Mwana wako anoita seanofara uye achitamba kamwe chete, obva atanga kuchema nekuchema pasina chikonzero here? Kana kuti anongogara mukamuri make oita seanosuruvara pasina chikonzero here? Semubereki, ungafunga kuti, "Ko vana ava?" Asi dzimwe nguva, kuchinja-chinja uku kwemanzwiro kunogona kuva zvinopfuura kungogumbuka chete. Nhasi, tiri kutaura nezvechirwere chinonzi Bipolar Disorder muvana.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi bipolar disorder?
Dambudziko reBipolar chirwere chepfungwa chinogara kwenguva refu chinokonzera shanduko huru mumanzwiro emunhu, simba rake, mafungiro ake, uye maitiro ake. Pakutanga chainzi 'chirwere chekushungurudzika kwepfungwa'.
Funga nezvazvo sekutasva roller coaster. Imwe nguva unonzwa wakakwira zvakanyanya, uchifara, uzere nesimba. Imwe nguva unonzwa wakaderera zvakanyanya, uchisuruvara, usingabatsiri. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitika nebipolar disorder. Pane matanho maviri makuru:
- Mania: Iyi inguva yekunyanya kushushikana. Munguva iyi, munhu anonzwa simba rakawanda uye mufaro. Dzimwe nguva, chiitiko chisina kunyanya kufadza chinonzi hypomania chinogonawo kuitika.
- Kuora Mwoyo: Iyi ndiyo nguva iyo manzwiro anenge akaderera, uye pfungwa dzakazara nekusuwa. Munguva iyi, unorasikirwa nehanya nechero chinhu uye unonzwa kusuruvara zvikuru.
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti, pasina izvi zviviri zvakanaka nezvakaipa, pane dzimwe nguva apo mafungiro emwana anenge ari padanho rakajairika uye rakagadzikana (euthymia). Munguva idzodzo, mwana anodzokera pahunhu hwake hwemazuva ese.
Izvi zvinokanganisa sei vana kupfuura vakuru?
Muvanhu vakuru vane chirwere chepfungwa chinonzi bipolar disorder, zviitiko izvi zvekunyanya kupenga uye kuora mwoyo zvinoonekwa zvakajeka uye zvinogara kwevhiki imwe chete kana kupfuura. Asi izvi zvakasiyana muvana nevechidiki .
Kuchinja-chinja kwemafungiro evana kunokurumidza zvikuru. Vanogona kupfuura nekuchinja-chinja kwemafungiro uku pazuva rimwe chete. Fungidzira, mangwanani vanofara zvikuru uye vanoseka, masikati vanotsamwa uye vanopopota pachinhu chidiki, uye manheru vanotanga kuchema pasina chikonzero. Kuchinja kwakadaro kunogona kuonekwa muvana.
Izvi zvakasiyana zvikuru nekuchinja-chinja kwemafungiro kunoonekwa muhudiki hwemazuva ese. Mubipolar disorder, kuchinja-chinja kwemafungiro uku kwakanyanya, kazhinji pasina chikonzero chakajeka . Kunokonzerwawo ne:
- Kuchinja maitiro ekurara.
- Kuchinja kwesimba remuviri.
- Kuomerwa nekuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe chete uye kufunga zvakajeka.
Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuita kuti zviomere mwana kuita zvakanaka kuchikoro, kugarisana zvakanaka neshamwari, uye kunetsekana nevemhuri. Vamwe vana vanogona kutoedza kuzvikuvadza kana kuzviuraya.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinoonekwa pamwana?
Kana mwana aine chirwere chebipolar, anoratidza zviratidzo zvakasiyana panguva yekunyanya kupenga uye yekuora mwoyo. Vamwe vana vanogona kusangana nezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana. Ngationgororei kuti zviratidzo izvi chii.
| Zviratidzo zvekunyanya kupenga | Zviratidzo zveKuora Mwoyo |
|---|---|
| Kunzwa kufara zvakanyanya uye kufara pasina chikonzero chaicho. | Nguva dzose kusuruvara pasina chikonzero. |
| Ane simba uye anoshanda nesimba. | Handisisina kana hanya nezvinhu zvandaifarira kare. |
| Anokurumidza kutsamwa kupfuura zvaagara achiita uye anoparadza zvinhu. | Kuchema kakawanda. |
| Vanoseka uye vanoita zvinhu zvisina musoro nenzira dzisingakodzeri zera ravo. | Anoratidza hasha dzinokurumidza uye kusagadzikana. |
| Ndava nemazuva ndisina kurara zvakanaka uye ndaneta. | Haakwanise kurara, anomuka nekukurumidza, kana kurara zvakanyanya. |
| Vanotaura nekukurumidza, vasingamiri, uye havaregi vamwe vachitaura. | Muviri unonzwa usina simba. |
| Kutarisa kunochinja nekukurumidza, kubva pane chimwe chinhu kuenda pane chimwe. | Ndiri kuedza kugara kure neshamwari uye kuva ndega. |
| Vanofunga kuti vane masimba nehunyanzvi hwakakosha. | Basa rechikoro riri kuregeredzwa. |
| Vanoita mabasa ane njodzi (semuenzaniso doro) vasingafungi zvakanaka kana zvakaipa. | Vanotaura zvakaipa nezvavo uye vanozvitsoropodza. |
| Kuita zvinhu zvisina musoro pasina kunzwisisa. | Kutaura nezverufu kana kuzviuraya. |
Sei vana vaine chirwere ichi?
Hapana chikonzero chaicho chakawanikwa cheizvi, asi pane zvinhu zvishoma zvinokosha zvinotendwa nevesainzi.
- Majini: Chikonzero chikuru cheizvi imhaka yemajini inobva mukuzvarwa nayo. Vanhu vanopfuura zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu vane chirwere chebipolar vane nhengo yemhuri yepedyo ine chirwere ichi. Zvisinei, kungoti mumwe wemhuri aiva nacho hazvirevi kuti munhu wese achachiwana.
- Kuchinja kwehuropi: Vamwe vana vanowana shanduko dzakati wandei muchimiro uye mashandiro ehuropi hwavo.
- Kushungurudzika uye kushushikana: Kusangana nezviitiko zvakakomba, zvinoshungurudza, zvakaita sekufa kwemumwe wemhuri kana kushungurudzwa zvakanyanya, zvinogonawo kukonzera chirwere ichi kukura mumwana ane mafambiro emuviri.
Ungaziva sei kuti iyi idambudziko rebipolar?
Ichi ndicho chinhu chakaoma uye chakakosha kuita, nekuti zviratidzo zvebipolar disorder zvakafanana nezvezvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa zvinowanzoitika kuvana. Semuenzaniso:
- Matambudziko ekusanyatsoteerera (ADHD - Dambudziko rekusanyatsoteerera/Kusashanda nesimba)
- Matambudziko Ekuzvidya Mwoyo
- Kuora Mwoyo Kukuru
Saka, kuongororwa uku kunofanirwa kuitwa nachiremba akadzidziswa uye ane ruzivo, kunyanya chiremba wepfungwa.
Kana ukaendesa mwana wako kuna chiremba, achaita zvinhu zvinotevera:
- Kuongororwa kwemuviri wemwana.
- Kubvunza nekudzidza zvakadzama nezvemaitiro emwana nezviratidzo zvake kubva kwauri, kumwana, uye pamwe kunyange kuvadzidzisi vemwana.
- Kuita zvinhu zvakaita sekuongororwa ropa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti hapana zvimwe zvirwere.
- Kuita ongororo yakakwana yehutano hwepfungwa.
Yeukai, kana mwana wenyu aine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, musangofungidzira chete, asi onai chiremba ane hunyanzvi nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Kana chirwere chikaonekwa nekukurumidza, ndipo panobva pava nyore kurapa.
Inorapwa sei?
Dambudziko reBipolar chirwere chinogara kwenguva refu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kurapwa kunodiwa muhupenyu hwese. Chirongwa chekurapa chinobudirira chinowanzo sanganisira musanganiswa wezvinotevera:
Mishonga
Kurapa kukuru kwechirwere ichi mishonga. Chiremba achaongorora mamiriro emwana uye onyora mishonga inosimbisa mafungiro ake pamwe chete nemimwe mishonga inorwisa pfungwa. Zvakakosha zvikuru kupa mwana mushonga wakanyorwa nachiremba, muchiyero chakakodzera, panguva chaiyo.
Kurapa kwepfungwa
Kurapa uku kwakakosha semushonga. Kunopa mwana nemhuri kunzwisisa chirwere ichi uye kuti vangararama sei nacho.
- Kurapa kwakanangana nemhuri (FFT): Pano, mwana nevabereki vanobatana pamwe chete. Vanodzidziswa nezvechirwere, maitiro ekuvandudza kutaurirana pakati pavo, uye maitiro ekugadzirisa matambudziko.
- Kurapa Kwenguva: Izvi zvinobatsira mwana kuti agare nguva dzose.
- Kurapa Nekubatana Kwevanhu Uye Kushamwaridzana Nevanhu (IPSRT): Kunobatsira kudzora manzwiro nekutarisa mararamiro emwana ezuva nezuva, hukama hwevanhu, uye mafambiro emuviri.
Migumisiro yemishonga nezvinhu zvekuchenjerera
Kufanana nemishonga chero ipi zvayo, mishonga yebipolar disorder inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa. Kuwedzera huremu, hope, uye kusagadzikana zvinhu zvakajairika. Taura nachiremba wako nezveizvi uye uzive zvakawanda.
Vana vanotora mushonga we lithium vanofanira kungwarira zvikuru. Chepfu ye lithium inogona kuitika chero nguva mwana akadzikira mu sodium (munyu) (semuenzaniso, kudikitira zvakanyanya, kurutsa, manyoka, fivha).
Kana mwana wako akaratidza chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, kurumidza kumuendesa kuEmergency Department (ETU) yechipatara chiri pedyo kana kuti uzivise chiremba wako.
- Kuona kusina kujeka kana kuona kaviri
- Kurova kwemoyo kusina kurongeka (kurova nekukurumidza kana kunonoka zvakanyanya)
- Kuoma kufema
- Kuvhiringidzika kwakanyanya uye dzungu
- Kudedera kwakanyanya kana kubatwa nepfungwa
- Kufamba kwemaziso kusingadzoreki
Kana uchida mazano mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, unogona zvakare kufonera National Poison Information Centre iri paColombo National Hospital .
Iwe semubereki ungabatsira sei mwana wako?
Kuchengeta mwana ane chirwere ichi idambudziko guru kuvabereki, asi rutsigiro rwenyu runokosha zvikuru kumwana.
- Iva nemwoyo murefu: Zvinotora nguva kuti uwane nzira chaiyo yekurapa uye kuti mwana wako ave nani. Saka iva nemwoyo murefu.
- Teerera mwana wako: Kurudzira mwana wako kuti ataure nezvemanzwiro ake. Iva muteereri akanaka.
- Ramba uine purogiramu yenguva dzose: Kunyanya nguva dzekurara dzakafanana uye nguva dzekumuka. Izvi zvinobatsira zvikuru pakudzora manzwiro.
- Nyatsoteerera manzwiro emwana wako: Chengeta zvinyorwa zvekuchinja kwemaitiro emwana wako. Izvi zvichabatsira chiremba kusarudza marapirwo.
- Tsanangura kukosha kwekurapwa: Dzidzisa mwana wako kuti kurapwa kunogona kuvandudza hupenyu hwake. Kurudzira mwana wako kuti atore mishonga yake nemazvo uye atore chikamu mukurapwa.
- Zvichengete: Rwendo urwu runonetesa zvikuru. Saka fungawo nezvehutano hwepfungwa dzako. Tsvaga mazano nerutsigiro kana zvichidikanwa.
Unofanira kutsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa panguva yekukurumidzira riini?
Kana mwana wako akaratidza chero maitiro anotevera, kurumidza kumuendesa kuEmergency Department (ETU) yechipatara chiri pedyo.
- Kana uri kutaura kana kufunga nezverufu kana kuzviuraya.
- Kana uri kufunga kana kuronga kuzvikuvadza iwe pachako kana vamwe.
- Kana uri kusangana nemamiriro ezvinhu akadai sekuona kana kunzwa zvinhu zvisipo (kufungidzira zvinhu zvisipo uye kufungidzira).
- Kana uri kuratidza zviratidzo zve chepfu ye lithium zvataurwa pamusoro apa.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Dambudziko reBipolar muvana harisi hunhu hwakaipa hwemwana kana kushaya hanya. Idambudziko rehutano chairo rinoda kurapwa.
- Kuongororwa kwechirwere nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwakakosha zvikuru kune ramangwana remwana.
- Kurapa kunosanganisira mishonga nekurapa nekutaura (psychotherapy). Inzira inotora nguva refu.
- Rudo, mwoyo murefu, uye rutsigiro rwevabereki zvakakosha kuti mwana akunde dambudziko iri.
- Musamborega kana kuchinja mushonga wemwana wenyu musina kupiwa mazano nachiremba.
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