Wakambozvibvunza here kuti chii chingaitika kana tsinga yeropa mumuviri wedu ikangoerekana yavharwa nechimwe chinhu? Pamwe izvozvo hazvina kuitika kwauri. Asi, ichi chinhu chatinofanira kuziva tese. Nekuti, tsinga yeropa yakavharika seizvi, chirwere chinonzi (Embolism), dzimwe nguva chinogona kuva nengozi zvikuru. Saka, totaura nezveizvi zvakadzama uye nhasi uno here?
Chii chinonzi embolism? Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore...
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, embolism inoitika kana imwe yetsinga dzeropa, kana nzvimbo inoyerera ropa, ikavharirwa nechimwe chinhu. Kazhinji, kuvharika uku kunokonzerwa nekugwamba kweropa kwakaumbwa kune imwe nzvimbo. Zvisinei, kwete kugwamba kweropa chete, asiwo zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kufamba kubva kune imwe nzvimbo mumuviri kuenda kune imwe uye kuvharira tsinga dzeropa seizvi.
Fungidzira zvakaita seguruva riri kunamirwa mupombi yemvura. Mimwe mitsipa yeropa, nekuda kwehukuru hwayo nechimiro chayo, ine mukana wekuvharika kupfuura mimwe. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kunyanya kana tsinga huru yeropa ikapatsanuka kuita diki, kana kuti apo tsinga yeropa yakatetepa nekuda kwemafuta akaunganidzwa (atherosclerosis).
Mazimbe aya anogona kuitika chero kupi zvako mumuviri wako, kusanganisira uropi hwako, mapapu, itsvo, uye spleen. Rudzi rwakajairika rwemazimbe rwuri mumapapu. Kana ropa rakagwamba mutsinga dzemakumbo ako roenda kumapapu ako, rinonzi pulmonary embolism, kana kuti PE .
Ndedzipi nzira dzakasiyana dzinoshandiswa ne embolism?
Kuvharika kweropa kunogona kukamurwa kuita mhando dzakasiyana zvichienderana nekuti chinhu chinonamira mutsinga yeropa. Tarisa:
- Kuumbwa kweropa mutsinga: Iyi ndiyo mhando inonyanya kuoneka yekugwamba kweropa . Inokonzerwa nekugwamba kweropa kunoumbwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo mumuviri, kunyanya mutsinga dzakadzika dzemakumbo (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT).
- Kudzivirira bundu: Chinhu chakafanana nechikamu chesero rekenza.
- Kuvimba kwemafuta: Mafuta anogona kuungana muropa panguva yekutyoka kukuru kwepfupa.
- Septic embolism: Kugwamba kweropa kunokonzerwa nehutachiona.
- Kuvharika kwemhepo: Semuenzaniso, kunogona kukonzerwa negasi renitrogen panguva yekunyura mumvura.
- Kubuda kwemvura muropa reAmniotic: Izvi zvinosanganisirwa nekusununguka uye hazviwanzoitiki.
Panyaya idzi, Venous Thromboembolism , inova ropa rinoumbwa mutsinga dzodzivhara, rinowanzoitika kupfuura arterial clots. Kutaura zvazviri, munyika yakaita seAmerica, zvinonzi vanhu vanosvika 900,000 pagore vanotambura nechirwere ichi. Uyewo, Pulmonary Embolism ndiyo yechitatu inotungamira mukufa kwemwoyo netsinga dzeropa pasi rose. (Nhamba yekutanga neyechipiri iStroke neHeart Attack).
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve embolism?
Kana embolism ikamuka mutsinga yako, inovhara kufamba kweropa. Unoziva, ropa rinotakura okisijeni inodiwa nesero rega rega mumuviri wedu. Saka, kana ropa risingakwanise kupfuura, okisijeni haigone kupfuura. Kushaikwa kweokisijeni uku kunokonzera chirwere chinonzi "infarct," chinokuvadza nhengo inoda okisijeni iyoyo. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kurwadziwa. Dzimwe nguva, kushaikwa kweokisijeni uku kunogona kutouraya.
Fungidzira ropa rakagwamba (thrombus) richiumbwa mutsinga yakadzika mugumbo rako, uye zvidimbu zvidiki zvaro zvinotyoka zvofamba neropa kuenda kurudyi rwemoyo wako. Kubva ipapo, ropa rinopombwa kuenda kumapapu. Magwamba madiki aya eropa (pulmonary emboli) anonamira mutsinga diki dzeropa dziri mumapapu, zvichikonzera mapapu kuvharika. Kashoma, makuru (pulmonary emboli) anogona kuvharira zvachose kuyerera kweropa kubva kurudyi rwemoyo kuenda kumapapu.
Zviratidzo zve embolism zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi uye nzvimbo ye embolism. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kunge vasina zviratidzo zvachose. Heano mamwe ezviratidzo:
- Kushaya mweya
- Kuderera kweokisijeni muropa (Hypoxemia)
- Kufema nekukurumidza asi kusina kudzika (Tachypnea)
- Kushaya simba, kuneta
- Musoro
- Mavara matsvuku paganda (Petechiae)
- Kurwadziwa kwechipfuva
- Kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza (Tachycardia)
- Kupindwa nechando
- Kuzvimba paruoko kana pagumbo
- Kubatwa nepfari
- Vertigo
- Kurutsa uye kuda kurutsa
- Kuderera kweropa (Hypotension)
Chii chinonyanya kukonzera embolism?
Kazhinji, pulmonary embolism inoitika mumapapu. Chikonzero chikuru cheizvi kuumbwa kweropa mutsinga dzemakumbo (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT) . Dzimwe nguva, pulmonary embolism inogonawo kuitika nekuda kweDVT mutsinga dzakadzika dzemaoko.
Kune zvimwe zvikonzero zvinoita kuti embolism iitike:
- Kutapukira kwemukati memwoyo (infective endocarditis)
- Kurova kwemwoyo zvisina kurongeka (atrial fibrillation)
- Thrombus ye ventricular yekuruboshwe
- Pfupa rakatyoka mutsaona huru
- Kenza
- Zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana
- Chipembenene
- Kubviswa kwemafuta mumuviri
- Kuisirwa mapfupa emongo
- Chirwere cheshuga chepamuviri
- Placenta accreta (kunamatira kwakadzika kweplacenta kumadziro echibereko)
Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere ichi (embolism)?
Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinowanzokonzera kuumbwa kweropa (embolism). Ona kana chimwe cheizvi chichishanda kwauri:
- Kusaita maekisesaizi: Kugara panzvimbo imwe kwenguva yakareba, kunyanya mushure mekuvhiyiwa.
- Kuvhiyiwa uye mamwe marapirwo ekurapa: Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kukuru.
- Kukundikana kwemoyo
- Kurohwa
- Kenza
- Kukuvara kwemuviri (Kukuvara)
- Kukwira kweropa (BP)
- Kushandiswa kwefodya (kusvuta)
- Kushandisa mapiritsi ekudzivirira pamuviri
- Zvirwere zvinoita kuti ropa rigwambe zviri nyore
- Zvimwe zvishandiso zvekurapa, zvakaita se pacemakers
Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwe embolism?
Matambudziko e embolism anosiyana zvichienderana nekwaanoitika. Zvinogona kuva nengozi zvikuru. Heano mamwe ematambudziko:
- Kusashanda zvakanaka kwehuropi, zvakadai sekurasikirwa nendangariro
- Kusarongeka kwekurova kwemoyo (Arrhythmia)
- Kusungwa kwemwoyo
- Kumira kurova kwemoyo
- Kuzvimba kweuropi
- Kuzvimba kwemapapu
- Chirwere cheAcute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
- Kurasikirwa neruoko kana gumbo
- Pundu remusana
- Kufa kwenyama muitsvo, spleen, kana imwe nhengo yakakanganiswa
- Kudzoserwa kwevharuvhu yetricuspid (kubuda kweropa richibuda nepavharuvhu yemoyo)
- Kukundikana kweitsvo
- Kukundikana kwemoyo
- Kurohwa
- Kunyangwe kufa kwevanhu kunogona kuitika.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti, ichi hachisi chinhu chekurerutsa. Kunyangwe chingaratidzika sechinhu chidiki, kana chikasarapwa nenguva, chinogona kukonzera matambudziko anotyisidzira hupenyu.
Chiremba anoona sei chirwere ichi nemazvo (embolism)?
Kana uine zviratidzo zve embolism, chiremba achatanga akuongorora. Chiremba anogona kuona zvinhu zvakaita sekuchinja kweganda kana kuoma kufema. Kana paine chinofungidzirwa kuti embolism, anogona kuita bvunzo.
Zvichienderana nerudzi rwe embolism, bvunzo dzinotevera dzinogona kuitwa:
- Kuongororwa kweropa
- X-ray yechipfuva
- Doppler ultrasound - kuongorora kufamba kweropa mutsinga dzeropa.
- ECG (Electrocardiogram - EKG) - Inotarisa mashandiro emoyo.
- Kuongororwa kweCT (Computed Tomography - CT scan)
- Kuongororwa kweMRA(Magnetic Resonance Angiogram - MRA)
- MRI (Kufungidzira Magadzirirwo Emagineti)
- Angiogram - X-ray yetsinga dzeropa mushure mekubaya dhayi.
- Kuongororwa kwemoyo neultrasound: (Transthoracic echocardiogram - TTE) uye (Transesophageal echocardiogram - TEE)
- Dzimwe nguva biopsy inoitwa kuti iongorore chidimbu chenyama.
Ndeipi mishonga yekurapa embolism?
Chinangwa chikuru chekurapa embolism kubvisa kuvharika kwetsinga yeropa uye kudzoreredza kufamba kweropa. Kazhinji, sarudzo yekutanga ndeyekurapa nemishonga.
Heano mamwe marapirwo e embolism:
- Mishonga Inorwisa Kubuda Kweropa : Tinoti izvi "zvinosimbisa" ropa.
- Mishonga yeThrombolytics : Iyi inonyungudutsa ropa zvakananga uye inoribvisa.
- Mishonga Inorwisa Mabhakitiriya yeEmbolism
- Mishonga inowedzera kushanda kwemoyo (Inotropes)
- Kurapa neokisijeni kana hyperbaric oxygen therapy
- Kubviswa kwe embolism (kuvhiyiwa kwekubvisa embolism)
Muzviitiko zvakakomba, vanhu vane embolism vangada mamwe marapirwo ekutsigira hupenyu, akadai seCPR , ECMO (muchina unoshanda panzvimbo pemwoyo nemapapu), uye kunyange michina yekubatsira kufema.
Pane migumisiro yakaipa here yekurapwa kwacho?
Ehe, zvinosuwisa kuti pane zvimwe zvinogona kukonzera migumisiro yakaipa. Pane njodzi yekubuda ropa, kunyanya nemishonga inonzi anticoagulants uye thrombolytics. Kana ropa rakagwamba richibviswa nekuvhiyiwa (embolectomy), panogona kuva nenjodzi dzakadai se:
- Kukuvadzwa kwetsinga yeropa
- Kubuda ropa
- Kurova kwemoyo zvishoma nezvishoma (Bradycardia)
- Kuderera kweropa (Hypotension)
- Kusungwa kwemwoyo
Chii chinoitika kana embolism ikaitika?
Vamwe vanhu vane embolism vanogona kunge vasina zviratidzo zvachose, nepo vamwe vangave nezviratidzo zvakakomba. Mabatirwo aunoitwa anoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira kukura uye kuoma kwe embolism, uye kwayakatangira.
Embolism chirwere chinoisa upenyu panjodzi, saka kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa nekukurumidza kunogona kuwedzera mikana yako yekupora.
Chii chatingaita kudzivirira embolism?
Ehe, tinogona kudzivirira mamwe marudzi e embolism. Kana uri panjodzi ye embolism, chiremba wako anogona kukukurudzira zvinotevera:
- Paunenge uchifamba nzendo refu (senge mundege kana bhazi), simuka maawa mashoma ega ega wosimudza zvishoma zvitsitsinho zvako (calf pumps).Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuchengetedza kufamba kweropa mumakumbo.
- Mishonga inodzikisa ropa (Anticoagulants) .
- Kushandisa masokisi akakosha ekudzvanya.
- Mudziyo unomanikidza makumbo (Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Device - IPC device) .
- Kune vamwe vanhu, sefa inogona kuiswa mutsinga huru inotakura ropa kubva pasi pemuviri kuenda kumoyo (sefa ye inferior vena cava) . Izvi zvinodzivirira ropa kuti risafambe kuenda kumoyo nemapapu.
Ndingazvitarisira sei kana ndikava ne embolism?
Mushure me embolism, ungangoda kugadziriswa kuti upore. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti embolism inogona kunge yakakanganisa nzvimbo dzakadai seuropi kana mapapu. Kukuvara uku kunoitika nekuti embolism yakavhara okisijeni kunhengo iyoyo kana nzvimbo iyoyo.
Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?
Kana uine zviratidzo zve embolism, unofanira kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika. Usanonoka.
Mushure me embolism, muchafanira kuramba muchiona chiremba wenyu uye kutevedzera mirairo yake. Kunyanya kana muri kutora mishonga yakadai semishonga inorwisa ropa, chiremba wenyu achaongorora kana muri kuitora nemazvo uye kana njodzi yenyu yekubuda ropa yachinja.
Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba?
Unogona kubvunza chiremba wako mibvunzo yakaita seiyi:
- Sei ndakawana izvi (embolism)?
- Mikana yekupora ndeipi zvichienderana nemamiriro angu ezvinhu?
- Ndeipi nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa?
- Chii chandinofanira kuita kudzivirira kuti imwe embolism yakaita seiyi isaitike zvakare?
Muchidimbu (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)
Zvakajairika kunetseka nezvechirwere chinonzi embolism, sezvo chinogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi. Ndosaka zvichikosha kuti uwane kurapwa nekukasika. Kana uine zviratidzo zve embolism, tsvaga rubatsiro kubva kumhuri yako neshamwari. Mushure mekurapwa, tsvaga rubatsiro kubva kumhuri yako neshamwari. Kana uchinetseka kana kuti uchinetseka nezvekuva ne embolism imwe, taura neanopa mazano. Hausi wega, uye usatya kukumbira rubatsiro.
Kuvhara ropa , kuvhara kweropa, kuvharika kwetsinga dzeropa, kuvhara kwemapapu, Kuvhara kwemapapu, Kuvhara kweDVT, zviratidzo, kurapwa, kudzivirira
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