VQ Scan ni iki? Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye!

Nkuko mubizi, abaganga bakoresha ibizamini bitandukanye kugira ngo barebe ibibazo biri mu mibiri yacu. Ushobora kuba uzi ibintu nka X-rays na CT scans. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku bwoko butandukanye gato bwa scan bukoreshwa no kureba mu buryo bwimbitse imikorere y'ibihaha byacu. Ibi byitwa VQ scan. Nubwo izina rishobora kumvikana nk'irigoye, mu by'ukuri ni ryoroshye cyane.

Mu magambo make, VQ scan ni iki?

Gupima VQ ni ikizamini cy’ibice bibiri, kidakoresha uburyo bwo gupima ibihaha byawe, kigapima uburyo umwuka utembera n’amaraso bivamo.

'V' muri iryo zina isobanura guhumeka , ari na ko umwuka winjira ukanasohoka mu bihaha byawe. 'Q' isobanura gusohora amaraso , ari na ko amaraso menshi atemba ajya mu mitsi mito y'amaraso mu bihaha byawe. Rero rimwe na rimwe byitwa gupima umwuka uva mu bihaha, gupima ibihaha, cyangwa gupima ibihaha.

Ni mu bihe bihe iyi scan ikoreshwa?

Abaganga bakunze gukoresha VQ scan kugira ngo barebe niba amaraso yapfunditse mu bihaha byawe (Pulmonary Embolism, cyangwa PE) . Ibi bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga iyo bitavuwe neza. Binakoreshwa mu gusuzuma CTEPH (Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension) , indwara itera umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu mitsi y'ibihaha.

Si ibyo gusa, kandi iyi scan inafasha kugenzura imikorere y'ibihaha byawe mu bundi buryo butandukanye.

• Nyuma yo guterwa ibihaha.
• Mbere yo kubagwa kugira ngo haveho igihaha cyangwa igice cyacyo.
• Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma cyangwa kuvura izindi ndwara z'ibihaha, nka COPD (Indwara y'ibihaha idakira) .

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya VQ scan na CT scan?

Nubwo ubwoko bwombi bwa scan bufata amafoto y'ibihaha kandi bugafasha mu kumenya ibibazo nk'amaraso apfutse, hari itandukaniro rigaragara hagati yabyo. Reka tubirebe mu mbonerahamwe.

Ni gute nakwitegura mbere yo gupimwa?

Mu by’ukuri, iyi scan ntabwo isaba imyiteguro yihariye. Ushobora kurya neza no gufata imiti yawe. Ariko, ugomba kubwira muganga wawe ibi bikurikira:

• Niba utwite cyangwa ukeka ko utwite: Iyi scan ikubiyemo imirasire mike, bityo ntabwo ari nziza ku mwana uri mu nda. Muri ibyo bihe, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kongera gupima.
• Niba uri umubyeyi wonsa: Kubera ko ikintu cyakoreshejwe mu gupima gishobora kwinjira mu mashereka, muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye y'uko wonsa umwana wawe umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri nyuma yo gupima.
• Niba ufite ingorane zo kuguma uhagaze mu mwanya umwe mu minota myinshi: Niba wimuka mu gihe cyo gupima, amashusho ntazaba asobanutse neza. Bityo rero ni ngombwa kubitumenyesha mbere y'igihe.

Ubusanzwe X-ray yo mu gituza itangwa mu masaha 24 nyuma yo gupimwa kwa VQ. Amakuru azava muri ibi azafasha muganga gusobanukirwa ibyavuye mu gupimwa kwa VQ.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo gupima?

Iki kizamini kimara iminota iri hagati ya 30 na 60 kugira ngo kirangire. Gifite ibice bibiri. Hari abantu bakora igice kimwe gusa, ariko abenshi bakora ibice byombi umunsi umwe.

Igice cya mbere: Gupima umwuka uhumeka

Ibi bikubiyemo kureba uburyo umwuka winjira mu bihaha byawe.

1. Ubwa mbere, uzambikwa agapfukamunwa cyangwa agapfukamunwa gapfuka umunwa n'izuru. Ushobora kandi gukenera gushyira agapfukamunwa gato ku mazuru yawe kugira ngo umenye neza ko uhumeka unyuze mu kanwa gusa.

2. Hanyuma, binyuze mu muyoboro uhujwe n'iki gikoresho, hongerwamo ikintu gito cyane cya radiyo (tracer) mu mwuka uhumeka. Tekereza nko gushyira agapapuro gato k'ibara ku mwuka uhumeka.

3. Uzategekwa kuryama ku buriri bwihariye hanyuma woherezwe mu mashini isa n'umuzingo. Cyangwa uzategekwa kwicara mu ntebe hanyuma ushyirwe imbere ya kamera.

4. Mu gihe uhumeka ukoresheje iyi mask, kamera yihariye izafata amafoto y'ibihaha byawe. Ushobora guhindurwa mu myanya itandukanye yo gufata amafoto akenewe.

Igice cya Kabiri: Gupima amaraso mu buryo bwa Perfusion Scan

Iki gice kirangira vuba iyo isuzuma ry'umwuka rirangiye. Iki gice kirareba uburyo amaraso atembera mu bihaha.

• Kuri iyi nshuro, ikintu cya radiyo (tracer) ntigihumekwa. Ahubwo, giterwa mu mitsi iri mu kuboko kwawe binyuze mu muyoboro wa IV .
• Hanyuma, bakoresheje kamera imwe nk'uko byari bimeze mbere, bafata amafoto y'amaraso atemba mu bihaha byawe.

Nabona nte ibisubizo nyuma yo gupimwa?

Ushobora gusubira mu mirimo yawe isanzwe nyuma yo gupimwa. Ibikoresho bya radiyo byatewe mu mubiri wawe bizava mu mubiri wawe binyuze mu mwuka wawe, inkari, n'imyanda mu masaha make cyangwa iminsi mike. Ubusanzwe uzabona ibisubizo byawe mu masaha 24.

Niba raporo y'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi ivuga ngo "Normal" cyangwa "Low probability," bivuze ko nta maraso afite. Niba ivuga ngo "Intermediate probability," bivuze ko bitazwi neza, kandi hashobora gukenerwa ibizamini byinshi. Niba ivuga ngo "High probability," bivuze ko hari amahirwe menshi yo kuvura amaraso, kandi muganga wawe azakubwira uburyo ukeneye bwo kuvurwa.

Ni ryari ugomba kujya kwa muganga byihutirwa?

Iyo ugaragaje ibimenyetso by'amaraso yacitse mu bihaha (pulmonary embolism) , ni ikibazo cyihutirwa.Hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya, cyangwa ujye mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze cy’ibitaro biri hafi yawe. Witondere ibi bimenyetso:

• Guhumeka bigoranye mu buryo butunguranye.
• Ububabare bukabije mu gituza, ku kuboko, ku rutugu, mu ijosi, cyangwa mu rwasaya.
• Gukorora hamwe n'amaraso cyangwa ntayo.
• Uruhu rwerurutse n'ibyuya bifashe.
• Ibara ry'ubururu ry'uruhu, iminwa, cyangwa inzara (cyanosis).
• Igipimo cy'umutima kiriyongera.
• Kubira ibyuya byinshi.