Mwana wako ane dambudziko repfungwa here? Nyanzvi yepfungwa dzevana ingabatsira sei?

Hapana chinonyanya kukosha kupfuura mufaro nehutano hwevana vedu. Asi dzimwe nguva, patinotarisa matambudziko avo nekuchinja kwemaitiro, tinonzwawo mutoro mukuru pamoyo yedu. Pane dzimwe nguva patinofunga kuti, 'Chii chiri kunetsa mwana wangu?' Handiti? Nyanzvi yepfungwa dzevana munhu anogona kutibatsira panguva dzakadai.

Ndiani uyu chiremba wepfungwa dzevana?

Muchidimbu, chiremba wepfungwa dzevana munhu ane kudzidziswa kwakakosha uye hunyanzvi hwekurapa kuti aongorore nekurapa matambudziko epfungwa, emanzwiro, emagariro evanhu, uye ehunhu muvana, kubva kuvacheche kusvika kuvana vakuru, uye kunyangwe vakuru vechidiki.

Vane kunzwisisa kwakanaka kwezvinodiwa nevana mupfungwa, pamwe nekuti nharaunda yavo, yakadai semhuri, chikoro, neshamwari, inopesvedzera sei zvinhu izvi. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kugadzirisa magariro evanhu uye manzwiro
• Maitiro ekuvandudza
• Kuchinja maitiro

Vane ruzivo rwakadzama nezvepfungwa nemaitiro anokanganisa vana.

Chii chinoitwa nenyanzvi yepfungwa dzevana?

Nyanzvi yepfungwa dzevana inoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana nehunyanzvi painoshanda nevana. Funga nezvezvinhu zvakaita se:

• Miedzo yakasiyana-siyana (`kuyedza nekuongorora`) inoitwa kuti iongorore matambudziko emwana epfungwa, epfungwa, ekufunga, uye emaitiro.
• Nzira dzekurapa dzakadai se "Psychotherapy" - kureva kuti, "talk therapy" - uye "behavioral management" dzinoshandiswa.
• Zvirongwa zvekudzivirira zviri kugadzirwa kudzivirira kushungurudzwa, kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka, uye pamuviri pevechidiki vari muzvikoro.
• Vanobvunza vamwe nyanzvi navanachiremba vanoshanda nevana uye vanovapa mazano.

Dzimwe nguva, kana mwana aine chirwere, semuenzaniso, kana achinetseka nekurara, achirwadziwa kwenguva refu, kana achirwara kwenguva refu, nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzevana dzinobatsirawo vana ivavo.

Vana vanobatwa zvakasiyana nevakuru nekuti zera ravo, nhanho dzavo dzekunzwisisa, uye kukura kwavo zvakasiyana. Nokudaro, vanachiremba vepfungwa dzevana vanogona kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekurapa zvichienderana nezera remwana wako nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo. Dzimwe nguva, zvichienderana nezera remwana wako uye zvaanoda, chiremba wepfungwa dzevana anogona kutaura newe (kana nevanotarisira) uri wega kuti vakurukure hunyanzvi hwekurera kana nzira yakanakisisa yekugadzirisa maitiro emwana wako.

Vanoshandisa nzira dzipi dzekurapa?

Heano mamwe emishonga yavanogona kushandisa:

• `Kurapa neunyanzvi` (kurapa kuburikidza nezvinhu zvakaita sekudhirowa, kuumba, nezvimwewo)
• `Behavioral therapy` (kurapa kuchinja maitiro ehunhu)
• `Kurapa kwemitambo kunotarisa vana`
• `Kurapa hukama hwemwana nemubereki`
• `Kurapa kwevana nehasha` (kurapa kunobatsira vana kudzora hasha dzavo)
• `Kurapa kwekukuvara kwemwana` (kurapa zviitiko zvinoshungurudza zvinosangana nemwana)
• Kurapa kwemaitiro ekufunga (CBT) (kurapa kunobatsira kushandura mafungiro nemaitiro)
• Kurapa maitiro ekutaura (DBT) (kurapa kunobatsira kudzora manzwiro akasimba)
• `Kurapa kwakanangana nemanzwiro`
• `Kurapa kweboka kana kwemhuri`
• `Kurapa nemimhanzi`
• Kurapa kwemabasa (kubatsira nemabasa ezuva nezuva nekuvandudza hunyanzvi)
• `Kurapa kwekudyidzana kwevabereki nemwana`

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati penyanzvi yepfungwa dzevana nenyanzvi yekurapa vana?

Uyu mubvunzo unowanzo bvunzwa nevanhu vazhinji. Pane musiyano mudiki pakati pe "Child Therapist" ne "Child Psychologist".

Muchidimbu, chiremba wevana munhu ane dhigirii reMasters muchikamu chehutano hwepfungwa, senge psychology, counseling psychology, kana muchato nemhuri. Chiremba wevana ane hunyanzvi hwekuongorora hutano hwepfungwa nemaitiro evana uye kushandisa nzira dzekurapa, dzakadai se talk therapy. Vanowanzo tarisa zvakanyanya pakugadzirisa matambudziko.

Kune rumwe rutivi, chiremba wepfungwa dzevana munhu ane dhigirii rechiremba (dhigirii rakadai sePhD kana PsyD) uye anowanzo dzidziswa zvakanyanya mukutsvaga kwepfungwa kana maitiro ekiriniki. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti vanachiremba vepfungwa dzevana vanogona kuita bvunzo dzakawanda dzisingagone kuitwa nevarapi. bvunzo idzi dzinogona kubatsira kuona hutano hwepfungwa nematambudziko ekudzidza akadai seADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder), Autism Spectrum Disorder, uye mutsauko wekudzidza.

Mwana wangu anoda chiremba wepfungwa kana chiremba wepfungwa here? Ndingasarudza sei chiremba akakodzera?

Zvakanaka, ikozvino ungangove uchishamisika kuti, 'Mwana wangu anoda ani chaizvo?' Kutaura zvazviri, kunyange zvazvo paine kufanana kwakawanda mubasa rinoitwa nevanorapa vana nevanoongorora pfungwa dzevana, kunewo misiyano yakajeka mumasevhisi avanopa iwe nemwana wako.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba wepfungwa riini?

Nyanzvi yekurapa inogona kubatsira mwana wako kudzidza hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa matambudziko, kugadzirisa manzwiro akasimba, uye kuvaka hukama hwakanaka mumhuri.

Zvingava zvakanaka kuti mwana wako atsvage rubatsiro kubva kune nyanzvi yezvehutano mumamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:

• Taura nemwana wako nezvemanzwiro ake, kana achida rutsigiro rwemanzwiro ake.
• Kana mwana ari kunetseka nekuzvidya mwoyo, kuora mwoyo, hasha, kana shanduko huru muhupenyu.
• Kana muchida rubatsiro rwekuti mungabata sei mwana wenyu zvakanaka uye kuti mungagadzirisa sei maitiro akaoma emwana wenyu.
• Kana uchida kuti mwana wako agare achiona mumwe munhu uye ataure nemumwe munhu, uye usingatarisiri mishonga kana rubatsiro pamatambudziko akaomarara epfungwa.

Zvisinei, kana uchida "kuongororwa" kwebasa rechikoro remwana wako, semuenzaniso, re "IEP" (Hurongwa Hwedzidzo Yemunhu Mumwe Nemumwe), nyanzvi yekurapa inogona kunge isiriyo munhu akakodzera izvozvo. Zvikoro zvinowanzo kukumbira kuti ushande nachiremba wepfungwa werudzi urwu.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba wepfungwa rini?

Nekuti nyanzvi yepfungwa inogona kuita bvunzo dzakawanda dzisingagone kuitwa nevanorapa, dzinogona kubatsira zvikuru pakutsvaga chikonzero chaicho chematambudziko emwana, kana kana mwana achida chimwe chinhu chakaita se 'IEP'.

Zvingava zvakanaka kuti mwana wako atsvage rubatsiro kubva kune chiremba wepfungwa mumamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:

• Kana uchifunga kuti mwana wako ane chirwere chiri kukanganisa kudzidza kwake kana kushamwaridzana nevamwe, semuenzaniso, ADHD, musiyano wekudzidza, kana Autism Spectrum Disorder.
• Kana mwana achida rubatsiro pakugadzirisa matambudziko emanzwiro kana maitiro ake.
• Kana muchida kuongororwa kwakadzama nezvemwana wenyu.
• Chimwe chezvinangwa zvekurapwa kwako ndechekuona kuti ndeapi machinjo angaitwa kumba uye kuti ndeapi machinjo angaitwa kuchikoro chemwana wako kuti atsigire mwana wako.

Unogona here kupa mushonga kune vese vari vaviri?

Izvi zvakakoshawo zvikuru. Kufanana nevanorapa vana, vanachiremba vepfungwa dzevana havagone kunyora mishonga. Kana mwana wako achida mishonga yekurapa chirwere chepfungwa chakaoma, unofanira kumuendesa kuna chiremba wepfungwa dzevana . Nyanzvi yepfungwa chiremba wepfungwa ane hunyanzvi mukuongorora, kurapa, uye kudzivirira matambudziko epfungwa, emanzwiro, uye ehunhu. Ndivo vanogona kunyora mishonga.

Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinorapwa nenyanzvi yepfungwa yevana?

Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzevana dzinogona kurapa matambudziko akasiyana-siyana ehunhu, emanzwiro, emagariro evanhu, uye ehutano hwepfungwa muvana nevechidiki. Vanogonawo kubatsira nezvinoshungurudza nematambudziko anoitika kuchikoro, mumhuri, uye muhupenyu hwese.

Heano mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu nenguva apo zvinobatsira:

• Kushungurudzwa, zvinoreva kushungurudzwa panyama, mupfungwa, uye pabonde kana kuregeredzwa kwemwana.
• Nyaya dzehasha.
• Kutarisana nechirwere chitsva kana kurarama nechirwere chisingaperi.
• Kugadzirisa nyaya yekurambana kwevabereki kana mamwe matambudziko emhuri.
• Kuremara kwekukura uye kudzidza, semuenzaniso `ADHD` (kusagadzikana kwekufunga zvakanyanya), `kuremara kwepfungwa`, `Autism Spectrum Disorder`, `Dyslexia` (matambudziko ekuverenga) uye `kuremara kwekutaurirana`.
• Matambudziko ehunhu hunovhiringidza, akadai sekusagadzikana kwetsika uye kusagadzikana kwetsika kunopikisa.
• Matambudziko ekudya, semuenzaniso Anorexia, Bulimia uye Binge eating disorder.
• Kushungurudzika nekurasikirwa.
• Nyaya dzekuzivikanwa uye kuzviremekedza, dzakadai seBody Dysmorphic Disorder (kunetseka kusina kujairika nezvekutaridzika kwemuviri).
• Matambudziko epfungwa, semuenzaniso, kuora mwoyo, kuzvidya mwoyo, kutya, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) (pfungwa nezviito zvisingadiwi) uye Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (kushushikana kunoitika mushure mekukuvara).
• Matambudziko munharaunda.
• Matambudziko ekurara, akadai sekushaya hope, kurota hope dzakaipa, uye kuzvidya mwoyo pakurara.
• Kushushikana kwakabatana nekuchinja kukuru kwehupenyu.

Ndingaziva sei kana mwana wangu achida rubatsiro rwechiremba wepfungwa dzevana?

Uyu ndiwo mubvunzo mukuru unobvunzwa nevabereki vazhinji. Zvine musoro kuzvibvunza kuti, 'Mwana wangu anoda rubatsiro kubva kuna chiremba wepfungwa here?' Kutaura zvazviri, kurapwa chishandiso chakakosha kune vakuru nevana, chinopa nzvimbo yakachengeteka yekukurukura nezvayo nekugadzirisa kushushikana kwehupenyu, matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa, kana matambudziko enguva pfupi.

Unonyatsoziva mwana wako. Kana uchifunga kuti mwana wako ari kutambudzika nebasa rechikoro, hukama neshamwari, kudzora manzwiro ake, maitiro ake, uye/kana kudzidza, zvingave zvakanaka kuwana rubatsiro kubva kune chiremba wepfungwa dzevana.

Heano mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu akajairika uye maitiro aunogona kutarisa kuti akubatsire kusarudza kana uye rini mwana wako achifanira kuona chiremba wepfungwa dzevana:

• Kana mwana wako ari kusangana nekuchinja kukuru kana mamiriro ezvinhu anoshungurudza, semuenzaniso, kushungurudzwa kuchikoro, chirwere, kurambana kwevabereki, kana kutamira kuguta idzva kana chikoro.
• Matambudziko emwana epfungwa, emanzwiro, uye/kana emaitiro haagadzirisiki nekufamba kwenguva.Kana zvichiita sekunge zviri kutowedzera kuipa.
• Kana mwana wako kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako akasangana nedambudziko guru (kushungurudzika), semuenzaniso, rufu, tsaona, kana kushungurudzwa.
• Kana ukaona shanduko huru muhunhu hwemwana wako uye/kana maitiro ake. Fungidzira kuti mwana wako, uyo aimbotaura uye achinyemwerera, iye zvino anoita seanogara ari mukamuri make uye asingataure nemunhu.
• Kana mwana achiomerwa nekuwana shamwari uye kuchengetedza hukama hwakanaka navo.
• Kana magiredhi emwana wenyu ari kudzikira kuchikoro, kana kuti ari kugara aine matambudziko ehunhu kuchikoro.

Munhu anova sei nyanzvi yepfungwa dzevana?

Kuva nyanzvi yepfungwa dzevana hakusi nyore. Zvinoda kuzvipira kukuru uye dzidzo. Muchidimbu, unofanira kuzadzisa matanho aya:

• Dhigirii remakore mana ('dhigirii reBachelor') kubva kuyunivhesiti.
• Zvadaro, dhigirii remakore mana kusvika matanhatu ekudzidza, kana kuti dhigirii rechiremba (PhD kana PsyD), rinotorwa. Izvi zvinonyanya kutarisana nepfungwa dzevana.
• Kudzidzira basa kwenguva yakazara kwegore rimwe chete panguva yedhigirii repashure pedhigirii.
• Unofanira kupasa bvunzo dzepamusoro penyika pamwe nedzekuwedzera bvunzo dzine chekuita nenyika/dunhu raunoshanda.
• Munzvimbo zhinji, unofanira kupedzisa rimwe gore rekushanda uchitarisirwa usati wawana rezenisi rekushanda semuongorori wepfungwa dzevana. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzepfungwa dzevana dzinobva dzaenderera mberi nekudzidziswa kuti dziwane ruzivo.
• Vanachiremba vepfungwa dzevana vane marezenisi vanofanirwawo kupedzisa mapurogiramu edzidzo anoenderera mberi, akadai semisangano, tsvakurudzo, uye makirasi, gore rega rega muhupenyu hwavo hwese hwebasa kuti vagare vachiziva nezvekuvandudzwa kutsva mumunda wavo.

Saka unogona kuona kuti izvi zvinoda kuzvipira kwakadini. Ndosaka vaine hunyanzvi hwekubatsira mwana wako. Zvinogona kutora makore masere kusvika gumi nemaviri kana kupfuura kuti uve chiremba wepfungwa dzevana ane rezinesi.

Pakupedzisira, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha!

Pakupedzisira, zvinogona kuoma kubvuma kuti mwana wako ari kutambura mupfungwa, mupfungwa, mumagariro evanhu, kana muhunhu, asi zvakakosha kuwana rubatsiro rwenyanzvi.

Nyanzvi yepfungwa dzevana inogona kupa mwana wako nzvimbo yakachengeteka, inotsigira, uye isingamutongi kuti ataure nezvemanzwiro ake uye aanzwisise. Ivo inyanzvi mubasa ravo uye vane ruzivo rwakanaka rwetsvakurudzo nekurapa zvinogona kubatsira mwana wako.

Yeukai kuti chiremba wepfungwa wemwana wenyu achashanda nemi nemwana wenyu kugadzira hurongwa hwekurapa hwakakodzera mwana wenyu. Hamusi mega, uye hazvimbofi zvakanonoka kukumbira rubatsiro.

Nyanzvi yepfungwa yevana , hutano hwepfungwa, maitiro evana, kurapwa, mazano, ADHD, autism