Pamwe wakaudzwa kuti "sangana nachiremba wezvekuvhiya" kana uine kurwadziwa nemudumbu kana kuti bundu riri padivi pemuviri wako. Paunonzwa izvozvo, unonzwa kutya uye kutya, handiti? Patinonzwa izwi rekuti 'chiremba wezvekuvhiya', zvinhu zvakaita senzvimbo yekuvhiya uye kuvhiya kukuru zvinouya mupfungwa dzako. Saka, ndiani chiremba wezvekuvhiya chaiye kana kuti 'General Surgeon'? Anoita maoparesheni chete here? Ngatitaurei nezvazvo kuti tibvise kutya nekusava nechokwadi kwakapoteredza izvi.
Ndiani uyu chiremba mukuru wevanachiremba?
Muchidimbu, chiremba mukuru wezvirwere zvepfungwa (General Surgeon) chiremba akadzidziswa zvakanyanya kuita maoparesheni. Vanogona kufananidzwa nachiremba wemhuri anogonawo kuita maoparesheni. Anogona kuongorora chirwere chako kubva pakutanga, kusarudza marapirwo anodiwa, uye kuita oparesheni kana zvichidikanwa.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti chiremba wekuvhiya ave newe kwete panguva yekuvhiyiwa chete.
- Kutarisirwa usati wavhiyiwa: Achakuongorora, oita bvunzo dzinodiwa, uye okugadzirira kuvhiyiwa.
- Munguva yekuvhiyiwa (Kutarisirwa kwechiremba): Kuvhiyiwa uku kunoitwa zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira.
- Kutarisirwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa: Iye achatarisa hutano hwako uye achakupa mazano anodiwa nemishonga mushure mekuvhiyiwa kusvika wapora.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti, chiremba wekurapa chiremba achava newe kubva pakutanga kusvika kumagumo maererano nechirwere chako uye achakutarisira.
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinowanzo rapa vanachiremba?
Chiremba haangogumiri pachikamu chimwe chete chemuviri chete. Vanobata zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Ngatitarisei zvimwe zvezvirwere zvinonyanya kuitika.
| Mamiriro/Chiitiko | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Kushungurudzika | Zvinhu zvakaita sekukuvara kwakanyanya kubva mutsaona, kubuda ropa mukati, nezvimwewo. |
| Zvirwere zvine chekuita nedumbu | Zvirwere zvakaita se appendicitis, hernia, matombo emudumbu, uye maburi emudumbu. |
| Zvirwere zvemazamu | Kuongororwa uye kubviswa kwebundu (rekenza uye risiri rekenza) muzamu. |
| Zvirwere zveganda nenyama dzakapfava | Kuvhiyiwa kudiki kwebundu reganda, eczema, nezvimwe zvinetso zveganda. |
| Mamiriro e endocrine | Kuvhiyiwa kwematambudziko ane thyroid kana adrenal glands. |
| Kuvhiyiwa kwegomarara (Surgical oncology) | Kuvhiyiwa kubvisa bundu rekenza pagurokuro, zamu, kana dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. |
Asi yeuka, kana chiremba wekurapa akaona chirwere chakaoma zvikuru chaakaoma kurapa, angangokutumira kune mumwe chiremba ane hunyanzvi hwekuchirapa. Izvi zvichaita kuti uwane kurapwa kwakanakisisa.
Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti munhu adzidze kuti ave chiremba anovhiya?
Rwendo urwu harusi nyore sezvaungafunga. Chiremba wechiremba munhu ane kudzidziswa kwepamusoro uye kuzvipira.
1. Kutanga unofanira kuva chiremba: Unowanzo fanira kudzidza kuchikoro chekurapa kwemakore mashanu kusvika matanhatu uye kuwana dhigirii reMBBS.
2. Zvadaro kudzidziswa kwekuvhiyiwa: Mushure meizvozvo, vanofanirwa kupinda muchirongwa chekugara kwenguva inopfuura makore mashanu. Munguva iyi, vanoshanda vari pasi pevanachiremba vane ruzivo uye vanowana ruzivo rwekuita zviuru zvekuvhiyiwa kwakasiyana-siyana.
3. Vanofanira kupasa bvunzo dzakakosha: Mushure mekudzidziswa uku, vanozokwanisa kushanda sachiremba wekuvhiya mushure mekupasa bvunzo dzakawanda dzakaoma dzakanyorwa uye dzemuromo.
Saka unogona kuona kuti chiremba ari kukurapa ane ruzivo rwakakura uye ane ruzivo rwakakura.
Ndedzipi nzira itsva dzekuvhiya dziri kushandiswa mazuva ano?
Patinofunga nezve 'kuvhiyiwa', tinofunga nezvechimwe chinhu chinosanganisira kugadzira kukuvara kukuru mumuviri, asi neruzivo rwemazuva ano, mamiriro acho ezvinhu akachinja zvikuru. Iye zvino, vanachiremba vanoshandisa nzira dzemazuva ano dzisingakuvadzi muviri zvakanyanya sezvinobvira (dzisingakuvadzi zvakanyanya).
1. Nzira yeEndoscopy
Uku kuongororwa kana kuvhiyiwa kudiki kunosanganisira kuisa chubhu yakatetepa, inochinjika ine kamera yakasungirirwa nepaburi remuviri (semuenzaniso, nepamuromo kana paburi remudumbu), pasina kucheka ganda.
- Iyo inopinzwa nemuromo inonzi Upper GI Endoscopy. Izvi zvinogona kuongorora nzvimbo dzakadai segurokuro nedumbu.
- Colonoscopy inzira inoitiswa kuburikidza nerectum. Izvi zvinokubatsira kuti uongorore ura hukuru.
- Nzira iyi inogona kubvisa matumbu madiki (polyps) muura uye kutora sampuli diki dzenyama (biopsy) kuti dziongororwe.
2. Kuvhiyiwa kweLaparoscopic
Izvi ndizvo zvinonzi nevanhu vazhinji 'keyhole surgery' kana kuti 'laser operation.' Zvisinei, hapana laser ray inoshandiswa mukuita uku.
Chinoitika pano ndechekuti pachinzvimbo chekuita kucheka kukuru mudumbu, maburi madiki mashoma chete (anenge 1 centimeter) anogadzirwa, kamera (laparoscope) inopinzwa nepaburi rimwe, zvishandiso zvekuvhiya zvinopinzwa nepaburi rimwe, uye kuvhiyiwa kunoitwa uchitarisa terevhizheni.
Zvakanakira nzira iyi:
- Hakuna mavanga makuru kana mavanga.
- Marwadzo acho mashoma.
- Pora nekukurumidza uye enda kumba nekukurumidza.
- Njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere ishoma.
Mazuva ano, maoparesheni akawanda, akadai se appendectomy ne cholecystectomy, anoitwa achishandisa nzira iyi.
3. Kuvhiyiwa kweRoboti
Uku kuenderera mberi mune laparoscopic surgery. Pano, zvishandiso zvekuvhiya hazvibatwe zvakananga nachiremba wekuvhiya. Kuvhiya uku kunoitwa uchishandisa maoko erobhoti ayo chiremba anotonga kubva pakombuta. Izvi zvinoita kuti kunyangwe kuvhiya kwakaoma uye kwakaoma kuitwe nemazvo.
Musiyano uripo pakati pachiremba mukuru nachiremba anovhiya ndeupi?
Uyu mubvunzo une vanhu vazhinji. Mhinduro yacho iri nyore kwazvo.
Chiremba wese chiremba, asi haasi chiremba wese chiremba.
Kureva kuti, chiremba wekuvhiya chiremba akapedza dhigirii reMBBS uye akawana kudzidziswa kwakakosha pamwe nezvidzidzo pamusoro pekuvhiya. Kunyange zvazvo chiremba wemhuri yako (General Practitioner - GP) achirapa zvirwere nemishonga, chiremba wekuvhiya ane hunyanzvi nekudzidziswa kurapa zvirwere kwete nemishonga chete, asiwo nekuvhiya kana zvichidikanwa.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chiremba Mukuru weVarapi inyanzvi ine ruzivo rwakakura uye kudzidziswa kurapa zvirwere zvako.
- Usatya kuendeswa kuna chiremba anovhiya. Zvinoreva kuti matanho achatorwa kuti uwane kurapwa kwakanakisisa kwaunoda.
- Kana ukanzwa izwi rekuti 'operation', taura nachiremba wako nezvekutya, kusava nechokwadi, kana mibvunzo yaungave nayo usingazenguriri. Iye achakutsanangurira zvese.
- Nhasi uno, kuvhiyiwa kwakawanda kunoitwa uchishandisa nzira dzemazuva ano dzisingakanganisi muviri zvakanyanya uye dzinobvumira kupora nekukurumidza.
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