Guhumeka ni ingenzi cyane kuri twe, si byo se? Ni nk'umuyoboro w'umubiri wacu. Ariko rimwe na rimwe, uburyo bwacu bwo guhumeka, cyane cyane ibihaha, bushobora kugira ibibazo bito. Hanyuma abaganga bacu bashaka kumenya neza uko ibi bihaha birimo n'uko bikora neza. Ni bwo iki kizamini cyihariye cyitwa spirometry gishobora kudufasha. Iyo wumvise iri zina, bishobora kumvikana nk'ikintu gikomeye, ariko biroroshye cyane.

Spirometry ni iki? Ese biragoye cyane?

Muri make, spirometry ni ikizamini cyoroshye cyane cyo guhumeka gipima imikorere y'ibihaha byawe. Cyane cyane kireba ingano y'umwuka ushobora gufata uhumeka rimwe, ingano y'umwuka ushobora gusohora, n'uburyo ushobora gusohora uwo mwuka vuba .

Tekereza nko kuzimya buji ku keke y'isabukuru yawe. Nta bubabare cyangwa kubabara bihari. Imashini ntoya ikoreshwa mu gukora iki kizamini yitwa spirometer . Nta kintu na kimwe ishyira mu mubiri wawe, bityo nta mpamvu yo guhangayika.

Kuki iki kizamini cya spirometry gikorwa? Ni nde ukwiye kugikorera?

Ubu ushobora kuba wibaza uti "Kuki nkeneye iki kizamini ?" Spirometry ikunze gukorwa kubera impamvu zitandukanye:

• Menya indwara z'ibihaha: Ese ukunda gukorora? Ese wumva ufite umwuka ubura? Ese ufite urusaku rwo guhumeka mu gituza? Cyangwa se igituza cyawe kimeze nk'aho gifunganye gato? Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, iki kizamini gishobora kugufasha kumenya impamvu. By'umwihariko:
• Asima : Iyi ni indwara abantu benshi bazi. Muri ibi, inzira z'ubuhumekero ziragabanuka.
• COPD ( Indwara y'ibihaha idakira ): Iri ni izina risanzwe. Muri make, iyi ni indwara y'igihe kirekire ibangamira urujya n'uruza rw'umwuka winjira n'usohoka mu bihaha. Ikunze kugaragara cyane ku bantu banywa itabi .
• Cystic Fibrosis : Iyi ni indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo twibasira ibihaha ndetse n'ibindi bice by'umubiri.
• Fibrose y'ibihaha: Iyi ni indwara aho ibihaha bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro bigakomera, bigatuma ibihaha bidakomeza kubyimba neza.

• Genzura uko indwara y'ibihaha ihagaze: Niba usanzwe ufite indwara y'ibihaha, iki kizamini gikorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba imiti ufata ikora neza kandi niba indwara yarushijeho kuba nziza cyangwa yarushijeho kwiyongera.

• Reba imikorere y'ibihaha mbere yo kubagwa: Ibi ni ingenzi mbere yo kubagwa bimwe na bimwe bikomeye, cyane cyane niba unywa itabi cyangwa ufite ibimenyetso bifitanye isano n'ibihaha, kugira ngo urebe uburyo ibihaha byawe bizakira ikinya.

• Gupima indwara z'ibihaha ziterwa n'akazi: Iki kizamini gikoreshwa kandi mu kumenya niba hari ibyago byo kwangirika kw'ibihaha bitewe n'umukungugu n'imiti biboneka mu kazi kamwe na kamwe.

Tekereza, inshuti yawe, reka tuvuge nka Chamal. Chamal yahumiraga mu kirere iyo yazamukaga ingazi cyangwa yirukaga kuri bisi. Abonye umuganga, yasabye Chamal gukora ikizamini cya spirometry. Ni ko byamusanze arwaye asima. Ubu, Chamal arimo gufata imiti ye neza kandi nta kibazo afite.

Iki kizamini cya spirometry gikorwa gite? Ese ni ikibazo gikomeye?

Noneho reka turebe uko twakora iki kizamini. Biroroshye cyane, nta cyo ugomba gutinya.

1. Kwitegura: Uzicara neza cyane ku ntebe.

2. Agakoresho ko gupima izuru: Agakoresho gato gashyirwa ku mazuru yawe. Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo iyo uhumeka, uhumeke mu kanwa gusa, ntabwo ari izuru ryawe. Uku niko ushobora kubona igipimo nyacyo.

3. Agakoresho ko mu kanwa: Hanyuma, uzasabwa gufata agakoresho ko mu kanwa kawe neza gahujwe n'icyuma gipima umunwa. Ugomba kugafunga neza n'iminwa yombi kugira ngo hatava umwuka.

4. Uburyo bwo guhumeka:

• Ubwa mbere, humeka nk'uko bisanzwe inshuro nke.
• Hanyuma, basabwa guhumeka umwuka mwinshi kugeza igihe ibihaha byombi byuzuye umwuka.
• Hanyuma, ugomba guhumeka uwo mwuka wose vuba kandi cyane uko ushoboye kose. Nk'ukuzimya buji, ariko cyane gato, kandi igihe kirekire uko ushoboye kose (nibura amasegonda 6).

5. Gutera inkunga: Umutekinisiye uri gukora ikizamini azagutera inkunga avuga amagambo nka "Byinshi! Byinshi! Humeka! Byinshi! Byinshi!" Bazi ko bashaka ko ukora uko ushoboye kose.

6. Subiramo: Ubusanzwe, ibi bikorwa nibura inshuro eshatu kugira ngo haboneke ibisubizo nyabyo.

Hari igihe, nyuma y'iki gipimo, uhabwa dose ngufi ya bronchodilator (ubusanzwe ikoreshwa mu guhumeka) hanyuma ikizamini kigasubirwamo nyuma y'iminota 15-20. Ibi ni ukugira ngo harebwe niba guhumeka kwawe kwarushijeho kuba kwiza nyuma yo gufata umuti. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane mu gusuzuma indwara nka asima.

Ushobora kumva unaniwe gato muri iki kizamini, kuko ugomba gusohora umwuka mwinshi uko bishoboka kose. Ariko nta bubabare na buke burimo.

Ese hari ibintu tugomba kwitegura mbere y'ikizamini?

Yego, kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo nyabyo bivuye mu kizamini, hari ibintu bike ugomba kwitondera.

• Imiti: Bwira muganga wawe mbere y'igihe imiti yose ufata, cyane cyane imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara z'ibihaha. Ushobora gusabwa guhagarika gukoresha imiti imwe n'imwe ikoreshwa mu kuvura amasaha make mbere yo gupimwa.
• Kunywa itabi: Irinde kunywa itabi nibura isaha imwe mbere yo kwipimisha. Ni byiza kwirinda kunywa itabi nibura amasaha 24 niba bishoboka.
• Inzoga: Ntukanywe inzoga ku munsi wo gupimwa.
• Ibiryo: Irinde kurya amafunguro menshi amasaha abiri mbere yo kwipimisha. Nta kibazo kurya amafunguro yoroheje.
• Kafeyine: Ni byiza kugabanya kunywa ibinyobwa birimo kafeyine nk'icyayi na kawa amasaha make mbere yo gupimwa.
• Imyambaro: Ambara imyenda ifunguye kandi ihumeka neza . Irinde imyenda ifunze cyane.
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Irinde gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri igoye mu gihe cy'iminota 30 mbere yo gukora ikizamini.

Uramutse witaye kuri ibi bintu, ushobora kubona igisubizo nyacyo kurushaho.

Ibisubizo by'iki kizamini bivuga iki?

Ntugahangayike niba ibisubizo by'ikizamini bisa nkaho ari ibya siyansi. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira byose mu magambo yoroheje. Hari ibipimo bike by'ingenzi bizafatwa:

• FVC (Ubushobozi bw'Ingufu Zikomeye): Iki ni cyo gipimo cy'umwuka ushobora gusohora umwuka ukoresheje imbaraga nyuma yo guhumeka cyane. Muri make, ni ingano ntarengwa y'umwuka ibihaha byawe bishobora kubika .
• FEV1 (Ingano y'umwuka ukoreshwa mu gusohora umwuka mu isegonda 1): Iki ni ingano y'umwuka ushobora gusohora mu isegonda rya mbere iyo usohora umwuka ku ngufu. Ibi bigaragaza uburyo umwuka usohoka mu bihaha vuba.
• Igipimo cya FEV1/FVC: Igipimo cy'agaciro kavuzwe haruguru nacyo ni ingenzi cyane.

Izi ndangagaciro zigereranywa n'indangagaciro zisanzwe ku myaka yawe, uburebure, igitsina, n'ubwoko bwawe.

• Imiterere y'ingufu: Niba FEV1 yawe iri hasi cyane ugereranyije na FVC yawe, kandi igipimo cya FEV1/FVC cyawe kiri hasi, bivuze ko hari imbogamizi zimwe na zimwe (urugero, kugabanuka) mu nzira z'ubuhumekero bwawe. Ibi bishobora kugaragara mu ndwara nka asima na COPD.
• Imiterere y'ibipimo: Niba FVC yawe iri hasi, ariko igipimo cya FEV1/FVC cyawe kikaba gisanzwe cyangwa kiri hejuru, bivuze ko ibihaha byawe bitabasha kubyimba neza (ibihaha ntibibyimba neza). Ibi bishobora kugaragara mu ndwara nka Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Igikuru ni uko utagerageza gusobanura ibi bisubizo wenyine. Muganga wawe azagereranya ibi bisubizo bya spirometry n'ibimenyetso byawe n'ibindi bipimo maze abisobanure mu buryo ushobora kumva.

Ese hari ingaruka mbi zibitera? Ese biragoye gato?

Spirometry muri rusange ni ikizamini cyizewe cyane . Ingaruka mbi zikomeye ni gake cyane. Ariko, kubera ko ikizamini gisaba ko uhumeka cyane, hashobora kubaho utundi tubabaza duto:

• Ushobora kumva umeze nk'uzunguza cyangwa ukumva ufite isereri . Ibi bizashira ubwabyo nyuma y'igihe runaka.
• Nyuma yo gupimwa, ushobora kongera umuvuduko wo guhumeka cyangwa ukumva ufite ikibazo cy'umutwe mu gihe runaka .
• Hari abantu bashobora kugira inkorora .
• Ushobora kumva unaniwe gato.

Ni gake cyane, hari abantu bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kugabanuka k'inzira z'ubuhumekero mu bihaha ( bronchospasm ), cyane cyane ku bantu bafite asima ikomeye. Ariko, kubera ko ikizamini gikorwa munsi y'ubuyobozi bwa muganga, iyo bibaye, gishobora kuvurwa vuba.

Ugomba kubibwira muganga wawe niba uherutse kugira indwara y'umutima, kubagwa amaso, kubagwa igituza cyangwa inda, kubagwa amaraso mu bwonko, cyangwa igituntu (TB ). Iki kizamini gishobora kuba kidakwiye muri bene ibyo bihe, cyangwa gishobora gukenerwa gukorwa witonze cyane.

Bigenda bite nyuma y'ikizamini?

Nyuma y'uko ikizamini kirangiye, ushobora gukomeza imirimo yawe isanzwe. Niba warakoresheje bronchodilator cyane, ushobora kumva umeze nk'ugiye mu maboko yawe cyangwa ukumva umutima wawe umeze vuba igihe runaka. Ibi bizashira mu gihe gito.

Hanyuma, muganga wawe azaganira nawe ku bisubizo by'ibizamini. Azagusobanurira icyo ibisubizo bivuze n'ingamba ugomba gufata ubutaha (urugero nko gukomeza gupimwa, gutangira imiti, cyangwa guhindura imiti usanzwe ukoresha).

None se, ni ibihe bintu by'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka?

Sawa, reka tuvuge muri make ibintu by'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka mu byo twavuze:

• Spirometry ni ikizamini cyoroshye kandi kidababaza cyo guhumeka kugira ngo umenye ubuzima bw'ibihaha byawe.
• Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane mu gusuzuma no gukurikirana indwara z'ibihaha nka asima na COPD.
• Gukora ikizamini ni nko kuzimya buji ku munsi mukuru w'amavuko , ntabwo bigoye cyane. Ariko ugomba gushyiramo imbaraga nyinshi.
• Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga witonze mbere yo kwipimisha (ku bijyanye n'ibiryo, ibinyobwa, n'imiti).
• Ntugatinye ibisubizo cyangwa ngo ufate ibyemezo wenyine . Ganira na muganga wawe byose kandi umugire inama.

Rero, niba ufite ikibazo cy'ibihaha kandi muganga akakubwira gukora iki kizamini cya spirometry, nta mpamvu yo kugitinya. Ibuka gusa ko ari intambwe y'ingenzi kugira ngo ibihaha byawe bigire ubuzima bwiza. Amahirwe masa!

spirometry, ikizamini cy'ibihaha, ikizamini cyo guhumeka, asima, COPD, imikorere y'ibihaha, indwara z'ubuhumekero