Fungidzira kuti wanyorera basa idzva, kana kuti wakaita tsaona wozopedzisira wava muchipatara. Ko kana ukangoerekana waudzwa kuti unofanira "kuongororwa mushonga"? Waizotya zvishoma, handiti? Chii chaizvo chinonzi bvunzo mushonga? Sei ichiitwa? Unodudzira sei mhedzisiro yacho? Pamwe hauna kumbofunga nezvazvo. Asi ichi chinhu chatinofanira kuziva tese. Saka ngatitaurei nezvazvo zviri nyore uye zvakajeka.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi bvunzo yemishonga?
Kuongororwa kwemishonga inzira yekuona kana une mushonga uri pamutemo kana kuti usiri pamutemo mumuviri wako. Izvi zvinoshandisa muenzaniso wemuviri wakatorwa mumuviri wako, semuenzaniso, weti kana ropa.
Patinofunga nezve "zvinodhaka," tinowanzo funga nezvezvinhu zvisiri pamutemo, asi bvunzo idzi dzinofukidza zvakawanda. Kureva kuti, dzinosanganisira:
- Zvinhu zviri pamutemo - zvakaita sedoro nefodya.
- Mishonga inotengeswa kunze kwechitoro chemishonga inogona kutengwa mu pharmacy pasina mushonga.
- Mishonga inonyorerwa nachiremba.
- Mishonga isiri pamutemo.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti bvunzo imwe chete haigone kutaura kuti munhu anga achishandisa zvinodhaka kwenguva yakareba sei kana kuti kwenguva yakareba sei. Izvi zvinoreva kuti bvunzo iyi yoga haina kukwana kusiyanisa munhu anoshandisa zvinodhaka dzimwe nguva nemunhu akapindwa muropa nezvinodhaka.
Mishonga yakasiyana yatinotora inopatsanurwa (inogadziriswa) nemiviri yedu nematanho akasiyana. Nokudaro, kunyange zvazvo mimwe mishonga ichigona kuramba iri mumuviri kwemazuva mashoma, mimwe inogona kuramba iri mumuviri kwemavhiki. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nguva iyo mishonga inogona kuonekwa inosiyana. Kuongororwa kunonyanya kushandiswa kweizvi ndeyekuyedzwa kwemishonga yemuwene (UDT).
Muzviitiko zvipi panodiwa kuita bvunzo yakadaro?
Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda nei ungangoda kuongororwa mushonga. Ngationei kuti ndezvipi.
Kubasa
Ichi ndicho chikonzero chinowanzoitika. Masangano anogona kukumbira bvunzo iyi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana.
- Usati watora mushandi mutsva: Izvi zvinogona kunge zvichidikanwa, kunyanya kana uri kutamira kunze kwenyika kana kuti uri mubasa rine mutoro mukuru.
- Paunenge uri pabasa: Mamwe masangano anoita bvunzo idzi zvisina tsarukano kana kuti nenguva yakatarwa.
- Kana paine fungidziro yekuti kushandisa zvinodhaka kunoitika: Kana paine fungidziro yekuti mushandi anogona kuchinja maitiro ake, zvakaita sekusavapo kubasa.
- Mushure metsaona kubasa: Kutsvaga kana kushandisa zvinodhaka ndiko kwakakonzera tsaona.
Nezvikonzero zvehutano
- Kuongorora uye Kurapwa: Miedzo iyi inoshandiswa kuongorora nekurapa vanhu vakapindwa muropa nedoro kana zvinodhaka. Inobatsira kuona kana vari kugamuchira kurapwa zvakanaka, vari kuramba vasina kudhakwa, kana kuti vari kudzokera shure.
- Njodzi: Kana munhu akapinda muchipatara kamwe kamwe nekuda kwekunwa mishonga yakawandisa kana chepfu, bvunzo iyi inoitirwa muEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) kuti ionekwe chikonzero chaicho chezviratidzo.
- Kuongororwa Kwemishonga: Kana chiremba akakunyorera mishonga yakadai seopioids, ine njodzi huru yekupindwa muropa, chiremba wako dzimwe nguva anogona kukumbira bvunzo iyi kuti aone kana uri kutora mushonga wacho nechiyero chakakodzera uye kana uri kuushandisa zvisina kunaka.
Nezvinangwa zvepamutemo
- Mirairo yeDare: Miedzo iyi inodiwa nemirairo yedare kana yatumirwa kuzvirongwa zvekurapwa kana panguva yekuyedzwa.
- Kuferefeta Kwemhosva: Kuunganidza humbowo hwemhosva.
- Kutyaira wakadhakwa kana kushandisa zvinodhaka: Kuferefeta kwakaitwa nemapurisa.
Mundima yemitambo
Miedzo iyi inofanirwa kuonekwa kana vatambi vemitambo vari kushandisa mishonga inowedzera simba.
Ndedzipi mhando dzemiedzo yemishonga dziripo?
Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuyedzwa kwemishonga. Dzinorongwa zvichienderana nemuenzaniso wakatorwa pakuyedzwa uye rudzi rwemushonga uri kuyedzwa. Ngatizvitarisei zvakajeka mutafura.
| Rudzi rweKuedza | Muenzaniso wakashandiswa | Ruzivo rwakakosha |
|---|---|---|
| Kuedzwa kweWeti | Weti/Weti | Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa . Inokwanisa kuona zvinhu zvakaita sedoro, amphetamines , benzodiazepines , opioids , cocaine, uye mbanje (THC) . |
| Kuongororwa kweRopa | Ropa | Inowanzoshandiswa panguva dzenjodzi (muETU) , inogona kuyera huwandu hwedoro (ethanol) muropa nemazvo. |
| Kuedzwa kweFollicle yeBvudzi | Vhudzi | Ruzivo nezvekushandisa zvinodhaka kwenguva refu kwemunhu runogona kuwanikwa. Ruzivo runogona kuwanikwa kwemwedzi inosvika mitatu kubva pabvudzi riri pamusoro pemusoro, uye kusvika mwedzi gumi nemiviri kubva pabvudzi riri kune dzimwe nzvimbo pamuviri. |
| Kuedza Kufema | Kufema (kufema) | Inonyanya kushandiswa kuona kana doro rave kunwiwa munguva pfupi yapfuura . Inzira inowanzo shandiswa nemapurisa. |
| Kuedzwa kweDikita | Ziya | Kupfeka pedhi rinonyudza ganda rakabatana neganda kunounganidza ziya. Rinogona kuona kana mishonga yakashandiswa panguva iyoyo. |
Chii chinoonekwa nebvunzo uye sei?
Kana mushonga ukapinda mumuviri, chiropa chedu nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri dzinouputsa. Mukuita uku, mushonga uyu unoshandurwa kuita mamwe makemikari anonzi 'metabolites'. Mushure mechinguva, mishonga iyi ne'metabolites' dzayo zvinoburitswa mumuviri, kunyanya kuburikidza neweti.
Kuongororwa kwemushonga kunoongorora kana sampuli yako ine mishonga iyi kana metabolites yayo.
Kazhinji, mhando dzakasiyana dzemishonga dzinoedzwa mumuenzaniso mumwe chete. Mhando huru shanu dzinonyanya kuyedzwa mukuyedzwa kwezvinodhaka zvisiri pamutemo ndedzinoti:
- Amphetamines
- Cocaine
- Mbanje
- PCP
- Maopioid
Pamusoro pezvo, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvaunogona kutarisa. Semuenzaniso:
- Doro `(Ethanol)`
- Mishonga yekuderedza kushushikana
- Mabhariturati
- Benzodiazepines
- Fentanyl
- Heroin
- Morphine
- Chikakananda
Pane bvunzo yemishonga inogona kuitwa kumba here?
Ehe, kune makiti ari kutengeswa anokubvumidza kuyedza weti kumba. Panogonawo kunge paine makiti ari kutengeswa anoyedza mate, mweya, kana bvudzi.
Asi yeuka, kururama kweizvi kunogona kusiyana . Kazhinji hazvinyanyi kubatwa nechirwere sebvunzo yemurabhoritari. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyangwe bvunzo yekumba ikaratidza kuti 'Negative' (hapana mishonga), sampuro imwe chete inogona kunge ichiri 'Positive' (mishonga iripo) kana ikaedzwa murabhoritari.
Pamusoro pezvo, American Academy of Pediatrics inokurudzira vabereki kuti vasaise vana vavo bvunzo dzakadai kumba. Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti idzi hadzideredzi kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka muvana, uye kuti kududzira zvisizvo mhedzisiro kunogona kukanganisa hukama hwemubereki nemwana.
Unganzwisisa sei mhedzisiro yebvunzo?
Mhedzisiro yacho inowanzo taurwa se "Yakanaka" kana "Yakaipa". Zvisinei, pane zvinhu zvishoma zvekufunga nezvazvo kana uchidudzira izvi.
Kunzwisisa mhedzisiro yakanaka (+)
- Kuonekwa kuti une hutachiona hweHIV zvinoreva kuti mushonga wakaedzwa waivapo mumuviri panguva yakatarwa.
- Izvi hazvirevi hazvo kuti munhu wacho akadhakwa panguva iyoyo, kana kuti akapindwa muropa nezvinodhaka.
- Zvinhu Zvakanaka Zvenhema: Dzimwe nguva mimwe mishonga kana chikafu chaunotora chinogona kukonzera mhedzisiro yakanaka. Semuenzaniso, kudya mbeu dzepoppy kunogona kukonzera bvunzo yakanaka yeopioid. Mimwe mishonga inowanzo shandiswa padzihwa inogona kukonzera bvunzo yakanaka yePCP.
- Saka, kana bvunzo yekutanga iine positive, imwe bvunzo chaiyo (test confirmatory) inoitirwa kusimbisa izvozvo. Ndizvo zvinotungamira kumhedzisiro yekupedzisira.
Kunzwisisa Mhedzisiro Isina Kunaka (-)
- Kusaratidza kuti mushonga wakaedzwa hauna kuzivikanwa.
- Chikonzero cheizvi chingave chekuti huwandu hwemushonga mumuviri hwakaderera zvakanyanya zvekuti haugone kuonekwa, kana kuti mushonga wacho wakashandiswa panguva isina kuonekwa neongororo.
- Izvi hazvirevi hazvo kuti munhu wacho haana kushandisa zvinodhaka nguva pfupi yadarika, kana kuti haana dambudziko rekushandisa zvinodhaka.
- Zvisina Kunaka: Mhedzisiro yakaipa inogonawo kuitika nekuda kwekutorwa kwesampuro zvisina kunaka, kuedza kubiridzira bvunzo (semuenzaniso, kushandisa weti yemumwe munhu), kana bvunzo isingafukidze mushonga chaiwo.
Kuongororwa kwemishonga kunogona kunetsa zvishoma. Asi yeuka, vanachiremba nevakuru vakuru vanoongorora mhedzisiro yacho nokungwarira. Kana muine mibvunzo nezvemaitiro acho kana mhedzisiro yacho, bvunzai sangano rakaraira bvunzo yacho kana chiremba wenyu.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kuongororwa kwemishonga inzira inoshandiswa kuongorora weti kana ropa kuti ione kana paine mishonga mumuviri.
- Miedzo iyi inoitwa nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakaita senyaya dzebasa, dzezvekurapa, uye dzemutemo.
- Mhedzisiro yakanaka chete hairevi kuti munhu apindwa muropa nezvinodhaka. Mimwe miedzo inodiwa kuti izvi zvisimbiswe.
- Mhedzisiro isina kunaka haigone kuvimbiswa zvizere kuti munhu haasi kushandisa zvinodhaka zvachose.
- Usati waongororwa, iva nechokwadi chekuti waudza chiremba wako kana mushandi akakodzera nezvemishonga yese nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri zvauri kutora.
- Kana muine zvinokunetsai kana kusava nechokwadi nazvo, taurai pachena nachiremba akakunyorerai mushonga wacho.
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