Ese wagiye ugira ikibazo cyo kubyimba cyangwa kuzura gato imbere mu ijosi ryawe, cyangwa se umunaniro udasanzwe n'ubwoba? Impamvu imwe ishobora gutera ibi bimenyetso ni indwara yitwa Thyroiditis . Izina rishobora kumvikana nk'aho riteye ubwoba, ariko reka tubisobanure mu buryo bworoshye kugira ngo usobanukirwe ibiri kuba mu mubiri wawe.
Tiroidite ni iki? Reka dukomeze koroshya!
Muri make, indwara ya Tiroidite yerekeza ku kubyimba kwa tiroyide yawe. Ushobora kuba wibaza icyo tiroyide ari cyo cyangwa aho iherereye. Tekereza akagingo gato, gafite ishusho nk'iy'ikinyugunyugu kicaye hasi mu ijosi ryawe, munsi y'uruhu. Aka gakoko ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'imikorere y'imisemburo yawe. Karema kandi kagasohora imisemburo y'ingenzi igenga imirimo myinshi y'ingenzi y'umubiri wawe.
Tiroidite si indwara imwe gusa; ni ijambo rusange risobanura itsinda ry'indwara zitera kubyimba kwa tiroyide kubera impamvu zitandukanye. Ikibazo cy'ingenzi giterwa na tiroyide ni uko iyo ngirabuzimafatizo ishobora kurekura imisemburo myinshi cyane cyangwa mike cyane ya tiroyide.
Ni ibihe byiciro bisanzwe bya tiroyide?
Mu bwoko bwinshi bwa thyroidite, ushobora guhura n'ibyiciro bitatu bitandukanye. Reka tubirebe:
1. Icyiciro cy’uburozi bwa thyrotoxicity: Muri iki cyiciro, thyroid gland yawe yabyimbye isohora imisemburo myinshi mu buryo butunguranye. Ibi bitera thyrotoxicosis y’igihe gito. Ushobora kuyitekereza nk’ “umwuzure” utunguranye w’imisemburo yinjira mu mubiri wawe.
2. Icyiciro cya Hypothyroid: Nyuma y’ikwirakwira ry’imisemburo, thyroid gland yawe ikunze kugabanuka kandi ntishobora gukora imisemburo ihagije mu gihe cy’ibyumweru cyangwa amezi menshi. Ibi bitera kubura hormone yitwa hypothyroidism . Ku ndwara zimwe na zimwe, nka Hashimoto's thyroiditis na radiation-induced thyroiditis , iki cyiciro cya hypothyroidism gishobora kubaho burundu.
3. Icyiciro cya Euthyroid: Muri iki cyiciro, urugero rw'imisemburo yawe rusubira ku rwego rusanzwe kandi rufite ubuzima bwiza. Ibi bishobora kubaho by'agateganyo hagati y'icyiciro cya thyrotoxic na hypothyroidism, cyangwa se bikaba ari icyiciro cya nyuma mu gihe thyrothyroid yawe ikira indwara yo kubyimba hanyuma ikongera gukora neza.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa tiroyide?
Nkuko twabivuze, indwara ya thyroiditis si indwara imwe, kandi hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'indwara. Reka tubirebe:
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Iyi ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane ya thyroiditis, izwi kandi nka chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis . Ni indwara iterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri . Ibi bivuze ko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe butangira kwibasira imvubura ya thyroid bukora antibodies za thyroid . Ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru itera hypothyroidism .
- Indwara ya tiroyide idatuje cyangwa itagira ububabare: Iyi ni indwara iterwa n’uturemangingo tw’umubiri duterwa n’uturemangingo tw’umubiri durwanya tiroyide. Nk’uko izina ribigaragaza, ubusanzwe ntabwo itera ububabare bukabije.
- Indwara ya tiroyide nyuma yo kubyara: Indi ndwara y’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri ibaho mu mwaka wa mbere nyuma yo kubyara. Ni indwara idasanzwe.
- Indwara ya thyroiditis iterwa n'imirasire: Ibi bishobora kubaho nyuma yo kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imirasire kuri kanseri zimwe na zimwe cyangwa hakoreshejwe imiti ya iyode iterwa na radiation kuri hyperthyroidism.
- Indwara ya thyroiditis (subacute thyroiditis) (cyangwa de Quervain's thyroiditis):Ibi bikunze kubabaza cyane kandi bikekwa ko biterwa na virusi. Akenshi bikurikirwa n'indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero yo hejuru , nka grippe cyangwa ibicurane bisanzwe .
- Indwara ya thyroiditis ikabije: Indwara idakunze kugaragara iterwa na bagiteri cyangwa ikindi kintu cyandura.
- Indwara ya tiroyide iterwa n'imiti: Imiti imwe n'imwe, nka amiodarone , interferons , lithium , na cytokines , ishobora gutera ibi. Ariko, ibi bibaho gusa ku bantu bake cyane bafata iyi miti.
- Riedel thyroiditis: Indwara idakunze kugaragara irangwa no kubyimba kwa tiroyide igihe kirekire biganisha kuri fibrosis , aho ingirangingo za tiroyide ziba zikomeye cyangwa zigahinduka inkovu.
Ni nde wibasirwa cyane na thyroiditis?
Nubwo indwara ya thyroiditis ishobora kwibasira umuntu uwo ari we wese, ikunze kugaragara cyane ku bagore .
Urugero, indwara ya tiroyide ya Hashimoto ikunze kugaragara ku bagore inshuro enye kugeza ku icumi kurusha ku bagabo, kandi ikunze kugaragara ku bantu bari hagati y'imyaka 30 na 50. Indwara ya tiroyide idasobanutse nayo ikunze kugaragara ku bagore kandi ni yo ndwara ya kabiri ikunze kugaragara cyane nyuma ya Hashimoto.
Ni rusange gute?
Nkuko byavuzwe, indwara ya tiroyide ya Hashimoto ni yo ikunze kugaragara cyane, ikaba yibasira abaturage babarirwa hagati ya 1% na 2% muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Izindi ndwara za tiroyide ntabwo zikunze kugaragara cyane.
Ese indwara ya Tiroidite ibangamira ubuzima?
Muri rusange, indwara ya tiroyide si indwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.
Ariko, iyo indwara ya thyroidite iteye indwara ikomeye ya hyperthyroidism igakomeza kuvurwa igihe kirekire, ishobora gutera indwara ikomeye izwi nka thyroid storm .
Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'inkubi y'umuyaga ya Tiroyide?
- Umuriro mwinshi - Ubushyuhe bushobora kwiyongera kugera kuri 104°F kugeza kuri 106°F (40°C–41°C).
- Umuvuduko w'umutima wihuta cyane (tachycardia) - Ibi bishobora kurenza imivuduko 140 ku munota.
- Gushyuha cyane, kurakara cyane, no kubura amahoro cyane.
- Kudatekereza neza – Gutenguha cyane, kubura icyerekezo, cyangwa guhindura ubwenge.
Niba ukeka ko ufite ibimenyetso by'indwara ya tiroyide, shaka ubufasha bwihutirwa bwa muganga uhamagara 911 cyangwa usure ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi riri hafi yawe.
Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bikurikira, nyamuneka jya kwa muganga ugiye hafi yawe vuba. Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa!
Niba ukeka ko ufite ibimenyetso bya tiroyide, ni ngombwa ko uhita ubonana na muganga. Bashobora kugukorera ibizamini bikenewe, bakagusuzuma neza, kandi bagatangira gahunda ikwiye yo kugufasha.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Tiroyide?
Ibimenyetso bya tiroyide biterwa n'ubwoko n'icyiciro cy'indwara. Kenshi na kenshi, abarwayi babanza kubona ibimenyetso bya thyrotoxicosis, hanyuma hagakurikiraho ibimenyetso bya hypothyroidism.
Mu gihe ufite indwara ya thyroiditis ifata imitsi (subacute thyroiditis) na thyroiditis ifata imitsi (acute infectious thyroiditis), ushobora kumva ububabare mu gace karimo thyroiditis yawe. Hari abantu bashobora no kugira thyroiditis yagutse, izwi nka goiter .
Ibimenyetso bya Thyrotoxicosis (iyo urugero rw'imisemburo ruri hejuru)
Indwara ya thyroiditis iterwa na thyrotoxicity akenshi imara igihe gito, imara nk'ukwezi kumwe kugeza kuri atatu. Iyo uturemangingo twa thyroid twangiritse vuba kandi tugasohora imisemburo myinshi ya thyroide, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso bya hyperthyroidism (thyroid ikora cyane). Ibi birimo:
- Umutima utera cyane (gutera cyane).
- Kwongera ubushake bwo kurya.
- Kugabanya ibiro mu buryo budasanzwe.
- Kumva uhangayitse cyangwa udafite amahoro.
- Kurakara cyane.
- Kugorwa no gusinzira (kubura ibitotsi).
- Kubira ibyuya byiyongera no kumva ubushyuhe.
- Gutigita kw'amaboko.
Ibimenyetso bya Hypothyroidism (iyo urugero rw'imisemburo ruri hasi)
Icyiciro cya hypothyroidism cya thyroiditis gishobora kumara igihe kirekire kandi rimwe na rimwe gishobora kuba burundu. Iyo uturemangingo twa thyroid twangiritse kandi urugero rw'imisemburo rukagabanuka, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso bya hypothyroidism. Ibi birimo:
- Umunaniro udashira.
- Kongera ibiro bitasobanuwe.
- Kwihagarika impatwe.
- Ibibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe nko kwiheba.
- Uruhu rwumye.
- Ubushobozi bwo kumva ubukonje bwiyongera.
- Intege nke z'imitsi.
- Kugorwa no kwibanda ku bintu.
Ni iki gitera indwara ya Tiroidite?
Tiroyide ibaho iyo thyroid gland yawe "yibasiwe," bigatera kubyimba (uko umubiri ubyitwaramo iyo wakomeretse) no kwangirika kw'uturemangingo twa tiroyide. Impamvu zihariye ziratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko.
Impamvu ikunze kugaragara ni indwara iterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri . Ibi bibaho iyo ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bwawe—bwagenewe kukurinda—bwibasira umubiri wawe. Nubwo impamvu nyayo idasobanuka neza, ubwoko bwinshi bwa thyroiditis buterwa n’uturemangingo tw’umubiri twibasira thyroid gland yawe.
Ni gute indwara ya Tiroidite ipimwa?
Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, bazagusuzuma kandi bapime tiroyide yawe. Bazakubaza kandi ibimenyetso byawe n'amateka y'ubuzima bwawe.
Niba muganga wawe akeka ko afite thyroiditis, ashobora gukora bimwe mu bizamini bikurikira cyangwa byose kugira ngo yemeze ko arwaye:
- Ibipimo by'imikorere ya tiroyide: Ibi bipimo by'amaraso bipima imisemburo ifitanye isano na tiroyide. Birimo imisemburo itera imbaraga za tiroyide (TSH) , T3 (triiodothyronine) , na T4 (thyroxine) . TSH ikorwa n'agace ka pituitary kugira ngo itere tiroyide gukora imisemburo ya T4 na T3.
- Ultrasound ya tiroyide: Abaganga bakunze gukoresha ultrasound kugira ngo basuzume imiterere y'agahu ka tiroyide. Ibi bifasha kumenya utubyimba , impinduka mu mikorere y'amaraso, cyangwa ubucucike bw'agahu.
- Ibizamini by’umubiri wa tiroyide: Ibi bizamini by’amaraso bireba uturemangingo twihariye, nka TPO (antithyroid/microsomal antibodies) cyangwa TRAb (antithyroid receptor stimulating antibodies) . Kuba bihari bigaragaza ko tiroyide yawe ishobora kuba ari uturemangingo tw’umubiri.
- Igipimo cy'amaraso atukura (ESR): Iki gipimo cy'amaraso gifasha kumenya ububyimbirwe mu mubiri wawe. Mu gihe cy'indwara ya thyroiditis ifata imiyoboro y'amaraso, urugero rwa ESR rukunze kwiyongera.
- Poroteyine ikora C (CRP): Iyi ipima urugero rwa CRP mu maraso yawe. Urugero rwa CRP ruri hejuru rugaragaza ububyimbirwe kandi akenshi ruba ruri hejuru cyane mu gihe cy'indwara ya thyroiditis yandura ikabije.
- Ikizamini cyo gufata iyode ikoresheje imirasire (RAIU): Iki kizamini gipima ingano ya iyode ikoresha imirasire (ifatwa mu kanwa) ifata tiroyide yawe. Mu gihe cy'indwara ya tiroyide iterwa na thyrotoxic, iyi mirasire iba iri hasi cyane.
Indwara ya Tiroidite ivurwa ite?
Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya thyroidite buterwa n'ubwoko bwayo n'ibimenyetso byayo.
Kuvura indwara ya Thyrotoxicosis
Niba uri mu cyiciro cy’indwara ya thyroiditis iterwa na thyrotoxic, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti igabanya ubukana bwa beta-blockers . Iyi miti ifasha kugabanya ibimenyetso nko gutera k’umutima cyane ( gutera cyane ) no guhinda umushyitsi.
Uko ibimenyetso byawe bigenda birushaho kwiyongera, muganga wawe azagenda agabanya buhoro buhoro kandi amaherezo ahagarike imiti, kuko iki cyiciro ari icy'igihe gito.
Kuvura Hypothyroidism
Niba ufite indwara ya Hashimoto's thyroiditis, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira uburyo bwo gusimbuza imisemburo ya tiroyide, nka levothyroxine . Ushobora gukenera gufata uyu muti igihe kirekire, kuko hypothyroidism iterwa na Hashimoto's akenshi iba ihoraho.
Niba ufite indwara ya thyroiditis ifata mu mwanya wa kabiri, idakora neza cyangwa nyuma yo kubyara, kandi ukaba ufite ibimenyetso bya hypothyroidism, muganga wawe ashobora kuguha imiti yo gusimbuza imisemburo mu gihe cy'amezi 6 kugeza kuri 12. Nyuma y'ibyo, bazagukurikirana kugira ngo barebe niba hypothyroidism ikomeje.
Niba hypothyroidism yawe ari nto, kuvurwa bishobora kuba bidakenewe.
Ubundi buryo bwo kuvura indwara ya Tiroidite
Niba ufite indwara ya thyroiditis yandura cyane , iyi ndwara igomba kuvurwa, akenshi hakoreshejwe imiti yica udukoko . Niba ufite ikibyimba (urusaku rw'ibisebe), muganga wawe ashobora gukenera kugufasha gukamura urushinge kugira ngo arukure.
Indwara ya thyroiditis iterwa n'imiti ikunze kugaragara iyo imiti itera iyi ndwara ihagaritswe. Muganga wawe ashobora kuguhindurira undi muti cyangwa akagukomeza gufata umuti umwe mu gihe uvura thyroiditis akoresheje levothyroxine nibiba ngombwa. Wibuke ko, niba hari ikibazo cyihutirwa, hamagara serivisi zihutirwa (911) cyangwa usure ibitaro bikwegereye ako kanya nk'uko byategetswe na Nirogi Lanka.
Ububabare buterwa na thyroiditis yandura ikabije na thyroiditis ya subacute bushobora gukemurwa n'imiti igabanya ububabare itari iya steroide (NSAIDs) , nka aspirine cyangwa ibuprofen . Hari igihe, iyo ububabare bukabije, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti ya steroide .
Ku ndwara ya thyroiditis ya Riedel, kubagwa akenshi ni ngombwa.
Ese indwara ya thyroiditis ishobora kwirindwa?
Ikibabaje ni uko ubwoko bwinshi bwa thyroiditis budashobora kwirindwa .
Niba uteganyirijwe uburyo bwo kuvura iyode ikoresheje imirasire cyangwa imirasire, ganira na muganga wawe ku ngaruka zo kurwara thyroiditis. Hari igihe ubundi buryo bwo kuvura bushobora gufatwa nk'uburyo bwo kugabanya iyi ngaruka.
Niba ufata imiti ishobora gutera indwara ya thyroiditis, vugana na muganga wawe niba iyi miti ishobora guhindurwa cyangwa guhagarikwa. Ariko, menya ko nubwo waba ufite izi ngamba zo kwirinda, kwirinda indwara ya thyroiditis burundu bishobora kutashoboka buri gihe.
Ni iki giteganyijwe ku ndwara ya thyroiditis?
Muri rusange, imiterere y'indwara ya thyroiditis iba ari myiza .
Ku bijyanye na Hashimoto's thyroiditis, hypothyroidism iterwa nayo akenshi iba ihoraho, ariko ishobora gukemurwa neza ubuzima bwose hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusimbuza imisemburo ya tiroyide.
Ku barwayi bafite indwara ya thyroiditis ifata imirasire y’amaraso (subacute thyroiditis), ibimenyetso bikunze kugumaho mu gihe cy’ukwezi kumwe kugeza kuri atatu. Ariko, bishobora gufata amezi 12 kugeza kuri 18 kugira ngo imikorere yose ya thyroid isubire ku murongo. Hari ibyago bike, bigera kuri 5% byo kurwara thyroiditis ihoraho kuri abo barwayi.
Gukira indwara ya thyroiditis nyuma yo kubyara no mu gihe cyo kuruhuka (itababaza) bifata amezi agera kuri 12 kugeza kuri 18. Izi ndwara zifite ibyago bigera kuri 20% byo kurwara hypothyroidism ihoraho.
Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?
Niba waranduye thyroiditis, uzakenera kwisuzumisha buri gihe kugira ngo ukurikirane ibimenyetso byawe kandi urebe neza ko gahunda yawe yo kuvura ikora neza.
Niba ibimenyetso byawe birushijeho gukomera cyangwa ubonye ibimenyetso bishya bikubangamiye , nyamuneka hamagara umuganga wawe vuba bishoboka.
Ni ibisanzwe rwose kumva ufite stress iyo uhuye n'indwara ya thyroid. Inkuru nziza ni uko thyroiditis ikunze kugorana, kandi rimwe na rimwe, ishobora kuba indwara y'igihe gito. Niba ufite ikibazo ku bijyanye na thyroiditis cyangwa gahunda yawe yo kuvura, vugana na muganga wawe. Barahari kugira ngo bagufashe muri buri ntambwe yo kwitabwaho.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
Turizera ko iyi ncamake yaguhaye ubumenyi burambuye ku ndwara ya thyroiditis. Wibuke:
- Tiroidite ni ububyimbirwe bw'agahu ka tiroyide kari mu ijosi ryawe.
- Bishobora gutuma umubiri wawe ukora imisemburo myinshi cyane cyangwa mike cyane ya tiroyide .
- Hari ubwoko n'ibyiciro bitandukanye ; Hashimoto ni yo ikunze kugaragara cyane.
- Ibimenyetso biratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bwabyo kandi bishobora kuba birimo umunaniro, impinduka z'ibiro, gutera k'umutima ku buryo butunguranye, ndetse n'impinduka mu byiyumvo .
- Iyi ndwara ikunze guterwa n'ingaruka z'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri .
- Ubusanzwe indwara ipimwa binyuze mu gupima amaraso no gukoresha ultrasound .
- Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'ubwoko bw'indwara n'ibimenyetso byayo. Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zihita zikira burundu , mu gihe izindi zishobora gukenera ubuvuzi bw'igihe kirekire .
- Menya indwara idakunze kugaragara kandi ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga yitwa thyroid storm . Nubona ibi bimenyetso, shaka ubufasha bwihutirwa bwihuse .
- Niba ufite impungenge ku buzima bwawe, buri gihe banza uganire na muganga wawe vuba.
Muri Nirogi Lanka, twizera ko imibereho myiza yawe ari yo ishyirwa imbere!
