Tekereza kuri ibi, twese dutekereza ko buri karemangingo mu mubiri wawe gafite ADN yawe bwite, si byo se? Icyo ni cyo kintu cy'ibanze tuzi ku bijyanye na genetics. Ariko, ni gake cyane, umubiri w'umuntu ushobora kugira uturemangingo dufite ubwoko bwa kabiri bwa ADN butari ubwawo, kandi ibyo biratandukanye rwose. Bisa nkaho bitangaje gato, si byo se? Mu buvuzi, iyi ndwara itangaje tuyita 'Chimerism'. Ntugahangayike, si indwara. Reka turebe icyo ari cyo mu by'ukuri.
'Chimerism' ni iki?
Mu magambo make, chimerism ni ukuba hari uturemangingo tubiri mu mubiri w'umuntu umwe dukomoka ku bantu babiri batandukanye mu buryo bw'uturemangingo. Ibi bivuze ko uturemangingo tumwe na tumwe mu mubiri wawe dushobora kuba dufite ubwoko bumwe bwa ADN, mu gihe utundi turemangingo dushobora kuba dufite ubwoko butandukanye bwa ADN.
Bumwe mu buryo bw'ingenzi ibi bishobora kubaho ni ukubyara impanga. Tekereza umubyeyi utwite impanga mu nda ye. Mu byumweru bike bya mbere byo gutwita, imwe mu ntanga ishobora kunanirwa gukura no kuzimira kubera impamvu runaka. Ibi byitwa Vanishing Twin Syndrome. Iyo ibi bibaye, uturemangingo tw’urusoro rwabuze twinjizwa n’urundi rusoro rufite ubuzima bwiza. Bityo, umwana azaba afite uturemangingo twayo n’utundi turemangingo tw’urusoro rwabuze mu buzima bwe bwose.
Ubwoko bw'uturemangingo twishyira hamwe muri ubu buryo buratandukanye. Akenshi, iri tandukaniro rigaragara mu maraso. Byitwa 'blood chimerism'. Ibi biterwa nuko uturemangingo tw'amaraso twibandwaho mu musokoro w'amagufwa tuba dufite imbaraga kandi dushobora kunyura mu nyababyeyi byoroshye. Dukurikije ubushakashatsi, hafi 8% by'impanga zisanzwe zishobora kugira iyi ndwara. Mu bana batatu, amahirwe yo kubyara ariyongera kugera kuri 21%.
Ni izihe mpamvu zitera chimerism?
Nkuko twabiganiriyeho mbere, hari abantu bavukana iyi ndwara. Ariko, umuntu ashobora kugira chimerism mu gihe cy'ubuzima bwe. Hari impamvu ebyiri z'ingenzi zibitera. Reka tubice mu buryo bukurikira.
| Impamvu | Ibisobanuro by'uko bibaho |
|---|---|
| Ubwinshi bw'ibinyabutabire (Congenital Chimerism) | Iyi ni yo 'Vanishing Twin Syndrome' twavuze mbere. Intanga imwe irabura mu nda, uturemangingo twayo tugatwarwa n'urundi rusoro, bigatuma ubwoko bubiri bw'uturemangingo buguma mu mubiri ubuzima bwose. |
| Uburozi bw'ingufu bwabonetse | Ibi bikorwa nk'ubuvuzi burokora ubuzima. Urugero, tekereza ku gutera ingingo . Iyo umuntu ahawe impyiko n'undi muntu muzima, impyiko nshya ikorana na ADN y'uwayitanze. Uwayihawe aba afite ADN ye bwite n'iyayitanze. Ni nako bimeze no gutera umwongo w'amagufwa . Muri iki gihe, umwongo w'amagufwa y'uwayitanze muzima uterwa aho gutera umwongo w'amagufwa urwaye. Hanyuma uturemangingo tw'amaraso dushya twose tukorwa muri ADN y'uwayitanze. Ibi bishobora no guhindura ubwoko bw'amaraso y'umuntu. |
Ese hari ibimenyetso by'ibi?
Inkuru nziza ni uko abantu benshi bafite ikibazo cya chimerism nta bimenyetso bagira. Abantu benshi bamara ubuzima bwabo bwose batazi ko bafite iki kibazo. Kubera ko nta kizamini cyihariye cyacyo gitangwa, ni gake cyane kubona isuzuma.
Ariko, rimwe na rimwe ibi bishobora gutera ibibazo bidasanzwe, cyane cyane mu isuzuma rya ADN.
Tekereza, se akora ikizamini cya ADN kugira ngo yemeze ko umwana ari we nyirakuru. Ariko ibisubizo bikagaragara ko atari we se w'umwana. Yizeye 100% ko ari umwana we bwite. Ikigaragara hano ni uko niba se arwaye indwara ya chimerism, ADN ntabwo iri mu maraso ye cyangwa mu macandwe, ahubwo iri mu turemangingo tw'imyororokere (intanga). Ni ADN y'umuvandimwe wabuze mu nda. Hanyuma umwana afitanye isano na we nk'aho ari umwana w'umwe mu bavandimwe be, ni ukuvuga umwishywa we cyangwa umwishywa we.
Ibintu nk'ibyo bishobora no kuba ku mubyeyi. Kubwibyo, akenshi, chimerism irasuzumwa bitewe n'uko ibintu bitagenda neza mu gihe cyo gupima ADN nk'iki.
Ese iki kibazo gishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye?
Chimerism si indwara cyangwa indwara iteje akaga, ariko ishobora guteza ibibazo bimwe na bimwe niba utabizi.
- Ibibazo by’amategeko: Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, ibisubizo bitari byo by’ibizamini by’ababyeyi bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by’amategeko bijyanye no kurera abana. Hari ibintu byinshi nk’ibyo byagaragaye hirya no hino ku isi.
- Ibibazo byo mu mutwe:Hari abantu bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo gutungurwa mu mutwe no kwiyumvamo ko ari umuntu runaka iyo bamenye ko bafite ibice by'umubiri w'undi muntu.
- Akamaro k'ubuvuzi: Bishobora kuba ngombwa kumenya iki kibazo mu gihe cyo guhuza ingirabuzimafatizo mbere yo gutera urugingo.
Ariko ababyeyi ntibagomba guhangayikishwa n'indwara ya 'vanishing twin syndrome'. Iyo ibaye mu mezi atatu ya mbere yo gutwita, ntacyo izatwara umubyeyi cyangwa umwana muzima. Umubyeyi ashobora kutabona ibimenyetso uretse kuva amaraso make.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Chimerism ni ukuba hariho ubwoko bubiri bwa ADN mu kinyabuzima kimwe. Ibi bikunze kubaho binyuze mu kwinjiza uturemangingo mu mpasa iri mu nda cyangwa binyuze mu gutera urugingo/umusemburo w'amagufwa.
- Iyi si indwara iteje akaga. Abantu benshi bafite chimerism nta bimenyetso bagira.
- Ikibazo nyamukuru kivuka ku bipimo bya ADN, cyane cyane mu bintu nk'ibipimo by'ababyeyi, aho ibisubizo bishobora kuba bidahuye.
- Niba wagize ikibazo kidasobanutse ku bisubizo bya ADN, vugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'uko bishoboka ko habaho chimerism.
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