Paunoenda kunoona chiremba, dzimwe nguva vanokupa mishonga yausingatombozivi zita rayo, handiti? Kunyanya kana tichitaura nezvemishonga ine chekuita nehutano hwepfungwa, tinogona kuda kuziva, uye pamwe kutotya zvishoma. Nhasi tichataura nezveimwe yemhando yemishonga yakaoma zvishoma, asi yakakosha zvikuru. Ndiyo mhando yemishonga inonzi Dopamine Antagonists. Usatye kana ukanzwa zita racho, ngatinzwisise izvi zviri nyore.
Ndezvipi chaizvo zvinorwisa dopamine?
Tisati tanzwisisa izvi, tinofanira kuziva kuti "Dopamine" chii. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, dopamine inhume yemakemikari muuropi hwedu. Mukurapa, tinoidaidza kuti neurotransmitter. Fungidzira kuti ruzivo rwunotsinhaniswa pakati pemasero muuropi hwedu kuburikidza nevanhume ava.
Masero ari muuropi hwedu ane zvikamu zvinonzi "receptors." Izvi zvakafanana nemakiyi anokwana muburi rekiyi. Mutumwa anonzi dopamine ndiyo kiyi inokwana muburi rekiyi iyi. Kana kiyi iyi (dopamine) ikaenda yobatana neburi rekiyi (receptor), sero riri kutaurwa nezvaro "rinobatidza."
Zvino tarisai, mushonga unonzi dopamine antagonist unoita chinhu chisinganzwisisike. Mushonga uyu unoendawo kukiyi iyoyo (receptor) woiisa. Asi haubatidze sero. Zvakafanana nekiyi yakatyoka yakabatirirwa mukiyi. Kureva kuti, mushonga uyu unovhara kiyi chaiyo, kureva dopamine, kuti isauye uye ibatane nekiyi.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, mishonga iyi inoshanda nekudzora mashandiro edopamine muuropi kusvika padanho rinodiwa. Kudzora uku kwakakosha zvikuru nekuti huwandu hwedopamine hunowedzera zvisina kufanira mune zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa.
Mushonga uyu unoshandiswa pamamiriro ezvinhu api?
Mishonga inopesana neDopamine inogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri makuru:
1. Mishonga yekurwisa pfungwa: Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa.
2. Mishonga yekudzivirira kusvotwa: Mimwe mishonga inowira muzvikamu zviviri izvi.
Kune chirwere chepfungwa (Antipsychotics)
Mishonga iyi inokosha zvikuru mukurapa zvirwere zvinotevera:
- Schizophrenia nezvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa zvine chekuita nazvo
- Dambudziko reBipolar
- Dambudziko repfungwa
- Mania
- Dambudziko guru rekuora mwoyo rine kana kuti risina zviratidzo zvepfungwa
- Kushungurudzika kwakanyanya
- Zvirwere zvepfungwa zvinokonzerwa nekushandisa zvinodhaka
Yekurutsa uye kuda kurutsa (Antiemetics)
Kunyange hazvo kurutsa nekurutsa zviri dambudziko diki kune vamwe vanhu, mune dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuva nengozi. Semuenzaniso, mishonga iyi inobatsira kudzora kurutsa kwakanyanya panguva yekurapa chemotherapy kune varwere vegomarara. Inoshandiswawo kumisa kurutsa nekurutsa kunokonzerwa neanesthesia mushure mekuvhiyiwa.
| Rudzi rwemishonga | Mimwe mienzaniso inowanzoshandiswa |
|---|---|
| Mishonga yekurwisa pfungwa yechizvarwa chekutanga (Yakajairika) | Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine, Fluphenazine |
| Mishonga yekurwisa pfungwa yechizvarwa chechipiri (Atypical) | Olanzapine, Risperidone, Quetiapine, Aripiprazole, Clozapine |
| Mishonga yekudzivirira kugwinha | Metoclopramide, Prochlorperazine, Domperidone (inoshandiswa muSri Lanka) |
Zvakakosha: Iyi inongova mienzaniso mishomanana. Chiremba wako chete ndiye anogona kusarudza mushonga wakanakira iwe.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira mishonga iyi?
Mishonga iyi inogona kubatsira zvikuru vanhu vazhinji vanorwara nepfungwa kuti vararame hupenyu hwakajairika. Pasina iyo, vamwe varwere vanogona kurara muchipatara kweupenyu hwavo hwese. Mishonga iyi inogona kudzivirira varwere kubva mukukuvadzwa uye kuvabvumira kurarama zvakanaka munharaunda.
Uyewo, kurutsa zvakanyanya panguva yekurapwa kwegomarara kunogona kuisa upenyu panjodzi. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, mishonga iyi inoshanda semuponesi.
Ngatiziveiwo nezvemigumisiro nenjodzi.
Kufanana nemishonga yese, mishonga inopesana nedopamine inogona kukonzera migumisiro yakaipa. Izvi zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwemishonga yaunotora, dose, uye mamiriro ako emuviri. Kana ukasangana nemhedzisiro yakaipa, usarega kutora mushonga wacho uye taurira chiremba wako nekukasika.
| Migumisiro inogona kuitika | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Kunyaradza | Chinhu chinoonekwa nevanhu vazhinji. Chinogona kukonzera kuneta uye hope. |
| Matambudziko ane chekuita nekufamba | Zvinhu zvakaita sekusagadzikana (akathisia), kugwinha kwetsandanyama kusingadariki kana kugwinha (dystonia), uye kufamba-famba kwenguva refu kwetsandanyama kumeso kana mumuviri (tardive dyskinesia). |
| Kuderera kweropa | Paunongoerekana wamira, maziso ako anogona kuita bhuruu uye unogona kunzwa kupera simba (Orthostatic hypotension). |
| Kuchinja kwemahormone | Kuwedzera kwehomoni inonzi prolactin kunogona kukonzera kuti vakadzi varege kuenda kumwedzi uye vabude ropa rakaita semukaka kubva mumazamu avo. |
| Chirwere cheNeuroleptic Malignant | Ichi chirwere chisingawanzoitiki asi chakakomba, chinouraya. Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvakaita sefivha yakanyanya, kuomarara kwetsandanyama, uye kuvhiringidzika, unofanira kuenda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara nekukasika. |
Ndinogona here kutyaira ndichitora mushonga uyu?
Mishonga yakawanda inopesana nedopamine inogona kukonzera hope uye kudzikira kwekungwarira. Saka, kuchenjera kudzivisa kutyaira kana kushandisa michina inoda kungwarira pakutanga kutanga mushonga uyu kana pakuchinja dose. Zvakachengeteka kubvunza chiremba wako nezveizvi uye kutevedzera mazano ake.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Mishonga inodzivirira dopamine imhando yakakosha yemishonga inodzivisa kushanda kwekemikari inonzi dopamine muuropi uye inoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvepfungwa nekurutsa.
- Mushonga uyu unobvumira vanhu vazhinji kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka uye hwakajairika.
- Kufanana nemishonga yese, izvi zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa, kunyanya matambudziko ekufamba uye hope.
- Usamborega kutora mushonga uyu kana kuchinja mwero wemushonga usina kupiwa mazano nachiremba. Kuita izvi kunogona kuva nengozi.
- Kana ukasangana nematambudziko, taura nachiremba wako pachena nezvazvo. Matambudziko mazhinji anogona kugadziriswa.
- Zvakakosha zvikuru kuzivisa chiremba wako nezve mimwe mishonga yauri kutora.
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