Une dambudziko rekufema here seasthma? Panguva dzakadaro, chiremba anogona kunge akakuudza kuti ushandise mushonga wekufemesa. Beta-agonists imhando yemushonga uri mumishonga iyoyo inoita kuti kufema kwedu kuve nyore. Kunyange zvazvo zita iri rakaoma zvishoma, basa rayo riri nyore kwazvo. Ngatitaurei nezveizvi zvakadzama, zviri nyore.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi beta-agonist?
Funga nezvemasero ari mumiviri yedu seane 'switches' shoma kana 'mabhatani'. Mukurapa, tinoadaidza kuti mareceptors. Rudzi urwu rwemushonga, runonzi beta-agonist, runobatidza aya 'switches' anonzi beta-receptors mumapapu edu nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.
Kana switch iyi yabatidzwa, tsandanyama dzakatenderedza nzira dzekufema dziri mumapapu dzinozorora. Izvi zvinovhura nzira dzekufema dzakamanikana uye zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuti tikwanise kufema. Ndosaka mishonga iyi ichinziwo 'bronchodilators'. Pamusoro pezvo, inobatsira kuwedzera kurova kwemoyo uye kuwedzera kushanda kwemoyo kusvika pamwero wakati.
Kune mhando huru dze beta-agonists here?
Ehe, mishonga iyi yakakamurwawo muzvikamu zvitatu zvikuru, zvichienderana nerudzi rwema beta-receptors mumuviri wedu.
- Beta-1 agonists: Izvi zvinonyanya kukanganisa mareceptors mumoyo medu. Rudzi urwu rwemushonga runoita kuti mwoyo urove nekukurumidza uye runobatsira kuti upombe ropa nesimba rakawanda. Ndosaka vanachiremba vachiashandisa mune mamwe mamiriro emwoyo uye emergency.
- Beta-2 agonists: Iyi ndiyo mhando inonyanya kushandiswa. Mishonga iyi, kunyanya iyo inopihwa neinhaler, inoshanda nekusunga zvakananga kuma receptors mumapapu , ichizorodza tsandanyama dziri munzira dzekufema uye zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kufema. Inokosha mukurapa zvirwere zvakaita seasthma neCOPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease).
- Beta-3 agonists: Iyi imhando itsva yemishonga. Mishonga iripo pari zvino mukirasi iyi inonyanya kushanda nekuzorodza tsandanyama dziri mudundira , zvichideredza kuda kuita weti nguva nenguva. Izvi zvinoreva kuti inoshandiswa kurapa chirwere chinonzi dundira rinoita basa rakawandisa.
Kunewo mhando dze beta-2 agonists.
Ehe, rudzi urwu rwe beta-2 runopihwa kune vane matambudziko ekufema rwakakamurwawo kuita zvikamu zviviri. Zvakakosha kuti uzive izvi.
| Rudzi rwemushonga | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Beta-Agonists Vanoshanda Nenguva Pfupi (SABA) | Izvi zvinonzi "rescue inhalers." Zvinoshandiswa kana chirwere cheasthma chikangoerekana chawedzera kana kuti kana uchinetseka kufema. Zvinoshanda mukati memaminitsi mashoma uye zvinopa zororo nekukurumidza. |
| Beta-Agonists Vanoshanda Nguva Refu (LABA) | Izvi hazvisi zvekurerutsira nekukurumidza. Zvinoshandiswa zuva nezuva, panguva dzakatarwa, kudzora zviratidzo uye kudzivirira matambudziko ekufema. Mhedzisiro yazvo inogara kwemaawa akati wandei. Zvinowanzo pihwa pamwe chete nemushonga westeroid (corticosteroid). |
Mushonga uyu unoshanda sei mumuviri?
Nzira yakanakisisa yekunzwisisa izvi ndeyekufunga nezvemhinduro yemuviri wedu "yekurwa kana kuti kutiza". Fungidzira kuti wava kuda kusangana nenjodzi isingatarisirwi. Panguva iyoyo, muviri wako unogadzirira kurwa kana kuti kutiza.
Panguva ino, zviratidzo zvinobva kuuropi, zvichiwedzera nzira dzekufema mumapapu kuti awane okisijeni yakawanda, uye zvichikurumidzisa kurova kwemoyo kuti ropa iroro rine okisijeni riende kutsandanyama nekukurumidza.
Ndizvo chaizvo zvinoitwa nemishonga ye beta-agonist. Inobatidza 'switches' dzakakodzera (receptors) uye inoita kuti muviri upindure sekunge uri kutarisana nedambudziko rekukurumidza. Ndosaka tsandanyama dziri mumapapu dzichizorora, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kufema.
Ndeapi mishonga ye beta-agonist inonyanya kushandiswa?
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemishonga ye beta-agonist inonyorerwa navanachiremba. Heano mimwe mienzaniso:
| Rudzi rwemishonga | Mienzaniso (mazita emishonga) |
|---|---|
| Beta-2 inoshanda kwenguva pfupi (SABA) | Salbutamol / Albuterol, Levalbuterol |
| Beta-2 inoshanda kwenguva refu (LABA) | Formoterol, Salmeterol, Indacaterol |
| Beta-1 agonist | Dobutamine, Norepinephrine |
| Beta-3 agonist mushonga wekurapa chirwere chemwoyo | Mirabegron |
Pane mimwe migumisiro yakaipa pamushonga uyu here?
Kufanana nemushonga upi zvawo, vanhu vanonwa beta-agonists vanogona kukonzera migumisiro yakaipa mune vamwe vanhu. Zvisinei, kana ikashandiswa semushonga wekufemesa, mushonga wacho unoenda zvakananga kumapapu, saka migumisiro yacho inowanzova isina kunyanya kuipa. Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vanogona kusangana ne:
- Kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza (Tachycardia)
- Kurova kwemoyo kusina kurongeka (Arrhythmia)
- Kudedera
- Kunetseka
- Musoro
- Kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama
- Kudikitira
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti kana ukasangana nemhedzisiro iyi, kana kuti ukanzwa chimwe chinhu chisina kujairika mushure mekushandisa mushonga, taura nachiremba wako nekukasika. Iye anogona kukwanisa kugadzirisa dose kana kukupa mumwe mushonga.
Unofanira kuona chiremba rini?
Kune mamiriro ezvinhu akati wandei apo zvakakosha zvikuru kuona chiremba wako.
- Kana ukasangana nemigumisiro isingafadzi uye isingatarisirwi .
- Kana uchinzwa sekuti mushonga wako hausi kushanda zvakanaka sezvawaimboita (semuenzaniso, unofanira kushandisa mushonga wako wekufema kupfuura kare kuti uwane zororo).
- Kana uchinzwa kuti zviratidzo zvako zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera kuipa uye usingakwanise kuzvidzora .
Muchiitiko ichi, chiremba wako anogona kuongorora hurongwa hwako hwekurapa uye kukupa mhinduro yakasununguka uye inoshanda.Usamborega kutora mushonga wako kana kuchinja mushonga wacho usina kupiwa mazano nachiremba. Kana ukasangana nemigumisiro yakaipa, enda kuchipatara chiri pedyo neEmergency Department (ETU) nekukasika.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Mishonga yeBeta-agonists imhando yemishonga inoita kuti kufema kuve nyore, inonyanya kushandiswa pazvirwere zvekufema zvakaita seasthma neCOPD.
- Kune mhando mbiri huru: inoshanda kwenguva pfupi (SABA) iyo inopa rubatsiro nekukurumidza munguva dzenjodzi, uye inoshanda kwenguva refu (LABA) iyo inopa kudzora chirwere kwenguva refu.
- Nguva dzose shandisa mushonga uyu sezvawakarairwa nachiremba wako, uye chete muchiyero chakanyorerwa .
- Ziva migumisiro yakadai sekurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza uye maoko anodedera. Kana uchinzwa kusagadzikana, zivisa chiremba wako nekukasika.
- Kana uchinzwa sekuti kurapwa kwako hakusi kushanda zvakanaka kana kuti zviratidzo zvako zviri kuwedzera kuipa, usazvirape wega wotsvaga mazano kuna chiremba.
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