Mutumwa mukuru weuropi: Zvaunofanira kuziva nezve Glutamate!

Wakambozvibvunza here kuti ruzivo runotamiswa sei muuropi hwako? Patinodzidza chimwe chinhu chitsva, patinoyeuka chimwe chinhu chekare, pane chinhu chidiki asi chakakosha zvikuru chinotibatsira kuita zvese izvi kubva kumashure. Izvozvo zvinonzi Glutamate . Kutaura zvazviri, pasina izvozvo, uropi hwedu hwaizova nyonganyonga. Saka nhasi tichataura nezve Glutamate iyi, mabasa ayo mumuviri wedu, kunyanya muuropi, kuti nei isingakoshi, asiwo kuti ndeapi matambudziko anogona kumuka dzimwe nguva kana huwandu hwayo hukawedzera kana kuderera. Zviri nyore, tichataura nezveizvi zvese nenzira yaunogona kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi Glutamate?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Glutamate ineurotransmitter . Funga nezve neurotransmitters sevatumwa vadiki vanotumira mameseji pakati pemasero etsinga (neurons) muuropi hwedu. Idzi ndidzo dzinotumira ruzivo nezviratidzo kubva kumasero etsinga imwe kuenda kune imwe.

Muuropi hwedu, glutamate ndiyo neurotransmitter huru inosimudzira kushushikana . "Kushungurudzika" zvinoreva kuti inomutsa tsinga dzeropa, zvichireva kuti "inodzimutsa." Ipapo mukana wekuti meseji iyoyo iende kune imwe tsinga dzeropa unowedzera. Zvakafanana nekumutsa mumwe munhu nekugogodza pamusuwo wake. Saka, glutamate inokosha kuti uropi hushande zvakanaka.

Zvino ungave uchishamisika kuti glutamate iyi inogadzirwa sei uye kupi. Glutamate inodzokororwazve uye inogadzirwa itsva muuropi hwedu nerudzi rwakakosha rwesero rinonzi glial cells . Glial cells imhando yesero rinotsigira rinobatsira, rinopa chikafu, uye rinodzivirira masero etsinga muuropi. Aya masero eglial anotora glutamate yakashandiswa oishandura kuita imwe compound inonzi glutamine . Zvadaro, kana glutamine iyi yasvika panzvimbo yekupedzisira yemasero etsinga zvakare, inoshanduka kuita glutamate. Hazvisi zvinhu zvinoshamisa here?

Kwete izvozvo chete, asi glutamate inokoshawo pakugadzirwa kweimwe neurotransmitter inokosha, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) . GABA inozivikanwa se neurotransmitter "inodzikamisa". GABA inobatsira nezvinhu zvakaita sekurara, kuzorora, kudzora kuzvidya mwoyo, uye kushanda kwetsandanyama. Saka, nepo glutamate ichikurudzira kune rumwe rutivi, inobatsirawo pakugadzirwa kwechinhu chinodzikamisa kune rumwe rutivi.

Glutamate haisi neurotransmitter chete. Iamino acid zvakare. MaAmino acid ndiwo maburi ekutanga emapuroteni. Kufanana nemaburi ekuvaka. Glutamate ndiyo amino acid yakawanda mumuviri wedu. Mumuviri, Glutamate inogadzirwa uye inochengetwa mutsandanyama.

Uyewo, pamwe wakambonzwa nezve glutamate zvakanyanya nekuda kwechikafu chinowedzerwa monosodium glutamate (MSG) . Glutamate inowanikwawo mune MSG inonatsa chikafu.

Saka glutamate iyi inoshanda sei? Zvinoshamisa!

Ma neurotransmitter akaita se glutamate anogadzirwa nemasero etsinga pachawo. Anochengetwa mumasagi madiki anonzi synaptic vesicles pa axon terminal yemasero etsinga. Funga nezveaya semabubble madiki. Bhabhu rimwe chete rinogona kuva nezviuru zvema neurotransmitter molecules aya!

Zvino, kana meseji kana chiratidzo chichifamba nesero retsinga, hunhu hwemagetsi hwechiratidzo ichocho hunoita kuti madiki diki akazadzwa neglutamate avhurike uye abudise glutamate mugomba diki rakazara nemvura rinonzi synapse pakati pemasero maviri etsinga. Zvakafanana nebhiriji. Kune rimwe divi regomba iri kune sero retsinga rinotevera. Zvino glutamate iyi inofanira kuenda yosunga kune mareceptor akakosha ari pane rimwe sero retsinga rinogamuchira meseji. Zvakaita sekiyi inoiswa mukiyi. Kana yangobatanidzwa, glutamate inokonzera shanduko kana chiito musero retsinga rinotevera. Ndipo apo meseji inoramba ichifamba kubva kusero retsinga kuenda kusero retsinga.

Kusiyana nemamwe ma neurotransmitters mazhinji, glutamate inogona kubatana nema receptors mana akasiyana ! Funga nezvazvo sekuvhura makiyi mana nekiyi imwe chete. Kugona uku kunobvumira glutamate kuti ive nemhedzisiro yakasiyana-siyana muuropi hwese uye kutaurirana nemamwe masero etsinga. Glutamate ndiyo inokonzera zvinopfuura 90% yemabasa ekukurudzira muuropi hwemunhu. Ungafungidzira here kuti izvozvo zvakakosha sei?

Mukati mehuropi hwedu, masero etsinga anoungana kuti aumbe matunhu madiki. Madunhu madiki aya anobatsira pamabasa madiki akadai sekurangarira ndangariro. Uye, mambure makuru, akakura anobatsira pamabasa makuru, akaomarara sekuona, kunzwa, uye kufamba. Glutamate ndiyo neurotransmitter huru inotakura mameseji emakemikari kuburikidza nematunhu aya nemambure. Maitiro anoita glutamate pa synapse pakati pemasero etsinga anosimbisa kana kushayisa simba chiratidzo chekutaurirana pakati pemasero aya. Zvinokanganisa zvakananga mashandiro anoita basa rakakodzera. Kana glutamate ikasaburitswa panguva yakakodzera, munzvimbo dzakakodzera, uye nehuwandu hwakakodzera, kutaurirana kunokanganiswa. Saizvozvowo, kana glutamate ikanyanya kukwira, inogona kukuvadza masero etsinga uye kukuvadza network yekutaurirana pachayo.

Chii chinoitwa neglutamate mumuviri wedu?

Heano mamwe emabasa akakosha anoita glutamate mumuviri wedu:

• Kudzidza nekurangarira:Sezvatakambotaura, nekuti inogona kushanda nema receptors mana akasiyana, glutamate ine mukana wakakura wekutumira mameseji zvinobudirira uye nekukurumidza pakati pemasero etsinga. Kuchinjana uku nekukurumidza kwemasaini uye kugadzirisa ruzivo kwakakosha zvikuru pakudzidza nekurangarira. Kwete izvozvo chete, asi glutamate inobvumirawo masero etsinga kubatanidza ruzivo rwakabatana. Iyi ndiyo hwaro hwekurangarira. Funga nezvazvo, paunodzidza chimwe chinhu chitsva, nzira itsva dzinoumbwa muuropi.
• Simba remasero europi: Kana glucose, iyo inonyanya kukosha mumuviri wedu, iri shoma, glutamate inogona kupa simba kumasero europi. Zvakafanana nemagetsi ekuchengetedza.
• Mutumwa wemakemikari: Iri ndiro basa rayo guru. Glutamate inobatsira kutumira mameseji emakemikari pakati pemasero etsinga.
• Kudzora kurara nekumuka: Zvichienderana nezvidzidzo zvemhuka, huwandu hwe glutamate hwakakwira kana takamuka uye panguva yekurara kwe ``Rapid Eye Movement'' (REM). Kurara kwakanaka kwakakosha kuti munhu ave nehupenyu hwakanaka.
• Chiratidzo chekurwadziwa: Pane hukama huripo pakati pekuwedzera kwe glutamate uye kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekurwadziwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana tikakuvara, zvinobatsirawo kuzivisa kurwadziwa ikoko kuuropi.

Glutamate inowedzera sei muuropi hwedu?

Dzimwe nguva, huwandu hwe glutamate muuropi hwedu hunogona kukwira zvakanyanya. Panogona kuva nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zveizvi:

• Kuburitswa kwakanyanya kwe glutamate kubva mumasero etsinga.
• Glutamate inoburitswa zvakananga kubva mumasero eglial muuropi, zvichiwedzera huwandu hwese hweglutamate muuropi.
• Glutamate yakawandisa inoramba iri mumukana mudiki uri pakati pemasero etsinga (synapse). Zvadaro, ma glutamate receptors mazhinji anoramba achishanda, uye masero etsinga anogona kuramba achikurudzirwa.
• Ma receptors ari mumasero etsinga anonyanya kunzwa glutamate. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyange huwandu hushoma hwemamorekuru eglutamate hunogadzirwa kuti awedzere simba.

Chii chinoitika kana glutamate ikawedzera? Izvi zvine njodzi!

Kana huwandu hwe glutamate muuropi hukawedzera zvakanyanya, masero etsinga anogona kukurudzirwa zvakanyanya. Kukurudzirwa uku kunogona kukuvadza kana kutouraya masero europi . Muchiitiko ichi, glutamate inonzi excitotoxin . Kureva kuti, inoshanda sechinomutsa uye chepfu panguva imwe chete.

Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwe glutamate muuropi kwakabatana nezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinosanganisira:

• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - chirwere chaLou Gehrig):Muchiitiko ichi, tsandanyama dzinopera simba zvishoma nezvishoma.
• Multiple Sclerosis: Chirwere chinokanganisa tsinga dzemuviri.
• Chirwere cheAlzheimer: Ungave wakambonzwa nezvacho, chirwere chinowanzo konzera kurasikirwa nendangariro.
• Chirwere cheParkinson: Chinokanganisa kufamba kwemuviri, zviratidzo zvakaita sekubvunda kwemakumbo zvinogona kuonekwa.
• Chirwere cheHuntington: Chirwere chinogara nhaka chinoparadza masero europi.
• Kurohwa: Chirwere chinokonzerwa nekukanganiswa kweropa rinoenda kuuropi.
• Fibromyalgia: Inokonzera kurwadziwa uye kuneta mumuviri wese.
• Chirwere chekuneta kwenguva refu: Kuneta kwakanyanya kwenguva refu.

Kunewo matambudziko epfungwa anofungidzirwa kuti anokonzerwa nematambudziko ekugadzirwa kana kushandiswa kwe glutamate:

• Matambudziko epfungwa nekuzvidya mwoyo .
• Autism . (Zvirwere zvepfungwa).
• Kuora mwoyo .
• Dambudziko reObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) chirwere chinoratidzwa nepfungwa nezviito zvisingadiwi .
Schizophrenia ipfungwa .

Zvakakosha: Kunyange zvazvo kusawirirana kwe glutamate kungave chimwe chezvikonzero zvezvirwere izvi, izvi zvirwere zvakaoma zvinogona kuva nezvimwe zvikonzero zvakawanda. Chiremba chete ndiye anogona kuongorora chirwere nemazvo.

Saka chii chinoitika kana glutamate ikadzikira?

Pamusoro pekuwedzera kwe glutamate, kudzikira kwehuwandu hwe glutamate muuropi idambudzikowo. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti izvi zvinogona kukonzera zvinotevera:

• Dambudziko rekuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe : Kuomerwa nekuisa pfungwa pabasa kana pakudzidza.
• Kuneta kwepfungwa : Uropi hunonzwa kuneta zvakanyanya.
• Kushaya hope : Kuomerwa nekurara husiku.
• Simba shoma : Kunzwa sekuti hapana chiripo.

Pakupedzisira, zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Saka, pamwe wava kunzwisisa kukosha uye kukosha kwe glutamate ye neurotransmitter kuuropi hwedu nehurongwa hwetsinga. Glutamate inoita basa guru mukushanda zvakanaka kweuropi hwedu, kunyanya mukuumba zvinhu zvakaita sekudzidza nekurangarira.

Asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti glutamate inofanira kunge iripo panguva yakakodzera, munzvimbo dzakakodzera, uye munzvimbo dzakakodzera.Kana glutamate iri muuropi, panzvimbo isiriyo, kana kuti yakawandisa, kwenguva yakareba, inogona kukuvadza kana kutouraya masero europi. Zvimwe zvezvirwere zvinokanganisa mashandiro etsinga zvatakurukura, zvakaita seParkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, uye Huntington's disease, zvine chekuita nekukurumidzisa uku kwemasero etsinga. Matambudziko ekugadzirwa kana kushandiswa kweglutamate anogonawo kusanganiswa nematambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa, akadai seautism, depression, uye schizophrenia.

Saka, zvakakosha zvikuru kuziva nezvemutumwa uyu wemakemikari anoshamisa ari mumuviri wedu. Kana uine matambudziko kana kusava nechokwadi nezveizvi, zvakanaka kutsvaga mazano echiremba. Nekuti kuchengetedza zvese izvi zvakaenzana ndicho chinhu chakakosha pakurarama hupenyu hwakanaka.

` Glutamate, Uropi, Neurotransmitter, Memory, Kudzidza, MSG, Hutano hwepfungwa, Chirwere chetsinga