"Diyabete" ni ijambo rikunze kuvugwa cyane n'abantu benshi mu gihugu cyacu. Wenda umuganga yabwiye umwe mu bagize umuryango we, inshuti ye, cyangwa nawe ati "Urwaye diyabete." Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba muri icyo gihe. Ariko niba ubyumva neza , ushobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza hamwe na yo. Nubwo hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ingenzi bwa diyabete, ubwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane mu bantu bakuru ni Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2. Ni byo tuvuga uyu munsi.
Mu magambo make, Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 ni iki?
Reka tubisobanure mu buryo bworoshye. Ibiryo turya, cyane cyane ibirimo isukari (ibyokurya biryoshye), biha imibiri yacu imbaraga mu buryo bw'isukari yitwa glucose . Iyo iyi glucose yinjiye mu maraso yacu, ijya mu turemangingo tw'umubiri wacu igahinduka ingufu. Kimwe na lisansi ku modoka yacu, glucose ni yo ishyira imbaraga mu turemangingo tw'umubiri wacu.
Noneho, kugira ngo twohereze iyi glucose mu turemangingo, dukeneye 'urufunguzo'. Urwo rufunguzo ni rwo twita insuline . Insulini ni imisemburo ikorwa na pancreas yacu.
Ibintu bibiri by'ingenzi bibaho mu mubiri w'umuntu urwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2:
1. Ubudahangarwa bwa insuline: Uturemangingo tw'umubiri, kimwe n'ingufu, ntitwitabira neza urufunguzo rwitwa insuline. Ibi bituma bigora isukari kwinjira mu turemangingo.
2. Kubura insuline: Uko igihe kigenda gihita, pancreas irananirwa kubera kuzuza iki cyifuzo, kandi ingano ya insuline ikora iba idahagije.
Kubera izi mpamvu ebyiri, isukari idashobora kwinjira mu turemangingo itangira kwirundanya mu maraso. Ibyo ni byo twita "isukari nyinshi mu maraso." Iyo iki kibazo kimaze igihe kirekire, gishobora kugira ingaruka ku mubiri wacu wose.
Ese nawe ufite ibi bimenyetso?
Ikintu giteje akaga cyane kuri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 ni uko rimwe na rimwe idagaragaza ibimenyetso mu ntangiriro. Hari abantu bagira ibimenyetso, ariko bishobora kuba bitagaragara ku buryo bitamenyekana. Ariko, niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira, ni ngombwa cyane kubonana na muganga wawe kugira ngo akugire inama.
| Ibimenyetso | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Inyota no kunyara kenshi | Uko impyiko zigerageza gusohora isukari nyinshi mu maraso binyuze mu nkari, ingano y'inkari iriyongera. Muri icyo gihe, inyota iriyongera uko amazi asohoka mu mubiri. |
| Kumva ushonje kurusha uko bisanzwe | Kubera ko isukari idakwira mu turemangingo, umubiri ntubona ingufu ukeneye. Bityo ubwonko bubona ibimenyetso byo "kurya byinshi." |
| Umunaniro n'umunaniro bitunguranye | Kubera ko uturemangingo tudahabwa ingufu (glucose), umubiri wumva ufite intege nke kandi unaniwe. |
| Kureba nabi | Isukari nyinshi mu maraso ishobora gutuma indorerwamo y'ijisho ihindura imiterere. Ibi bishobora kuba iby'igihe gito cyangwa bikaba intangiriro y'ibyangiritse by'igihe kirekire. |
| Gucika intege cyangwa gucika intege mu maguru | Isukari nyinshi mu maraso mu gihe kirekire ishobora kwangiza imitsi. Ibi byitwa "Diabetic Neuropathy". |
| Gutinda gukira kw'ibikomere | Isukari nyinshi mu maraso ishobora gutera imiyoboro mibi y'amaraso no kudakora neza kw'umubiri, ibyo bikaba byagabanya gukira kw'ibikomere. |
| Kugabanya ibiro utabigambiriye | Iyo isukari idashobora gukoreshwa nk'ingufu, umubiri utangira gutwika imitsi n'ibinure, bigatuma umuntu atakaza ibiro. |
| Kwandura indwara zikunze kugaragara (cyane cyane inkari n'uruhu) | Isukari ni ahantu heza ho kororokera bagiteri n'ibihumyo, kandi ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye butuma tubasha kwandura indwara. |
| Uduheri twijimye ku ruhu (mu ijosi, mu kwaha) | Iyi ndwara tuyita ``(Acanthosis Nigricans)``. Iki ni kimwe mu bimenyetso by'uko insuline idakora neza. |
Ni gute diyabete igira ingaruka ku bindi bice by'umubiri wacu?
Aha niho twese tugomba kwibanda cyane. Diyabete si ikibazo cy’isukari mu maraso gusa. Isukari nyinshi mu maraso idagenzuwe mu gihe kirekire itera kwangirika gukomeye ku miyoboro y’amaraso yacu. Kimwe n’umuyoboro w’icyuma urimo ingese, imiyoboro y’amaraso yacu itangira kwangirika buhoro buhoro uhereye imbere ugana inyuma.
Diyabete si indwara yo kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso gusa, ahubwo ni indwara igusaba gutekereza ku kurinda umutima wawe, amaso, impyiko n'imitsi.
Ingorane nyamukuru zishobora guterwa n'ibi ni izi:
- Indwara z'umutima na stroke: Umuntu urwaye diyabete afite amahirwe abiri yo kurwara indwara y'umutima cyangwa stroke kurusha udafite diyabete. Mu by'ukuri, indwara z'umutima n'imitsi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru y'impfu ku bantu barwaye diyabete.
- Indwara y'impyiko: Imitsi y'amaraso yoroshye mu mpyiko zacu iyungurura amaraso yacu ishobora kwangirika, kandi uko igihe kigenda gihita, impyiko zishobora kwangirika.
- Kubura amaso: Kwangirika kw'imitsi y'amaraso itanga retina y'ijisho bishobora gutuma umuntu atabona neza ndetse bigatera ubuhumyi.
- Kwangirika kw'imitsi: Kwangirika kw'imitsi, cyane cyane mu birenge, bishobora gutera ibisebe, kubyimba no kubura ibyiyumvo. Ibi bishobora gutera ibikomere ku birenge bitagaragara, bikabyimba, ndetse n'indwara zikomeye.
None se iki kibazo twagigenzura dute?
Ibi bishobora kugutera ubwoba. Ariko inkuru nziza ni uko dushobora gukumira cyangwa gutinza izi ngorane zose . Icyo ugomba gukora ni ukugenzura diyabete yawe neza. Iki si ikintu ushobora gukora wenyine. Ni imbaraga z'ikipe hagati yawe na muganga wawe.
Hari ibintu bike by'ingenzi ugomba kwitaho:
- Indyo nziza: Gabanya isukari, ifu, n'ibinure kandi urye imboga nyinshi, imbuto, ibinyamisogwe, n'ibinyampeke byuzuye. Ushobora gusaba inama muganga wawe cyangwa inzobere mu mirire kuri ibi.
- Imyitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe: Ni ingenzi cyane gukora imyitozo yoroshye, nko kugenda n'amaguru vuba, nibura iminota 30 ku munsi, iminsi 5 mu cyumweru.
- Imiti yandikiwe na muganga:Ni ngombwa gufata imiti muganga wawe yakwandikiye, mu gihe gikwiye, mu gipimo gikwiye. Ntugahagarike gufata imiti yawe cyangwa ngo uhindure ingano yayo udahawe inama na muganga.
- Kwisuzumisha buri gihe: Sura muganga wawe ku gihe kandi urebe urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe, urugero rwa cholesterol, umuvuduko w'amaraso, nibindi. Ni ngombwa kandi ko amaso n'ibirenge byawe byibura rimwe mu mwaka bisuzumwa.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 ni indwara aho isukari mu maraso yiyongera bitewe nuko umubiri udashobora gukoresha neza imisemburo ya insuline.
- Menya ibimenyetso nko kugira inyota kenshi, kwihagarika kenshi, umunaniro, no kutabona neza. Ntukabirengagize.
- Diyabete idacunzwe neza ishobora kwangiza umutima wawe, impyiko, amaso, n'imitsi yawe bikomeye.
- Mu gukorana bya hafi na muganga wawe, ushobora kugenzura iyi ndwara neza binyuze mu guhindura imibereho (imirire, imyitozo ngororamubiri) no gukoresha imiti yandikiwe na muganga.
- Diyabete si icyemezo cy'urupfu. Iyo uyikoresheje neza, nawe ushobora kubaho ubuzima bwuzuye kandi bufite ubuzima bwiza.
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Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.