Mwana wako ane zviratidzo izvi here? Ngatikurukurei nezve Down Syndrome

Wakamboona here kuti vamwe vacheche vanoita zvakasiyana zvishoma nevamwe, uye chitarisiko chavo chakasiyana zvishoma? Pamwe wakambofunga zvakafanana nezvemwana wako. Panguva dzakadai, mubvunzo mumwe unouya mupfungwa dzedu ndewekuti, "Chii ichi?" Nhasi tichataura nezvechirwere chinoda kutariswa zvakanyanya, icho chinonzi Down Syndrome. Usazvidya moyo, tichataura nezvazvo zviri nyore, nenzira yaunogona kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi Down Syndrome? Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore...

Down Syndrome chirwere chinokonzerwa nemajini. Kureva kuti, chinokonzerwa ne chromosome yakawedzerwa mumuviri wemwana paanozvarwa. Iye zvino ungave uchishamisika kuti ma chromosome aya chii. Mukati memasero madiki mumiviri yedu, mune zvinhu zvinoita semabhora madiki eshinda. Ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti ma chromosome. Izvi ndizvo zvinosarudza zvinhu zvakawanda nezve chitarisiko chedu, kureba, ruvara, uye kugona kwedu.

Kazhinji, tese tine ma chromosomes aya makumi maviri nematatu musero rega rega. Ndiwo ma chromosomes makumi mana nematanhatu ese. Zvisinei, mwana ane Down syndrome ane kopi yekuwedzera ye chromosome 21, zvichireva imwezve. Ipapo huwandu hwema chromosomes ari mumasero ake hunova makumi mana nemanomwe. Imhaka ye chromosome iyi yekuwedzera iyo inoita kuti uropi nemuviri wemwana zvikure zvakasiyana zvishoma.

Ndiani anogona kuwana Down Syndrome?

Down syndrome inogona kukanganisa chero munhu. Inokonzerwa nemajini uye haikonzerwi nechinhu chero chipi zvacho chinoitwa naamai kana baba vasati vaita pamuviri kana panguva yekuzvitakura. Kazhinji, inoitika isina kurongeka, zvichireva kuti inoitika yoga. Inowanzopfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe kana zai nembeu zvikasangana.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzera Down Syndrome?

Izvi zvichiri kutsvakurudzwa. Zvisinei, zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti njodzi yekuva nemwana ane Down syndrome inogona kuwedzera zvishoma sezvo amai vachikura . Vanaamai vane makore anopfuura 35 vane mukana wekuva nemwana ane Down syndrome kana zvimwe zvirwere zvemajini.

Asi izvi hazvirevi kuti vanaamai vadiki havazove nedambudziko iri. Nekuti huwandu hwekubereka hwakakwira kune vanaamai vari pasi pemakore makumi matatu nemashanu, ruzhinji rwevana vane Down syndrome vanozvarwa navanaamai vari pasi pemakore makumi matatu nemashanu. Saka, zera harisi iro roga rinokonzeresa izvi.

Down Syndrome yakajairika zvakadii?

Kana tichienzanisa nenyika dzakadai seAmerica, Down Syndrome chirwere chinowanzoitika mumachromosomes. Vana vanosvika zviuru zvitanhatu vanoberekwa vaine chirwere ichi gore rega rega ikoko. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mwana mumwe chete pavana mazana manomwe vanoberekwa anogona kunge aine chirwere ichi. Kune vana vane chirwere ichi muSri Lanka zvakare, saka zvakakosha kuziva izvi.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvemwana ane Down Syndrome?

Down syndrome inogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvemuviri, zvepfungwa, uye zvemaitiro. Zvisinei, havasi vana vese vane zviratidzo izvi zvese, uye hunhu hwezviratidzo hunogona kusiyana kubva pamwana mumwe kuenda kune mumwe.

Hunhu hwemuviri (kuchinja kwechitarisiko)

Zviratidzo izvi zvinowanzoonekwa pakuzvarwa, uye zvinogona kuoneka zvakanyanya mwana paanokura.

• Bhiriji reNahe rakati sandara zvishoma .
• Maziso anoita seakatarira kumusoro .
• Mutsipa wacho mupfupi zvishoma .
• Nzeve, maoko, netsoka zvidiki pane zvakajairika .
• Kuva netsandanyama dzisina simba (flaccid) pakuzvarwa.
• Munwe mudiki weruoko wakakotamiswa mukati (kurutivi rwechigunwe chikuru) .
• Kuvapo kwemutsara mumwe chete wakadzika pachanza (palmar crease).
• Kuva pasi peavhareji yehurefu .

Sezvo mwana wako achikura, zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuoneka nekuda kwekukura kwemuviri wake paaiva mudumbu. Semuenzaniso:

• Utachiona hwenzeve kana kurasikirwa nekunzwa.
• Matambudziko ekuona kana zvirwere zvemaziso .
• Matambudziko emazino .
• Kurwara kana kutapukirwa zvakanyanya.
• Kumbomira kufema panguva yekurara, chirwere chinotadzisa kufema panguva yekurara.
• Chirwere chemwoyo chekuzvarwa nacho .

Chiremba wako anogara achitarisa mamiriro akaita seaya.

Hunhu hwepfungwa nekukura

Mwana wako ane Down syndrome anogona kunge aine matambudziko ekukura kwepfungwa nekuda kwe chromosome yakawedzerwa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuremara kwepfungwa kana kukura kwepfungwa . Mwana wako angasakwanisa kuita zvinhu zvaanofanira kuita pazera rakati, kureva kuti, angasasvika padanho rekukura pamwero wakafanana newavamwe vana. Semuenzaniso:

• Kufamba nekufamba (unyanzvi hwekufambisa muviri hwakakwana uye hwakanaka).
• Kutaura (hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza mutauro).
• Kudzidza (hunyanzvi hwekufunga).
• Kutamba (unyanzvi hwekushamwaridzana nevanhu uye hwemanzwiro).

Nekuda kweizvi, zvinogona kutora mwana wako nguva yakati rebei kuti aite zvinhu izvi:

• Kudzidziswa chimbuzi.
• Kutaura mazwi ekutanga.
• Kutora danho rekutanga.
• Kudya uri wega.

Funga nezvazvo, vamwe vana vanofamba pagore, vamwe mugore rimwe nehafu. Mwana ane Down syndrome angasatanga kufamba kusvika ava nemakore maviri. Izvi zvinoitika mukukura kwavo.

Hunhu hwemaitiro

Mwana ane Down syndrome anogona kuratidza hunhu hwakasiyana. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekuti haakwanise kuudza zvinodiwa zvake zvakajeka kwauri kana kuvachengeta. Unogona kuona hunhu uhu:

• Kuoma musoro uye hasha .
• Kuomerwa nekuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe chete .
• Maitiro ekunyanyisa kana ekumanikidza vanhu vane tsika yekunyanya kupindwa muropa nezvinhu zvakasiyana kana kudzokorora zvinhu zvakafanana .

Chii chinokonzera Down Syndrome?

Sezvatakambotaura, chikonzero chikuru cheDown syndrome kuvapo kwechromosome yekuwedzera . Zvikuru sei, inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemaitiro ekupatsanurana kwemasero pachromosome 21. Munhu wese ane Down syndrome ane chromosome yekuwedzera 21 mune mamwe masero avo kana ese.

Kune mhando nhatu dzeDown syndrome, imwe neimwe ine zvikonzero zvakasiyana.

• Trisomi 21 `(Trisomi 21)`
• Kutamiswa
• Umwari hweMosaic

Chii chinonzi Trisomy 21?

Iyi ndiyo mhando inonyanya kuzivikanwa yeDown Syndrome. "Trisomy" zvinoreva kuva nekopi yechromosome yakawedzerwa. MuTrisomy 21, sero rega rega riri mumwana ari kukura rine makopi matatu echromosome 21. Kazhinji, pane maviri chete. Rudzi urwu runoumba 95% yevanhu vane Down Syndrome.

Chii chinonzi Translocation Down syndrome?

Murudzi urwu, chromosome yese kana chikamu chayo chinobatanidzwa kune imwe chromosome. Kusiyana netrisomy 21, pane kuva nekopi yekuwedzera yechromosome 21 pachayo, inosungirirwa kune imwe chromosome yenhamba yakasiyana. Rudzi urwu rwunowanikwa muvanhu vasingasviki 4% vane Down syndrome.

Chii chinonzi Mosaic Down syndrome?

Iyi ndiyo mhando isingawanzoonekwi yeDown Syndrome. Inowanikwa muasingasviki 1% yezviitiko zvese. "Mosaicism" zvinoreva kuti mamwe masero ane machromosomes akajairika makumi mana nematanhatu, nepo mamwe aine machromosomes makumi mana nemanomwe (kusanganisira chromosome yekuwedzera 21). Inotaridzika semosaic yakagadzirwa nematombo ane mavara akasiyana. Ndosaka ichinzi mosaic.

Down Syndrome ingaonekwa sei mwana asati aberekwa?

Kuongororwa kwakaitwa panguva yekuzvitakura kunogona kukonzera kufungira kwavanachiremba nezveDown syndrome. Kuongororwa kumwe kunogonawo kusimbisa chirwere chacho.

Kuongororwa kwemwana asati aberekwa

Kuongororwa uku kunongotarisa chete kana mwana wako ari panjodzi yekuve neDown syndrome. Hakugone kusimbisa .Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuongororwa ropa kana kuongororwa neultrasound kwaamai. Panguva yekuongororwa, chiremba anotsvaga zviratidzo zvechimwe chinhu chakaita semvura yakawandisa kuseri kwemutsipa wemwana. Dzimwe nguva, kunyangwe bvunzo idzi dzekutanga dzakajairika, mwana anogona kunge aine Down syndrome.

Kuongororwa kwezvirwere panguva yekuzvitakura

Kuongororwa uku kunogona kusimbisa Down Syndrome. Izvi zvinowanzoitwa kana bvunzo dzataurwa pamusoro apa dzichiratidza kuti pane njodzi. Sezvo bvunzo idzi dzichigona kukonzera njodzi diki kuna amai nemwana ari mudumbu, chiremba anokurudzira izvi chete mushure mekunyatsoongorora. Mienzaniso:

• Amniocentesis: Kuongororwa kunosanganisira kutora mvura shoma yakatenderedza mwana.
• Kuongororwa kweChorionic villus (CVS): Nzira yekutorwa kwechidimbu chidiki cheplacenta yoongororwa.
• Kuongororwa kweropa remudumbu (PUBS): Kuongororwa kunosanganisira kutora ropa shoma kubva mudumbu.

Miedzo iyi inogona kuona nemazvo shanduko dziri mumachromosomes.

Down Syndrome inoonekwa sei mushure mekunge mwana aberekwa?

Mushure mekunge mwana azvarwa, vanachiremba vanoongorora mwana wacho kuti vaone zviratidzo zvemuviri zvataurwa kare. Kuti vasimbise kuongororwa, pane bvunzo yakakosha inotora ropa remwana, inonzi karyotype test . Izvi zvinosanganisira kutora sampuro yeropa remwana woritarisa pasi pemaikorosikopu kuti vaone kana mwana wacho aine chromosome yechi21 yekuwedzera.

Unoita sei kana ukaona kuti mwana wako ari mudumbu ane Down Syndrome?

Kuziva kuti mwana wako ane Down syndrome kunogona kuva sarudzo yakaoma zvikuru. Asi yeuka kuti hausi wega. Chiremba wako achakwanisa kukubatsira kuwana zvinhu zvinobatsira, mazano, uye mapoka ekutsigira aunoda.

Panguva dzakadai, zvinobatsira chaizvo kuwana mazano, kana kujoina boka rekutsigirana uko vamwe vabereki vane vana vane Down syndrome vanoungana. Ikoko, unogona kugovana zvavakasangana nazvo, kuwana mazano anoshanda, uye kuwana simba. Zvakafanana kana paine dambudziko mumusha medu, munhu wese anoungana kuti abatsire.

Ndeipi mishonga yekurapa Down Syndrome?

Hakuna mushonga weDown Syndrome. Zvisinei, kune mishonga yakawanda nerutsigiro zviripo kuti zvibatsire mwana wako kukura kusvika pakukwanisa kwake uye kurarama hupenyu hunofadza. Mishonga iyi yakagadzirirwa kubatsira kukura kwemuviri nepfungwa kwemwana. Mienzaniso inosanganisira:

• Kurapwa kwemuviri kana kurapwa kwebasa .
• Kurapa kwekutaura.
• KuchikoroKutora chikamu muzvirongwa zvedzidzo yakakosha.
• Kurapa zvimwe zvirwere zviri pachena .
• Kupfeka magirazi ekuona kana kushandisa michina yekubatsira kunzwa kana paine matambudziko ekunzwa.

Ndiani anofanira kunge ari muchikwata chekuchengeta mwana wangu?

Kana mwana wako aine Down syndrome, anofanira kuona nyanzvi dzakasiyana-siyana kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti ane hutano hwakanaka. Chikwata ichi chinogona kusanganisira:

• Vanopa rubatsiro rwevana : Tarisai kukura kwemwana wenyu, kukura kwake, majekiseni, uye matambudziko ehutano hwake.
• Vanachiremba vane hunyanzvi zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemwana: Semuenzaniso, chiremba wemwoyo, chiremba we endocrinologist, nyanzvi yezvemajini, uye chiremba wemaziso.
• Varapi vekutaura : Batsirai mwana kutaura.
• Varapi vemuviri : Simbisa tsandanyama uye kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekufamba.
• Varapi vezvemabasa: Kuvandudza hunyanzvi hunodiwa kuti uite mabasa ezuva nezuva zviri nyore.
• Varapi vepfungwa: Batsirai kugadzirisa matambudziko emanzwiro anouya neDown syndrome.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kusanganiswa neDown Syndrome?

Vanhu vane Down syndrome vanogona kuva nezvimwe zvirwere zvinovapo pakuzvarwa kana kukura nekufamba kwenguva. Chiremba anogona kukubatsira iwe nemwana wako kugadzirisa zvirwere izvi. Zvirwere zvinonyanya kuitika ndeizvi:

• Matambudziko emwoyo .
• Kusashanda zvakanaka kwe thyroid .
• Matambudziko ekugaya chikafu : kuvimbiwa, gastroesophageal reflux, uye chirwere checeliac.
• Autism : Matambudziko ane chekuita nehunyanzvi hwekushamwaridzana, kutaurirana, uye maitiro ekudzokorora.
• Chirwere cheAlzheimer (sezvaunokura).

Vanhu vane Down syndrome vari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere cheAlzheimer here?

Ehe, vanhu vane Down syndrome vari panjodzi yakakura yekubatwa nechirwere cheAlzheimer pavanenge vachikura. Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti vanhu vanosvika 30% vane Down syndrome vari mumakore avo ekuma50 uye vanosvika 50% yevanhu vari mumakore avo ekuma60 vanogona kubatwa nechirwere ichi.

Chromosome 21 yakawedzerwa inonzi ndiyo inokonzera njodzi iyi yakawedzera. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti majini ari pachromosome 21 anogadzira puroteni inonzi amyloid precursor protein, iyo inokonzera shanduko dzinoonekwa muuropi hwevarwere vane Alzheimer's.

Down Syndrome inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Down syndrome chirwere chinokonzerwa nemajini, saka hachigone kudzivirirwa . Kana uchida kuziva njodzi yako yekuva nemwana ane chirwere ichi, taura nachiremba wako nezvemajini.

Chii chaunofanira kutarisira kana uine mwana ane Down Syndrome?

Nerutsigiro rwakakodzera nerudo, vana vane Down syndrome vanogona kurarama hupenyu hunofadza uye hune hutano . Kurapwa nekurapwa kunogona kuvabatsira kukunda matanho ekukura, kudzidza nevamwe vana vezera ravo, kuita shamwari, uye kuita mabasa anobudirira.

Kune mapoka akawanda nezvinhu zvinobatsira vabereki, mhuri, nevanovachengeta.

Pane mushonga weDown Syndrome here?

Kwete. Down syndrome chirwere chinogara kwenguva refu uye hapana mushonga . Zvisinei, zviratidzo zvinogona kugadziriswa, uye kune mishonga yemamwe matambudziko ehutano anogona kuitika.

Ndeipi nguva yekurarama kwevanhu vane Down Syndrome?

Mazuva ano, avhareji yemakore ekurarama kwemunhu ane Down syndrome i60 kana kupfuura . Vangangoda rutsigiro nerubatsiro muhupenyu hwavo hwese.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zviripo kune vanhu vane Down syndrome nemhuri dzavo?

Kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvinobatsira vanhu vane Down syndrome nemhuri dzavo. Mhuri zhinji dzinobatana nemapoka ekutsigirana ane Down syndrome kuti vagovane zvavakasangana nazvo uye vataure nezvenzira dzekubatsira vana vavo kurarama hupenyu hune hutano uye hunogutsa.

Vanhu vane Down Syndrome vangada rutsigiro muhupenyu hwavo hwese. Pamusoro pekurapwa, vangadawo rubatsiro nezvinhu zvakaita sedzidzo, basa, uye kurarama vakazvimiririra. Kune masangano akasiyana-siyana anopa ruzivo nesimba kuvanhu ava nemhuri dzavo. Kune masangano nemapurogiramu akafanana muSri Lanka, saka unogona kuzviongorora.

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba wangu?

• Kana ndichifunga kuti ndine Down Syndrome, ndingagadzirira sei kuzvarwa kwemwana wangu?
• Ndingatsigira sei mwana wangu?
• Unogona here kupa mazano kune chero zvinhu zvingabatsira mhuri?
• Ndiani anofanira kunge ari muchikwata chekuchengeta mwana wangu?

Vanhu vane Down Syndrome vanogona kuva nevana here?

Ehe, vanhu vane Down Syndrome vanogona kuva nevana. Vakadzi vanosvika 50% vanokwanisa kuva nevana. Varume vanogona kunge vasina mbereko yakakwana. Kune amai vane Down Syndrome, njodzi yekupa chirwere ichi kuvana vavo iri pakati pe35% ne50%.

Zvakajairika kunzwa wakaremerwa paunoona kuti mwana wako ane Down syndrome. Paunenge uchiedza kugadzirisa nyaya iyi, yeuka kuti hausi wega uye kuti chromosome yemwana wako yakawedzerwa chikamu chehunhu hwake. Unogona kuwana rutsigiro kubva kuchikwata chevanachiremba vemwana wako, kana kubva kumhuri nemapoka evanotarisira kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezvechirwere ichi uye ubatsire mwana wako kukura zvakanaka.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvatinofanira kurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Down Syndrome haisi chinhu chekutya, zvakakosha kuti uzive zvakawanda nezvayo.

• Ichi chirwere chemajini, kwete mhosva yemunhu.
• Mwana wese akasiyana, uye vana vane Down syndrome vanokura nenzira yavo yakasiyana.
• Kana vana ava vakangozivikanwa nekukurumidza uye vakarapwa nerutsigiro, vanogonawo kurarama hupenyu hunofadza uye hune chinangwa.
• Hausi wega! Kune vanhu vakawanda nezvinhu zvekubatsira nekukutsigira. Tarisana nedambudziko iri nemaonero akanaka nerudo .

Yeukai, mwana wese chipo chinokosha. Kana akapihwa rudo, kutarisirwa, uye mukana waanoda, anogona kukunda nyika!

Down syndrome, machromosomes, zvirwere zvemajini, kukura kwevana, zvinodiwa zvakakosha, dzidzo yehutano, Sri Lanka