuduko w'umutima wawe n'umuvuduko w'umutima wawe, kandi kigakosora imivuduko iyo ari yo yose yihuta kandi idasanzwe (nanone, gusa ku ndwara zimwe na zimwe).

Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rizategura gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikubereye kandi riganire nawe ku buryo bwo kuvura.

Hari imiti ikoreshwa kuri ibi?

Imwe mu miti ikoreshwa mu kuvura gucika intege irimo:

• Midodrine
• Fludrocortisone (amazina y'ibirango Astonin® cyangwa Florinef®)

Iyi miti ishobora gutera ingaruka zimwe na zimwe, nko kubabara mu gatuza, isesemi, isereri, kugorwa no kunyara, kubabara mu nda no gukonja. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gukoresha umuti neza nk'uko muganga wawe abikubwiye.

Ese gucika intege bishobora kugabanuka/kwirindwa?

Kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo gucika intege, ugomba kumenya ikibitera. Niba ikibazo ari ukubura amazi mu mubiri, kugumana amazi meza no kunywa amazi menshi bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara. Niba urimo gucika intege bitewe n'indwara y'umutima, ushobora gukenera imiti cyangwa igikoresho cyo kuvura imitsi idasanzwe y'umutima.

Akenshi, wumva ugiye gucika intege. Ushobora kumva ugiye kuzungera, ukagira isesemi, cyangwa ukagira palpitations (umutima utera ku buryo budasanzwe wumva urimo gutera vuba cyane cyangwa "ukubita" mu gituza cyawe). Ushobora gufasha kwirinda gucika intege niba:

• Icara cyangwa uryame vuba uzamure amaguru yawe.
• Shyira amaboko yawe hamwe.
• Komeza amaboko yawe.
• Fata amaguru yawe cyangwa ukandagire ibibero byawe.

Bigenda bite iyo unaniwe? Ese ni ikintu cyo gutinya?

Iyo wisuzumwe neza kandi ukavurwa neza, ushobora kugenzura indwara yo kunanirwa kwiyumvamo . Niba warigeze gucika intege rimwe, ufite amahirwe agera kuri 30% yo kongera gucika intege. Ibyago byawe byo kongera gucika intege n'uko bikugiraho ingaruka biterwa n'ibintu byinshi - nk'icyabiteye, imyaka yawe, igitsina, n'izindi ndwara ufite. Niba ufite ibibazo ku byago byawe, vugana na muganga wawe.

Niba warafashwe n'indwara ya syncope , reba amategeko yo mu gihugu/akarere kawe. Mu bihugu/uturere tumwe na tumwe, abashoferi bacika intege bagomba kubimenyesha ibiro bishinzwe impushya zo gutwara ibinyabiziga. Muganga azakubwira kumenya impamvu no kuvurwa mbere yo gutwara imodoka.

Akenshi, gucika intege si akaga. Ariko, niba ufite umuvuduko udasanzwe w'umutima cyangwa indwara y'imitsi, bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Abantu bafite indwara z'umutima cyangwa indwara z'imitsi bagomba gushaka ubuvuzi kwa muganga.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya kwa muganga? Ishami rishinzwe ubuvuzi bwihutirwa (ETU)Hari igihe uba ukeneye kujyayo?

Bitewe n'impamvu yaguteye gucika intege, uzakenera kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo agukurikirane nyuma y'ibyumweru bibiri kugeza kuri bine nyuma yo kuvurirwa mu bitaro cyangwa mu ishami rishinzwe abarwayi bataha. Niba muganga asanze afite ikibazo mu miterere y'umutima wawe cyangwa umuvuduko wawo, uzakenera gukora izindi gahunda zo gukurikirana.

Iyo umuntu ananiwe agahagarika guhumeka, nk'aho afite indwara y'umutima, ugomba kumuha CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) no guhamagara imbangukiragutabara. Abantu benshi bajya mu Ishami ryita ku Butabazi bw'Ibanze (ETU) nyuma yo gucika intege. Iyo unaniwe, cyane cyane ku nshuro ya mbere, cyangwa niba ubabara mu gatuza, uhumeka nabi, cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bikomeye, ugomba gushaka inama kwa muganga.

Ibibazo by'ingenzi ugomba kubaza muganga wawe

Ushobora kubaza muganga wawe ibi bibazo:

• Uzi icyatumye ncika intege?
• Ni iki nakora kugira ngo ngire ubwoko bw'igisebe nagize kitazongera kubaho?
• Ese nkeneye ibindi bipimo cyangwa gahunda zo gukurikirana?

Muri make (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Kunanirwa cyangwa gucika intege bishobora gusa n'ibikomeye kurusha uko biri mu by'ukuri kuko bibaho mu buryo butunguranye kandi bigakurura ibitekerezo by'abandi. Ariko, kuri benshi, ni indwara y'igihe gito kandi ntigaragaza ikibazo gikomeye cy'ubuzima. Kubonana na muganga nyuma yo gucika intege bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere cy'uko nta kibazo gikomeye ufite. Niba gucika intege kwawe guterwa n'indwara y'umutima, ni ngombwa kuyivurwa.

Wibuke ko niba ufite gushidikanya cyangwa impungenge ku buzima bwawe, ni byiza kuvugana na muganga.

Gucika intege , kwiheba, guta ubwenge, kubura umwuka wo mu bwonko, kwiheba kw'imitsi, kwiheba k'umutima, impamvu zitera gucika intege, kuvura gucika intege