Ngatidzidzei zvese nezve Diabetes Mellitus zviri nyore uye nemazvo!

Chirwere cheshuga chirwere chiri kutaurwa nezvacho nevanhu vazhinji nhasi, uye pamwe chinotyisa mupfungwa dzako. Vamwe vanhu vanochidanawo kuti 'chirwere cheshuga'. Chii chaizvo chinonzi chirwere cheshuga? Ngatitaurei nezvazvo zvakajeka, nenzira yaunogona kunzwisisa. Usatya, kana wangonzwisisa zvakanaka, kuzvigadzirisa hazvina basa.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chirwere cheshuga chirwere chinowanzoita kuti huwandu hweshuga muropa (kana glucose ) hugare hwakakwira. Izvi zvinoitika nekuti pancreas yako haigadziri insulin yakakwana, kana kuti masero emuviri wako haapindure zvakanaka ku insulin yainogadzira. Inogona kukura chero pazera ripi zvaro. Mhando dzakawanda dzechirwere cheshuga dzinogara kwenguva refu (dzisingaperi), asi mhando dzese dzinogona kudzorwa nemishonga uye shanduko dzemararamiro.

Miviri yedu inowana glucose yakawanda, kana shuga, kubva muzvikafu zvatinodya, kunyanya zvekudya zvine makabhohaidhiretsi (senge mupunga, chingwa, nezvinotapira). Glucose iyi ndiyo mafuta makuru anopa simba kumasero emuviri wedu. Yakafanana nepeturu yemotokari. Saka, glucose iyi inofanira kupinda mumasero kubva muropa kuti igadzire simba. Funga nezveglucose semunhu ari kuedza kupinda mumba, uye anoda kiyi kuti apinde mumba imomo. Kiyi iyoyo iinsulin. Homoni iyi inonzi insulin inogadzirwa nenhengo yedu inonzi pancreas.

Zvino, kana pancreas yako isingakwanise kugadzira insulin iyi yakakwana, kana kuti ikadaro, asi masero emuviri wako asingavhuri musuwo nemazvo (kureva kuti, asingapindure insulin nemazvo), glucose iyoyo haigone kupinda mumasero. Ipapo glucose yese inoungana muropa, uye huwandu hweshuga muropa hunongokwira. Izvi ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti shuga yakakwira muropa (hyperglycemia) .

Kana huwandu hweshuga muropa hukaramba hwakakwira kwenguva yakareba, matambudziko mazhinji ehutano anogona kuitika, akadai sechirwere chemwoyo, kukuvara kwetsinga, uye matambudziko emaziso.

Zita rekurapa rechirwere cheshuga ndiDiabetes Mellitus . Kune chimwe chirwere chine izwi rekuti 'diabetes', rinonzi Diabetes Insipidus . Asi chakasiyana zvikuru nechirwere cheshuga chatiri kutaura nezvacho. Zita rekuti 'diabetes' rakapihwa vese nekuti vese vanokonzera nyota yakawandisa uye kuita weti kakawanda. Zvisinei, Diabetes Insipidus haiwanzoitiki.

Mhando Dzakajairika dzechirwere cheshuga

Zvakanaka, ngatitarisei mhando huru dzechirwere cheshuga. Ungave wakambonzwa nezvemazita aya.

Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri

Iyi ndiyo mhando yechirwere cheshuga inonyanya kuwanikwa. Inoitika kana muviri wako usingagadzire insulin yakakwana, kana kuti masero emuviri wako asingapindure insulin nemazvo. Izvi zvinonzi insulin resistance.Fungidzira kuti une kiyi, asi kiyi yemusuwo ine ngura uye haishande zvakanaka. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kuvanhu vakuru, asi dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuitikawo kuvana vadiki.

Prediabetes

Iri idanho risati rasvika rechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri. Shuga yako muropa yakakwira kupfuura zvakajairwa, asi haisi yepamusoro zvekuti ungaonekwa uine chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri. Zvakafanana nechiedza cheyero, chiratidzo chekunyevera . Kana ukaribata nemazvo padanho iri, unogona kudzivirira kana kunonotsa kukura kwechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri.

Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga

Ichi chirwere chinokonzerwa ne autoimmune system . Kureva kuti, masoja emuviri wako, nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero chisingazivikanwe, anorwisa nekuparadza masero anogadzira insulin mupancreas yako. Zvakafanana neuto redu riri kurwisa musasa wedu. Vanhu vanosvika 10% vane chirwere cheshuga vane rudzi urwu. Chinowanzoonekwa muvana nevechidiki, asi chinogona kukura chero pazera ripi zvaro.

Chirwere cheshuga chepamuviri

Urwu rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga chinokura mumadzimai panguva yekuzvitakura. Chinowanzopera mushure mekuzvarwa kwemwana. Zvisinei, kana ukawana chirwere cheshuga panguva yekuzvitakura, unenge uri panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri gare gare muhupenyu hwako.

Mamwe Marudzi echirwere cheshuga

Kuwedzera kune mhando huru idzi, kune dzimwe mhando dzakawanda dzechirwere cheshuga. Hadziwanzoitiki, asi zvakanaka kuziva nezvadzo.

• Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechitatu: Izvi zvinoitika kana pancreas yako ikakuvara (kwete autoimmune damage) zvichikanganisa kugona kwayo kugadzira insulin. Semuenzaniso, zvirwere zvakaita sepancreatitis, kenza yepancreas, cystic fibrosis, uye hemochromatosis zvinogona kukonzera chirwere ichi. Rudzi urwu rwechirwere cheshuga runogonawo kuitika kana pancreas ikabviswa nekuvhiyiwa (pancreatectomy).
• Chirwere cheShuga Chisingazvidzivirire Muzvirwere muVanhu Vakuru (LADA): Izvi zvinokonzerwawo ne autoimmune reaction, senge Type 1 Diabetes, asi zvinokura muvanhu vakwegura kupfuura Type 1. Vanhu vanoonekwa vaine LADA vanowanzova nemakore anopfuura makumi matatu.
• Chirwere cheshuga chevana vadiki (MODY): Ichi chinonziwo chirwere cheshuga chemonogenic . Chinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemajini kunopfuudzwa nezvizvarwa. Kuchinja uku kunokanganisa mashandiro anoita muviri wako uye mashandisiro anoita insulin. Kune marudzi anopfuura gumi eMODY. Vanhu vanosvika 5% vane chirwere cheshuga vanogona kuva nerudzi urwu, uye runowanzo itika mumhuri.
• Chirwere cheshuga chevana vacheche:Urwu rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga rusingawanzoitiki runokura muvana vadiki mukati memwedzi mitanhatu yekutanga yehupenyu. Urwu rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga chinonzi monogenic.
• Chirwere cheshuga cheBrittle: Ichi chirwere chechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga chakakomba. Chinoratidzwa nekuwanda kweshuga muropa kakawanda uye shuga shoma muropa.

Chirwere cheshuga chinowanzoonekwa sei?

Chirwere cheshuga chirwere chinowanzoitika kupfuura zvaungafunga. Mamiriyoni evanhu pasi rose vanorarama nechirwere cheshuga. Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri ndicho chinonyanya kuitika. Nhamba dzinoratidza kuti huwandu hwevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga huri kuwedzerawo munyika medu. Saka, zvakakosha kuziva izvi.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga? (Zvii zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga?)

Zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga zvinogona kusiyana kubva pamunhu kuenda kune mumwe, uye zvinogonawo kusiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirwere cheshuga. Asi pane zvimwe zviratidzo zvakajairika zvaunogona kusangana nazvo. Kana uine chimwe cheizvi, zvakanaka kuti uone chiremba kuti akupe mazano.

Zviratidzo zvakajairika:

• Nyota yakawandisa (polydipsia) uye muromo wakaoma.
• Kuda kuita weti kakawanda (kunyanya husiku)
• Kuneta zvakanyanya uye kuneta kunyangwe wakarara zvakanaka.
• Kuona kusina kujeka.
• Kudzikira kwehuremu kusingatsananguriki (kunyanya muchirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga)
• Kunzwa kusanzwa kana kukwenya mumakumbo.
• Maronda anotora nguva kuti apore.
• Kurwara kweganda uye/kana nhengo yemukadzi kakawanda.

Zvakakosha: Kana iwe kana mwana wako muine zviratidzo izvi, iva nechokwadi chekuona chiremba.

Ngationei kuti zviratidzo zvinosiyana sei zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirwere cheshuga:

Zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga:

Zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga zvinogona kuoneka nekukurumidza, mukati memavhiki mashoma kana mwedzi. Dzimwe nguva, zviratidzo zvinogona kutanga nezviratidzo zvedambudziko rine njodzi rinonzi Diabetes-related Ketoacidosis (DKA) . DKA chirwere chinotyisidzira hupenyu chinoda kurapwa nekukurumidza. Zviratidzo zveDKA zvinosanganisira kurutsa, kurwadziwa mudumbu, kunhuwa kwemuchero mukufema, uye kuoma kufema.

Zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga cheType 2 uye Prediabetes:

Mumhando idzi, ungasava nezviratidzo zvachose. Kana kuti ungasazviona nekuti zviratidzo zvinouya zvishoma nezvishoma. Dzimwe nguva, kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kuratidza huwandu hweshuga muropa hwakakwira. Chimwe chiratidzo che prediabetes kusviba kweganda munzvimbo dzemuviri wako (senge mutsipa wako nehapwa). Izvi zvinonzi acanthosis nigricans .

Zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga chepamuviri:

Ungasawanzoona zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga panguva yekuzvitakura. Chiremba wako achakuyedza pakati pemavhiki makumi maviri nemana nemakumi maviri nemasere ekuzvitakura.

Chii Chinokonzera Chirwere Cheshuga?

Pasinei nerudzi rwechirwere cheshuga, chirwere cheshuga chinoitika kana huwandu hweshuga muropa rako hwakakwira zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, chikonzero chehuwandu hweshuga muropa hunosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirwere cheshuga.

Heano zvikonzero zvikuru:

• Kusakwanisa Kurapwa neInsulin: Ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru chechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri. Chinogona kukonzerwa nekufuta, kusaita maekisesaizi, kudya zvisina kunaka, kusawirirana kwemahormone, simba remajini, uye mimwe mishonga.
• Zvirwere zveAutoimmune: Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga uye LADA zvinoitika kana masoja emuviri wako achirwisa masero anogadzira insulin mupancreas yako.
• Kusawirirana kwemahormone: Munguva yekuzvitakura, mahormone anoburitswa neplacenta anogona kukonzera kusawirirana kweinsulin. Uyewo, zvimwe zvirwere zvine chekuita nemahormone zvakaita seacromegaly uye Cushing's syndrome zvinogona kukonzera chirwere cheshuga.
• Kukuvadzwa kwePancreatic: Kukuvadzwa kwepancreas kunogona kukanganisa kugona kwayo kugadzira insulin, zvichikonzera chirwere cheshuga cheType 3c.
• Kuchinja kwemajini: Kuchinja kwemajini kunogona kukonzera chirwere cheshuga cheMODY nechirwere cheshuga chevacheche.

Kushandisa mimwe mishonga kwenguva refu (semuenzaniso, mishonga yeHIV/AIDS, corticosteroids) kunogonawo kukonzera chirwere cheshuga.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvechirwere cheshuga? (Ndezvipi Zvinetso zveChirwere cheshuga?)

Kana chirwere cheshuga chikasadzorwa nemazvo, matambudziko akawanda anowanzoitika uye kwenguva refu anogona kuitika.

Matambudziko akanyanya echirwere cheshuga:

Izvi zvinogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi uye zvinoda rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika:

• Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS): Huwandu hweshuga muropa hunokwira zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kushaya mvura mumuviri zvakanyanya uye kuvhiringidzika.
• Ketoacidosis ine chekuita neshuga (DKA): Kana muviri usina insulin, mafuta anopiswa kuti agadzire ma ketone, izvo zvinoita kuti ropa rive neacidic.
• Kukurumidza kukwira kweropa: Kuderera kweshuga muropa. Kunowanzoonekwa nevanhu vanotora insulin. Kurapwa neglucagon nekukurumidza kungadiwa.

Matambudziko enguva refu echirwere cheshuga:

Kana huwandu hweshuga muropa hukaramba hwakakwira kwenguva yakareba, mitsipa yeropa netsinga zvinokuvadzwa.

• Matambudziko emwoyo nemidziyo yeropa: chirwere chemwoyo, sitiroko, atherosclerosis, kurwara kwemoyo.
• Kukuvadzwa kwetsinga (Neuropathy): kusanzwa, kurwadziwa.
• Nephropathy: Kukundikana kweitsvo.
• Chirwere chemaziso (Retinopathy): upofu.
• Matambudziko etsoka ane chekuita nechirwere cheshuga, utachiona hweganda, uye kuchekwa kwetsoka.
• Kusashanda zvakanaka pabonde, gastroparesis, kurasikirwa nekunzwa, matambudziko ehutano hwemuromo (semuenzaniso, chirwere cheperiodontal).

Kurarama nechirwere cheshuga kunogonawo kukanganisa hutano hwepfungwa dzako. Vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vane mukana mukuru wekuora mwoyo .

Chirwere cheshuga chinoonekwa sei?

Vanachiremba vanoongorora chirwere cheshuga nekutarisa huwandu hweshuga mumuviri wako nekuyedza ropa rako. Kune bvunzo huru nhatu:

• Kuyedzwa kweGlucose yeropa rekutsanya: Kuyedzwa kunoitwa mushure mekutsanya kwemaawa masere.
• Kuongororwa kweGlucose yeropa nenzira isina kurongeka: Kunogona kuitwa chero nguva.
• Kuongororwa kweA1c (kuongororwa kweHbA1c): Kunoratidza huwandu hweshuga muropa mumwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu yapfuura.

Kuongororwa kweglucose kunoongororwa nemuromo kuti uone chirwere cheshuga chepamuviri.

Chirwere cheshuga chinorapwa sei?

Kune nzvimbo huru ina dzekutarisira chirwere cheshuga:

• Kuongororwa kweShuga muRopa: Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekushandisa glucometer kana continuous glucose monitor (CGM).
• Mishonga yeChirwere Cheshuga Chemuromo: Mishonga yakaita seMetformin , iyo inowanzo kunyorerwa chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri uye prediabetes.
• Insulin: Inokosha kune chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga. Vamwe varwere verudzi rwechipiri vanoidawo. Inogona kutorwa sesirinji, peni, pombi, kana insulin inofemerwa.
• Kudya: Kudya kune hutanoUye kuverenga makabhohaidhiretsi kwakakosha.
• Kurovedza muviri: Kurovedza muviri nguva dzose kunowedzera kunzwa kwe insulin.

Zvakare, kuchengetedza huremu hwakanaka, BP , uye cholesterol zvakakosha zvikuru.

Kufungidzira nezvechirwere cheshuga

Remangwana rechirwere cheshuga rinoenderana nerudzi rwechirwere, magadzirirwo aro, zera rekuonekwa kwaro, zvimwe zvirwere, uye matambudziko.

Asi, chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti unogona kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka uine chirwere cheshuga. Kuti uite izvi, kuchinja mararamiro ako, kurovedza muviri nguva dzose, kudzora kudya kwako, uye kuongororwa shuga yako yeropa nguva dzose kwakakosha.

Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti kuchengetedza huwandu hweA1c huri pasi pe7% kunogona kuderedza njodzi yematambudziko.

Ndingadzivirira Sei Chirwere Cheshuga?

Mhando dzechirwere cheshuga dzinodzivirira muviri kubva kuzvirwere zvemuviri uye dzine majini hadzigone kudzivirirwa. Zvisinei, unogona kuderedza njodzi yako yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga chisati chatanga, chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri, uye chirwere cheshuga chepamuviri nekuita zvinotevera:

• Idya chikafu chine hutano (semuenzaniso chikafu cheMediterranean ).
• Iva nemuviri unoshanda (inenge maminetsi makumi matatu pazuva, mazuva mashanu pasvondo).
• Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka.
• Gadzirisa kushushikana.
• Deredza kunwa doro.
• Wana hope dzakakwana.
• Rega kusvuta.

Ndinofanira Kuona Mupi Wehutano Wangu Rini?

Kana usati waonekwa kuti une chirwere cheshuga, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika kana uine zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga (semuenzaniso, nyota yakawandisa, kuita weti nguva nenguva).

Kana uine chirwere cheshuga, enda kuna chiremba anokubatsira kugadzirisa chirwere chako cheshuga (semuenzaniso, chiremba we endocrinologist) nguva nenguva.

Chekupedzisira, yeuka izvi (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Kuonekwa uine chirwere cheshuga chiitiko chinochinja hupenyu. Asi izvozvo hazvirevi kuti haugone kurarama hupenyu hunofadza uye hune hutano. Kurapa chirwere cheshuga kunoda kutarisirwa nguva dzose. Kunyange zvazvo zvingaita sekunge zvinokunetsa pakutanga, nekufamba kwenguva uchanzwisisa zviri nani maitiro ekugadzirisa chirwere ichi uye wotanga kunzwa zviri nani nezvemuviri wako.

Iva nechokwadi chekuti unoona vanachiremba vako nguva dzose. Kurapa chirwere cheshuga ibasa rekubatana. Uchada rutsigiro rwevanachiremba, shamwari, nemhuri. Usatya kuvakumbira rubatsiro kana uchida rubatsiro. Yeuka, hausi wega!

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