Tose takambonzwa izwi rekuti 'majemusi', handiti? Kunyanya mumba mune vana vadiki, tinowanzonzwa zvinhu zvakaita sekuti "gezai maoko enyu, majemusi" uye "musadye zviri pasi, majemusi." Kangani pazuva patinotaura izwi iri tisingatombofungi? Asi majemusi aya chii chaizvo? Kunyangwe asingaonekwe nemaziso, anokanganisa sei hupenyu hwedu? Ichokwadi here kuti mamwe akanaka? Nhasi, tichataura nezvazvo zviri nyore, mumutauro watinonzwisisa iwe neni.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, utachiona zvinhu zvipenyu zvidiki zvekuti hazvionekwe nemaziso. Mukurapa, tinodana tupukanana utwu. Huri kwese kwese. Mumhepo yaunofema, mvura yaunonwa, ivhu raunofamba naro, chikafu chatinodya, miviri yemhuka, zvirimwa... Muchidimbu, huri kwese kwese kwaunogona kufunga nezvako. Utachiona uhu hunogara pachikirini chefoni yauri kuverenga izvi, pachigunwe chemusuwo chauri kubata, paganda rako, uye kunyange mukati memuviri wako.
Asi musatya shoko rekuti 'majemusi'. Haasi ese majemusi aya anotirwarisa. Kutaura zvazviri, kunewo majemusi akanaka anotibatsira kuti tirambe tiine hutano uye akakosha kwatiri. Semuenzaniso, mamwe mabhakitiriya ari muura hwedu anotibatsira kugaya chikafu chatinodya uye anotidzivirira kubva kuhutachiona hwakaipa hunobva kunze. Zvisinei, kune mamwe majemusi ayo, kana akapinda mumiviri yedu, anogona kutirwarisa. Ndokusaka tichifanira kugeza maoko edu nguva dzose kudzivirira kupararira kwehutachiona uhu hwakaipa, hunokonzera zvirwere.
Ndeapi marudzi makuru ehutachiona?
Tinogona kupatsanura utachiona hunokonzera chirwere kuita mhando ina huru. Rudzi rumwe nerumwe runoshanda zvakasiyana uye runorapwa zvakasiyana. Ngatinzwisise izvi zvakajeka.
| Rudzi rwemushonga unouraya utachiona | Tsananguro iri nyore | Mienzaniso |
|---|---|---|
| Mabhakitiriya | Izvi zvisikwa zvidiki zvinoumbwa nesero rimwe chete. Zvinorarama nekuwana zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa kubva munharaunda. Kune mabhakitiriya akanaka pamwe nemabhakitiriya akaipa anokonzera zvirwere. Mabhakitiriya aya akaipa anogadzira chepfu mumiviri yedu uye anokonzera hutachiona. | Maburi emazino, hutachiona hwemudumbu, uye strep throat. Vanachiremba vanowanzo nyora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kuti irape izvi. |
| Mavhairasi | Mavhairasi haasi masero akakwana. Akafanana nezvinhu zvemajini zvakaputirwa mujecha reprotein. Haagone kurarama ega. Anoda rimwe sero mhenyu (sero rinobata muviri) kuti rirarame uye ripararire. Anopararira nekupinda mumasero emuviri wedu uye kutora kutonga kwemasero iwayo. | Mavhairasi anokonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana kubva padzihwa nefuruwenza kusvika kuzvirwere zvakakomba zvakaita segwirikwiti, dengue fever, uye HIV/AIDS. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya haishande pakurwisa mavhairasi. Mamwe mavhairasi chete ndiwo ane mishonga inorwisa mavhairasi. |
| Fungi | Izvi zvipenyu zvine masero akawanda, zvakafanana nemiti. Zvinokura zvakanaka munzvimbo dzinodziya uye dzine hunyoro. Funga nezvemhando yefungus inokura pachingwa chagara kwemazuva maviri kana matatu. | Chakuvhuvhu nembiriso mhando dzefungus. Zvirwere zvetsoka dzevatambi nembiriso zvakaita seCandida zvakajairika. Izvi hazviwanzo kuva nengozi kune munhu ane hutano. Kune mishonga yekuuraya fungus yekurapa izvi. |
| Mapuroteni | Izvi zvipenyu zvine sero rimwe chete zvakaita sebhakitiriya. Asi chimiro chemasero avo chakaoma kunzwisisa. Vanoda hunyoro zvakanyanya, saka vanoparadzira zvirwere kuburikidza nemvura yakasviba. Mamwe majemusi anorarama setupukanana mumiviri yezvimwe mhuka. | Mabhakitiriya aya anokonzera zvirwere zvakaita semarariya netoxoplasmosis. Mishonga yekudzivirira zvipembenene inoshandiswa kurapa izvi. |
Yeuka chinhu chimwe chete. Kana uine fivha, kukosora, kana dzihwa, haugone kuzvisarudzira wega kana iri hutachiona kana bhakitiriya. Saka usangoenda ku pharmacy wonotora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya wega. Iva nechokwadi chekuona chiremba, kuwana chirwere chakarurama, uye kungotora mushonga wakanyorwa chete.
Utachiona uhwu hunopararira sei kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe?
Utachiona hwakaita seuto rinovanda. Rinoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana kuti ripararire kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe, kubva kune mumwe munhu kuenda kune mumwe.
- Kubata munhu zvakananga: Utachiona hunogona kutapuriranwa zvakananga nekubata, kukwazisana maoko, kumbundirana, kana kutsvoda munhu anorwara. Uyewo, kugovana zvinhu zvakaita semakapu, ndiro, zvipunu, uye matauro zvinoshandiswa nemunhu anorwara zvinogona kuparadzira chirwere ichi.
- Kuburikidza nemhepo: Kana munhu ane hutachiona akakosora kana kuhotsira, madonhwe madiki emate anobva mumuromo nemumhino anoburitswa munzvimbo yakapoteredza. Madonhwe aya anogona kunge aine mamiriyoni ehutachiona. Patinofema mweya iwoyo, utachiona ihwohwo hunopinda mumiviri yedu.
- Kubata nzvimbo dzakasviba: Iyi ndiyo nzira huru yatinobata nayo utachiona tisingazive. Fungidzira, uri mubhazi wobata waya. Inogona kunge iine utachiona kubva mumaoko evanhu vakawanda vakambobata waya iyoyo kare. Wobva wadya chimwe chinhu neruoko irworwo, kana kubata mhino yako, muromo, kana maziso. Ndipo panogona kupinda utachiona mumuviri wako zviri nyore. Njodzi iyi inowanikwa kwese kwatinobata zuva nezuva, senge magonhi, mari yepepa, michina yeATM, nematafura.
- Chikafu nemvura zvisina kuchena: Utachiona hwakaita semabhakitiriya nemaprotozoa hunogona kupinda mumuviri zviri nyore kuburikidza nechikafu chisina kucheneswa uye chakabikwa zvisina kunaka uye nemvura isina kuchena. Ndosaka tichikurudzira kunwa mvura yakabikwa, kugeza maoko edu zvakanaka tisati tadya, uye kugeza michero nemiriwo zvakanaka.
- Kuburikidza nemhuka nezvipembenene: Kungofanana nedengue nemalaria zvinotapuriranwa neumhutu, dzimwe mhuka padzinoruma, mate adzo anogona kutapurira utachiona mumuviri wedu ipapo ipapo.
Utachiona hunogona kugara kwenguva yakareba sei munzvimbo dziri kunze?
Uyu mubvunzo unobvunzwa nevanhu vazhinji. Rudzi rumwe nerumwe rwembeu rune hupenyu hwakasiyana munharaunda yekunze, ndiko kuti, panzvimbo dzakasiyana. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinosarudza hupenyu hwembeu iyoyo:
- Rudzi rwehutachiona: Nguva yacho inosiyana zvichienderana nekuti ibhakitiriya, hutachiona, kana fungus.
- Rudzi rwepamusoro: Inogona kurarama kwenguva yakareba panzvimbo dzisina maburi dzakadai sesimbi nepurasitiki. Inogona kurarama kwenguva pfupi panzvimbo dzine maburi dzakadai sejira nepepa.
- Zvakatipoteredza: Tembiricha nehunyoro hwenzvimbo yacho zvinokanganisawo izvi.
Ngationei kuti mamwe majemusi anowanzoonekwa anogara kwenguva yakareba sei panzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana.
| Rudzi rwemushonga unouraya utachiona | Nguva yekumirira (ดีวน ประ มาร) |
|---|---|
| Utachiona hwechikosoro | Inogona kurarama panzvimbo dzakaoma kusvika vhiki. Zvisinei, mushure memaawa makumi maviri nemana ekutanga, kugona kwayo kuparadzira zvirwere kunodzikira zvikuru. Inogona kurarama iri mumaoko kweinenge awa. |
| Virusi refuruwenza (virusi refuruwenza) | Inogona kugara panzvimbo dzakaoma kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana kusvika makumi mana nemasere. |
| Coronavirus | Zvichienderana nerudzi rwenzvimbo yacho, inogona kugara kubva pamaawa mashoma kusvika kumazuva mashoma. |
| Utachiona (semuenzaniso E. coli, Salmonella) | Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nguva dzinofa mumaminitsi makumi maviri chete, dzimwe mhando dzinogona kurarama panzvimbo dzakaoma kwemaawa anosvika mana. |
| Clostridium difficile (C. diff) | Utachiona uhwu hune njodzi huru. Hunogona kurarama panzvimbo dzakaoma kusvika kumwedzi mishanu. |
Ndedzipi nzira dzekuparadza utachiona?
Tinoshandisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kuparadza vavengi ava vasingaoneki vakatipoteredza. Asi zvese zvinoshanda zvechokwadi here?
Kupukuta doro ne sanitizer yemaoko zvinogona kubatsira here?
Ehe. Asi pane chimwe chinhu chaunoda. Mushonga wekuchenesa maoko kana rubbing alcohol waunoshandisa unofanira kunge uine kanenge 70% isopropyl alcohol. Avo vane kanenge kashoma havazourayi utachiona zvakanaka. Kana uri kuchenesa nzvimbo, pfapfaidza kana kupukuta pairi kwemasekondi makumi matatu wozoipukuta.
Zvakadini nehydrogen peroxide?
Ehe, hydrogen peroxide mushonga wakanaka wekuuraya utachiona unogona kuuraya utachiona hwakawanda, kusanganisira mabhakitiriya nemavhairasi. Asi zvakanakirawo nzvimbo dzakaoma, dzisina maburi. Kuti uwane mhedzisiro yakanaka, ipfapfaidze pamusoro woisiya kweinenge miniti usati wapukuta.
Vhiniga inouraya utachiona here?
Iyi ipfungwa isiriyo yakajairika. Kwete. Sekureva kweCenters for Disease Control (CDC), vhiniga haishande pakurwisa mabhakitiriya nemavhairasi akawanda, kusanganisira vhairasi yefuruwenza nekoronavirus. Kunyange zvazvo vhiniga chena isina kusanganiswa inogona kuuraya mamwe mabhakitiriya, haisi mushonga wekuuraya utachiona wakanakisa. Saka usavimba nevhiniga kuti ichenese imba yako.
Kupisa kunoparadza utachiona here?
Ehe, zvechokwadi. Sekureva kweWorld Health Organization, tembiricha ye60 degrees Celsius (140 degrees Fahrenheit) kana kupfuura inogona kuuraya mavhairasi mazhinji. Ndosaka tichifashaidza mvura tisati tainwa. Uyewo, kusuka ndiro mumvura inopisa (semuenzaniso, muchina wekugezesa ndiro) kunogona kuuraya utachiona.
Chii chatingaita kudzivirira kupararira kwehutachiona?
Pari zvino wava kunzwisisa zvakanaka nezvehutachiona. Ngatitarisei zvinhu zviri nyore zvatingaita kuti tidzivise kupararira kwehutachiona uye tichengetedze isu nevadikanwi vedu.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha uye chikuru ndechekugeza maoko ako nemazvo. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa, yakachipa, uye iri nyore yekuzvidzivirira kubva kuhutachiona.
Heino nzira yekugeza maoko ako nemazvo:
1. Kutanga, nyorovesa maoko ako nemvura yakachena.
2. Tora sipo yakakwana woikwesha zvakanaka pamaoko ako.
3. Kwiza maoko ako, kumashure kwemaoko ako, pakati peminwe yako, uye pasi penzara dzako kwemasekonzi makumi maviri , uchigadzira furo rakanaka. (Kana uchikwanisa kukwiza maoko ako kusvika wagona kuimba rwiyo rwekuti "Happy Birthday" kaviri, inguva yakakwana.)
4. Wobva wageza nemvura zvakanaka kusvika sipo yese yapera.
5. Omesa maoko ako nejira rakachena kana tissue.
- Chengeta mushonga wekuchenesa maoko pedyo: Kana sipo nemvura zvisipo, shandisa mushonga wekuchenesa maoko une doro rinosvika 70%. Kunyange zvazvo iyi iri imwe nzira yakanaka, haishande sekugeza maoko nesipo.
- Vhara muromo wako nemhino yako paunenge uchikosora kana kuhotsira: Vhara muromo wako nemhino netishu. Kana usina tishu, shandisa gokora rako panzvimbo peruoko rwako.
- Gara kumba kana uchirwara: Kana uine chirwere chinotapukira chakadai sefivha kana dzihwa, gara kumba wozorora kudzivirira kuchiparadzira kune vamwe.
- Gara kure nevanhu vanorwara: Gara kure nemunhu ane chirwere chinotapukira.
- Funga nezvekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu: Geza maoko ako usati wagadzira uye wadya chikafu. Bvisa mabhodhi ekucheka nemapanga enyama nehove mbishi kubva kune anoshandiswa kucheka miriwo. Bika chikafu zvakanaka.
- Chenesa nzvimbo dzinobatwa kazhinji: Chenesa nzvimbo dzinobatwa kazhinji dzakadai semagumbeze esuo, maswichi emwenje, mafoni, uye maremote controls uchishandisa mushonga wekuuraya utachiona nguva nenguva.
Utachiona huri chikamu chehupenyu hwedu. Huri kwese kwese. Kunyange zvazvo humwe utachiona huchitibatsira, humwe hunotirwarisa. Asi kana ukaisa tsika idzi dziri nyore muhupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva, unogona kuwana dziviriro yakawanda kubva kuhutachiona uhwu hwakaipa.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Haasi mabhakitiriya ese akaipa. Kunewo mabhakitiriya akanaka anobatsira miviri yedu uye akakosha pahutano hwedu.
- Nzira yakanakisisa, iri nyore, uye inoshanda zvikuru yekuzvidzivirira kubva kuhutachiona ndeyekugeza maoko ako zvakakwana nesipo nemvura inoyerera kwemasekondi makumi maviri.
- Zvinhu zvemumba zvakaita sevhiniga hazvigone kuuraya utachiona hwakawanda hune njodzi, saka sarudza mushonga wekuuraya utachiona wakakodzera kuti uchenese pamusoro.
- Kana ukabatwa nechirwere chinotapuriranwa, ibasa rako, pamwe chete nerevanhu, kugara kumba wozorora kudzivirira kuchiparadzira kune vamwe.
- Kana uchifungidzira kuti une hutachiona kana kuti zviratidzo zvako zvikawedzera, enda kuna chiremba wako nekukasika pane kuedza kuzvirapa.
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