Muviri wedu, kutaura chokwadi, chisikwa chinoshamisa zvikuru. Kungofanana nechivakwa chakanaka uye chakavakwa zvakasimba. Kungofanana nechivakwa ichi chine furemu yakasimba, muviri wedu une furemu yakasimbawo. Ndiyo system yedu yemapfupa, kana sezvatinoidana, mapfupa. Waizviziva here kuti kune mapfupa 206 mumuviri wemunhu mukuru? Aya mapfupa 206 pamwe chete anotibatsira kumira takananga, kufamba, kumhanya, kusvetuka, uye kudzivirira nhengo dzakakosha senge uropi hwedu nemoyo. Saka nhasi tichataura nezvechikamu chakakosha uye chikuru chemapfupa aya. Ndiyo mapfupa emusana . Kunyange zvazvo zita racho richinzwika serakaoma zvishoma, nyaya yacho iri nyore. Ngationei kuti chii ichi.
Chii chinonzi axial skeleton?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, mapfupa emusana ndiwo musimboti mukuru wemuviri wedu, kureva mapfupa ari pakati nepakati. Funga nezvawo semuti wemuti. Matavi emuti anobva pamuti, handiti? Ndizvo zvakabatana nhengo dzemuviri wedu, semaoko nemakumbo edu, nemusimboti uyu mukuru.
Chikamu chikuru ichi chinoumbwa ne:
- Musoro wako (dehenya)
- Mutsipa
- Musana (musana)
- Chipfuva (mudumbu rechipfuva)
Mapfupa ari muzvikamu zvakabatana. Zita iri rinobva pashoko rechirungu rekuti "axis". Rinoreva "axis". Saka zita iri rakapihwa nekuti riri padivi pechikamu chepakati chemuviri.
Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pemasisitimu emapfupa e axial ne appendicular?
Tambotaura kare kuti mapfupa emuviri wedu akakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvikuru. Chimwe imapfupa emusana atiri kutaura nezvawo. Chimwe imapfupa emusana . Musiyano uripo pakati pezviviri izvi uri nyore kunzwisisa.
- Mafupa eAxial: Iyi ndiyo purani yemuviri wedu. Kureva, dehenya, musana, uye mbabvu.
- Mapfupa eAppendicular: Aya ndiwo mamwe mapfupa ese "akabatanidzwa" kana "akabatana" nemapfupa makuru. Izwi rekuti append rinoreva "kubatanidza." Saka izvi zvinosanganisira mapfupa ari mumapfudzi ako, maoko, minwe, chiuno, makumbo, nezvigunwe.
Fungidzira rack yembatya. Bango rakamira rakaita se skeleton ye axial. Maoko anotambanuka kubva pabango iroro kuenda kune mbatya kumativi ese akafanana ne skeleton ye accessory. Unonzwisisa here?
Ndeapi mabasa makuru ehurongwa hwemapfupa emusana?
Mabasa anoitwa nehurongwa uhwu hwemapfupa kumuviri wedu haasi asina kukosha. Heano mamwe emabhenefiti makuru ahunotipa:
1. Kuchengetedza:Ichi ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Dehenya rako rinodzivirira uropi hwako, sengowani yebhasikoro. Musana wako unodzivirira musana unofamba nepakati pawo. Mbabvu dzako dzinodzivirira nhengo dzinonzwa zviri mukati maro, semwoyo wako nemapapu.
2. Kutsigira muviri: Iyi mapfupa emusana anotibvumira kumira uye kugara takamira. Musana wacho unoshanda sembiru huru inotsigira huremu hwese hwemuviri wedu.
3. Kubatana kweTsunda: Tsandanyama dzinotibatsira kufambisa musoro wedu, mutsipa, uye dumbu zvakabatana nemapfupa aya emusana. Tsandanyama dzinotibatsira kufema dzakabatanawo nembabvu.
4. Kupa kugadzikana kwehurongwa hwemapfupa: Kuti maoko nemakumbo edu ashande zvakanaka, furemu huru yaakabatanidzwa inofanira kunge yakasimba. Kugadzikana ikoko kunopihwa nechikamu ichi.
Mapfupa mangani ari mu axial skeletal system?
Mapfupa edu emusana ane mapfupa makumi masere . Ngationei kuti mapfupa aya makumi masere ndeapi uye kuti ari kupi ari ega.
Ngatizviparadzanisei muzvikamu zvishanu zvikuru:
- Mapfupa edehenya
- Matumbu enzeve yepakati
- Pfupa reHyoid mumutsipa
- Koramu yemuzongoza
- Keji yechipfuva
Zvino ngatitarisei chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu izvi zvakadzama.
Dehenya - Ngowani yedu yekudzivirira yechisikigo
Dehenya redu harisi pfupa rimwe chete. Iboka remapfupa. Aya akakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvikuru. Iwo mapfupa emusoro nemapfupa echiso.
- Mapfupa emusoro: Aya ndiwo mapfupa masere anokomberedza nekudzivirira uropi hwedu.
- Mapfupa echiso: Aya ndiwo mapfupa gumi nemana anobatsira kugadzira chiso chedu uye kugadzira zvinhu zvakaita semaziso, mhino, nemuromo.
| Mapfupa edehenya (mapfupa makumi maviri nemaviri ese) | |
|---|---|
| Zita repfupa | Nhamba |
| Mapfupa eCranial - 8 | |
| Mapfupa eparietal | 2 (mbiri kudivi rimwe nerimwe) |
| Mapfupa epanguva | 2 (mbiri kudivi rimwe nerimwe) |
| Pfupa repamberi | 1 (huma) |
| Pfupa reOccipital | 1 (kumashure kwemusoro) |
| Pfupa reEthmoid | 1 (pakati pemaziso) |
| Pfupa reSphenoid | 1 (hwaro hwedehenya) |
| Mapfupa Echiso - 14 | |
| Mapfupa eMaxilla | 2 (shaya yepamusoro) |
| Mapfupa eZygomatic | 2 (matama) |
| Pfupa remazamu | 1 (shaya yepazasi) |
| Mapfupa emhino | 2 (zambuko remhino) |
| Mapfupa ePalatine | 2 (kuseri kwezviitiko) |
| Mapfupa e concha emhino | 2 (mukati memhino) |
| Mapfupa emudumbu | 2 (mukati meziso) |
| Pfupa rekurutsa | 1 (pakati pemhino) |
Mafupa madiki ari pakati pezeve (Auditory Ossicles)
Mapfupa matatu madiki mumuviri wedu ari pakati pezeve. Aya madiki kwazvo. Basa rawo guru nderekutumira ruzha rwunosvika panzeve kuenda munzeve yemukati. Mapfupa aya ari munzeve dzese. Izvi zvinoreva matatu munzeve imwe, uye matanhatu munzeve dzese.
| Zita repfupa | Huwandu hwese |
|---|---|
| Mapfupa eMalleus | 2 (imwe chete panzeve) |
| Mapfupa eIncus | 2 (imwe chete panzeve) |
| Mapfupa eStapes | 2 (imwe chete panzeve) |
Pfupa reHyoid mumutsipa
Iri ipfupa rakasiyana zvikuru. Nekuti pfupa iri rehyoid harina kubatana zvakananga nerimwe pfupa mumuviri wedu. Rakaita seriri kuyerera. Pfupa iri rakaita seshangu yebhiza riri pamberi pemutsipa, pakati pezasi negland re thyroid. Rinobatwa munzvimbo yaro netsandanyama nemarunda. Pfupa iri rinotibatsira kufema, kutaura, uye kumedza chikafu. Ndiro rega.
Mbiru yeVertebral - Mbiru huru yemuviri
Musana, kana kuti musana, ndiwo chikamu chikuru chemuviri wedu chinorema. Wakagadzirwa nemapfupa madiki (vertebrae) akaunganidzwa pamusoro pemumwe nemumwe. Musana, unobva kuuropi, unomhanya uchidzika nemumapfupa aya. Musana unodzivirira musana uyu.
Musana unowanzova nemapfupa makumi maviri nemana emusana, sacrum, uye coccyx. Ngatizviparadzanise kuita zvikamu zvishanu.
| Chikamu | Huwandu hwemapfupa emusana (vertebrae) | Basa guru |
|---|---|---|
| Mutsipa wemutsipa wechibereko | 7 | Kugadzira mutsipa nekutsigira musoro. |
| Mutsipa wechipfuva | 12 | Kutsigira kubatana kwembabvu dziri muchipfuva. |
| Mutsipa wemusana weLumbar | 5 | Kutakura mutoro unorema kupfuura mimwe yose mumuviri. |
| Sacrum | 1 (pakutanga 5, yakawedzerwa gare gare) | Inobatanidza pfupa rehudyu kuti igadzire chiuno. |
| Boka remuswe/muswe | 1 (pakutanga 4, yakawedzerwa gare gare) | Kuguma kwemusana. Kubvumira tsandanyama kuti dzibatane. |
Keji yeChipfuva - Mudziviriri weMwoyo neMapapu
Keji yembabvu, kana kuti keji yembabvu, inodzivirira nhengo dzinokosha dzakadai semwoyo nemapapu edu. Inewo tsandanyama dzinobatanidzwa mukufema uye dzimwe tsandanyama dzinobatanidzwa mukufamba kwemaoko.
| Zita repfupa | Nhamba netsananguro |
|---|---|
| Sternum/pfupa repazamu | 1 (pfupa refu, rakati sandara riri pakati pechipfuva) |
| Mbabvu | 24 (mapeya gumi nemaviri. 12 kudivi rimwe nerimwe) |
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinokanganisa mapfupa emutsipa?
Hunhu hwedu hukuru hunogonawo kukanganiswa nemamiriro akasiyana-siyana ehutano. Mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anoora anoitika patinokura. Mamwe anogona kukonzerwa nezvirwere kana tsaona.
- Ankylosing Spondylitis: Iyi imhando yearthritis inokonzera kuzvimba kwenguva refu kwemusana nekurwadziwa kwemusana.
- Axial Spondylometaphyseal Dysplasia: Ichi chirwere chemajini chinokonzera kupfupika kwehurefu nekuda kwekusakura zvakanaka kwemapfupa.
- Kuora Kwemapfupa: Mapfupa anooma nekuda kwekukura kwenyama ine fibrous panzvimbo pemapfupa ane hutano.
- Kutsemuka kwemapfupa: Kuwanda kwemapfupa kunoderera sezvatinokura, zvichiita kuti mapfupa akwanise kutsemuka kana tikadonha zvishoma.
- Osteoporosis: Chirwere chinoita kuti mapfupa asave nesimba nekuda kwekushaikwa kwecalcium mumuviri.
- Chirwere chePaget chepfupa: Chirwere ichi chinoita kuti mapfupa akure uye asave nesimba kupfuura zvakajairika.
Kana uine zviratidzo zvakadai, zvakakosha kuti uone chiremba wako nekukasika kuti akupe mazano.
Tingachengetedza sei mapfupa edu emusana aine hutano?
Ibasa redu kuchengetedza chimiro ichi chakakosha chemuviri wedu chakasimba. Pane zvimwe zvinhu zviri nyore zvatinogona kuita kuti tidaro.
- Maekisesaizi akanaka: Maekisesaizi eCardio akadai sekufamba nekumhanya uye kurovedza muviri sekusimbisa muviri sekusimudza masimbi zvese zvinobatsira kusimbisa mapfupa.
- Wana hope dzakakwana: Wana maawa manomwe pazuva. Miviri yedu inozvigadzirisa patinenge takarara.
- Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka: Sezvo huremu hwemuviri huchiwedzera, kumanikidzwa kwakawanda kunoiswa pamapfupa, kunyanya musana nemakumbo.
- Idya chikafu chine calcium yakawanda nevhitamini D: Zvikafu zvemukaka zvakaita semukaka, yogati, nechizi, hove diki (dzine mapfupa), maarumondi, nemiriwo mitema zvine calcium yakawanda. Nzira yakanakisa yekuwana vhitamini D ndeyekutsva nezuva remangwanani.
- Dzivisa kusvuta: Kusvuta kunogona kuderedza ropa rinoenda kumapfupa, izvo zvisina kunaka pahutano hwemapfupa.
- Tsvaga mazano echiremba: Taura nachiremba wako nezvekuongororwa kwemapfupa, kunyanya kana wapfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu.
Mapfupa edu emusana ndiwo chikamu chakakosha chemuviri wedu, chinotidzivirira muhupenyu hwedu hwese uye chinotipa simba rekumira. Saka ibasa redu kuachengeta zvakanaka.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Sisitimu yemapfupa emuviri wedu yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvikuru: sisitimu yemapfupa eparutivi neaparutivi.
- Mafupa emusana ndiwo mapfupa makumi masere anoumba dehenya, musana, uye mbabvu, ari padivi pechikamu chepakati chemuviri.
- Basa rayo guru nderekuchengetedza nhengo dzinokosha dzakadai seuropi, musana, moyo, nemapapu.
- Izvi zvinopawo rutsigiro kumuviri, zvinobatsira kuti urambe wakamira, uye zvinoita kuti tsandanyama dzishande.
- Nekutevera mararamiro ane hutano (kudya kwakanaka, kurovedza muviri, kurara zvakakwana), unogona kuchengetedza mapfupa ako akasimba uye ane hutano.
- Kana uine matambudziko kana kurwadziwa kunokonzerwa nemapfupa ako, gara uchibvunza chiremba.
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