Vharuvhu yemoyo wako iri kudonha zvishoma here? Ngatidzidzei nezveMitral Valve Regurgitation!

Dzimwe nguva unongoerekana waona zvichikuomera kufema here? Kana kuti unonzwa chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa, chinorema muchipfuva chako? Dzimwe nguva unonzwa kuneta here kunyangwe mushure mekuita mabasa madiki? Chimwe chikonzero chezvinhu zvakadaro chingave dambudziko negonhi diki mumoyo mako, kureva vharuvhu. Nhasi tichataura nezveMitral Valve Regurgitation, inova mamiriro akadaro. Usazvidya moyo, ngatinzwisise izvi zviri nyore.

Chii chinonzi mitral valve iri mumoyo? Chii chinoitika kana isingashande zvakanaka?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, vharuvhu yemitral igonhi riri pakati pekamuri repamusoro (atrium yekuruboshwe) nekamuri repasi (ventricle yekuruboshwe) kuruboshwe rwemoyo wako. Funga nezvazvo segonhi riri mumba mako. Gonhi iri rinofanira kuvhurwa nekuvharwa zvakanaka, richibvumira ropa kuti riyerere kubva muimba yepamusoro kuenda kuimba yepasi. Zvadaro, gonhi iri rinofanira kuvharwa zvakanaka kuti ropa ritumire kubva muimba yepasi kuenda kune imwe nhengo yemuviri wako. Zvikasadaro, ropa richatanga kudonhedza mvura zvakare muimba yepamusoro.

Asi dzimwe nguva gonhi iri harivharike zvakanaka. Kungofanana nemagonhi ari mudzimba dzedu dzimwe nguva asingakiyike zvakanaka, zvichisiya nzvimbo diki. Izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa nedambudziko regonhi pacharo, kureva kuti, jira revharuvhu. Kana kuti zvinogona kukonzerwa nedambudziko remadziro akakomberedza gonhi, kureva makamuri ekuruboshwe emoyo. Zvisinei, kana gonhi iri rikasavharwa zvakanaka, rimwe ropa rinobuda richidzokera kumashure, kureva kuti, mukamuri repamusoro. Izvi ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti mitral valve regurgitation kana kuti ``Mitral Regurgitation - MR''.

Funga nezvazvo sepombi yemvura. Kana pombi isina kuvharwa zvakanaka, mvura inobuda, handiti? Ndizvo zvazviri neiyi.

Kana kubuda kweropa uku kuri kudiki, zvichireva kuti nzvimbo iri pamusuwo iri diki kwazvo, zvingasava dambudziko guru. Mwoyo wako unogona kuzvigadzirisa, saka ungasanzwa mutsauko. Zvisinei, kana kubuda kweropa uku kuri kukuru, zvichireva kuti musuwo wakavhurika, moyo wako unonzwa kushushikana kukuru. Nekuti moyo unofanirwa kushanda nesimba kupfuura zvawagara uchiita kuti ropa ripfuure. Nekufamba kwenguva, moyo hauchakwanisi kuzvigadzirisa, uye unogona kusangana nezviratidzo nezvimwe zvinetso.

Mamiriro aya anonziwo:

• Kusakwana kwevharuvhu yeMitral (`(Kusakwana kwevharuvhu yeMitral)`)
• Kusagona kushanda zvakanaka kwevharuvhu yeMitral
• Vharuvhu yemitral inobuda (`(Vharuvhu yemitral inobuda)`)

Kutaura zvazviri, mitral valve prolapse ndiyo inonyanya kupararira chirwere chemwoyo munyika dzakadai seUnited States. Chinonyanya kuitika kuvanhu vakuru, kunyanya avo vane makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu nemashanu.

Pane mhando dze mitral valve leaks here?

Ehe, kune mhando mbiri chete:

1. Kudzoreredza mitral kwekutanga (`(Kudzoreredza mitral kwekutanga)`): Muchiitiko ichi, dambudziko riri pavharuvhu pachayo. Inokonzerwa nekukuvadzwa kwechimiro chevharuvhu chimwe chete kana kupfuura izvo zvinoita kuti isavhare zvakanaka. Semuenzaniso, mapepa emavharuvhu anogona kuchinjika zvakanyanya uye kusavhara zvakanaka, kana kuti anogona kukora uye kusavhara zvakanaka.

2. Kudzokororwa kwe mitral secondary : Izvi zvinokonzerwa nechimwe chirwere chemwoyo chinokanganisa makamuri emwoyo (left atrium kana ventricle) anotsigira vharuvhu. Semuenzaniso, chirwere chetsandanyama dzemwoyo (cardiomyopathy) chinogona kukonzera kuti mwoyo uwedzere kukura uye ushaye simba. Kuchinja uku kunogona kukonzera kuti vharuvhu ifambe-fambe uye isavhare zvakanaka.

Hazvina mhosva kuti imhando ipi yekubuda kwemvura, inogona kuva yakanyanya kamwe kamwe (`(Acute)`), kana kuti inogona kukura zvishoma nezvishoma nekufamba kwenguva (`(Chronic)`).

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika kana paine kubuda kwemvura mu mitral valve?

Kana kubuda kwemvura kuri kudiki, ungasava nezviratidzo. Asi kana kubuda kwemvura kwava kukuru uye kwotanga kukanganisa mashandiro emwoyo, chiratidzo chinowanzoonekwa ndechekushaya mweya wakakwana mumapapu ako, kana kuti ungasanzwa kufema zvakanaka paunenge wakangomira, wakarara pasi, uchiedza kurara, kana kutoita mabasa akareruka.

Panogonawo kuva nezvimwe zviratidzo:

• Kurwadziwa kwechipfuva kusingawanzoitiki.
• Kukosora.
• Kuzvimba kwemakumbo kana tsoka (`(Edema)`).
• Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya (`(Kuneta)`).
• Zvinonzwa sekunge uri kufenda, asi hazviitiki chaizvo (`(Presyncope)`).
• Kunzwa sekuti kurova kwemoyo wako kuri kuchinja, sekunge chipfuva chako chiri kurova (`(Kurova kwemoyo)`).

Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kutanga zvishoma nezvishoma kana kutanga kamwe kamwe.

Izvi zvinonetsa! Kana ukaona zviratidzo izvi, enda kuchipatara nekukasika!

Kana moyo wako uchishanda zvakanyanya, unogona kutanga zviratidzo zvekukundikana kwemoyo zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kamwe kamwe, saka chenjerera zviratidzo izvi:

• Kufema zvine ruzha.
• Kunzwa sekunge uri kudzipwa.
• Kutadza kufema kana wakarara pasi.
• Kunzwa kubatwa muchipfuva.
• Kana pulse oximeter iri kumba ichiratidza kuti oxygen iri muropa yakaderera.

Kukundikana kwemoyo zvakanyanya idambudziko rehutano umo mwoyo unomira kushanda kamwe kamwe uye zvinogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi. Saka, zvakakosha kutsvaga kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Sei vharuvhu iyi ye mitral isingavharike zvakanaka? Ndezvipi zvikonzero?

Sezvatakambokurukura, dambudziko iri rinoitika kana vharuvhu yemitral isingavharike zvakanaka. Vharuvhu iyi ine mabhanzi maviri (mapepa). Anovhurika nekuvharika kuti ropa riyerere kubva mukamuri repamusoro kuenda mukamuri repasi.

Kana mapepa aya kana zvimwe zvikamu zvevharuvhu zvikakuvara, kana zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvikaita kuti vharuvhu isavhare zvakanaka, ropa diki rinobuda richidzokera kumashure pese pavharuvhu painovharwa.

Zvikonzero zveizvi zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rweMR yaunayo (yekutanga kana yechipiri).

Kudzokororwa kwevalvu ye mitral yekutanga kunogona kukonzerwa ne:

• Kupera kwevharuvhu yeMitral (MVP) : Ichi ndicho chikonzero chinowanzoitika munyika dzakabudirira.
• Chirwere chemwoyo chinonzi rheumatic : Ichi ndicho chinokonzera chirwere ichi pasi rose.
• Zvirwere zve connective tishu (`(Zvirwere zve connective tishu)`).
• Chirema chemwoyo chakaberekwa nacho chinonzi ``(Cleft mitral valve)``.
• Kutapukira kwemukati memwoyo (endocarditis).
• Chirwere chemwoyo chinokonzerwa nemwaranzi (`(Chirwere chemwoyo chemwaranzi)`).
• Kukuvara netsaona.

Kudzokororwa kwe secondary mitral valve kunogona kukonzerwa ne:

• Ischemic cardiomyopathy (iyi ndiyo inonyanya kuitika) inokonzerwa nekuvharika kwetsinga dzeropa dzinopa moyo.
• Kurova kwemoyo zvisina kurongeka, kurova kwemoyo kusina kurongeka.
• Dilated cardiomyopathy (chirwere chetsandanyama yemwoyo chinoita kuti mwoyo ukure pasina chikonzero chinozivikanwa)
• Chirwere chinokonzerwa nekukora kwetsandanyama dzemwoyo (`(Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy)`).

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kuitika kana chirwere ichi chikanyanya kuipa?

Kana ikasarapwa, mitral valve prolapse inogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi. Heano mamwe ematambudziko anogona kuitika:

• Mwoyo wako unotanga kurova zvisina kurongeka (`(Atrial fibrillation)`), izvo zvinogona dzimwe nguva kukonzera sitiroko.
• Mwoyo wako haugone kupomba ropa rakakwana kuenda kumuviri (`(Kukundikana kwemoyo)`).
• Kumanikidzwa mutsinga dzinotakura ropa kubva pamoyo kuenda kumapapu kunowedzera (`(Pulmonary hypertension)`).
• Mwoyo unogona kumira kamwe kamwe kurova (`(Kumira kwemwoyo kamwe kamwe)`).

Chiremba anonyatsoongorora sei chirwere ichi?

Chinhu chekutanga chinoitwa nachiremba ndechekukuongorora zvakakwana. Ikoko:

• Vanobvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako nezvimwe zvirwere zvaunazvo.
• Vachaongorora zviratidzo zvako zvehupenyu, zvakaita seBP yako uye kurova kwemoyo.
• Vanoongorora muviri kuti hauna kuzvimba here (edema).
• Stethoscope inoteerera mwoyo wako nemapapu. Kana ukanzwa ruzha rwemwoyo rusina kujairika ("kugunun'una kwemoyo"), zvinogona kunge zviri chiratidzo chechirwere chevharuvhu.

Zvadaro chiremba acharaira bvunzo dzinoverengeka kuti awane rumwe ruzivo.

Ndezvipi zviedzo zvinoitwa kuti chirwere ichi chionekwe?

Vanachiremba vanowanzoita bvunzo inonzi transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) kuti vaone kana paine kubuda kweropa mu mitral valve yako. Iyi i scan isingarwadzi, isingapindi mumuviri. Inogona kutarisa kana paine kubuda kweropa mu valvu yako uye kana paine mamwe matambudziko ane chekuita nechimiro kana mashandiro emwoyo wako. Kana chiremba wako achida kunyatsoongorora valvu yako, vanogonawo kuita bvunzo inonzi transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE).

Chiremba wako anogona kuraira mimwe miedzo kuti aone kuoma kwechirwere chako uye kuronga kurapwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Kuongororwa kwemoyo (`(CT scan)` (`(Cardiac CT scan - computed tomography scan)`).
• Kuongororwa kwe `(Echocardiogram)` kunoitwa panguva yekurovedza muviri (`(Kurovedza muviri ne echocardiogram yekumanikidzwa)`).
• Kuongororwa kweMRI yemoyo (magnetic resonance imaging).
• Kuongororwa kwemoyo ne catheterization, inozivikanwawo se cardiac cath kana coronary angiogram.

Ndezvipi zvirongwa zvekurapa kubuda kwe mitral valve?

Hakuna chinhu chinonzi "kurapwa kwemhando imwe chete". Vanachiremba vachagadzirisa marapirwo ako kuti aenderane nezvaunoda. Vachafunga nezvezvinotevera:

• Rudzi rwe mitral regurgitation yaunayo (yekutanga kana yechipiri).
• Kuoma kwechirwere chako. Chinogona kutsanangurwa sedanho A, B, C, D. D ndiro danho rakanyanya kuoma.
• Njodzi yematambudziko anobva pakuvhiyiwa.

Chiremba wako achakutsanangurira nzira dzekurapa dzaungasarudza, kusanganisira zvakanakira nezvakaipira. Iva nechokwadi chekubvunza mibvunzo kana paine chausinganzwisisi. Nenzira iyi, unogona kuita sarudzo yakavakirwa paruzivo.

Kudzokera kweMitral ndicho chikonzero chechipiri chinowanzo shandiswa pakuvhiyiwa kwevharuvhu yemwoyo munyika dzekuMadokero (chekutanga i aortic valve stenosis).

Kune nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekurapa:

Kugadziriswa kwevharuvhu yeMitral (`(Kugadziriswa kwevharuvhu yeMitral)`)

Sarudzo dzeizvi:

• Kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo wakavhurika.
• Kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo uchishandisa machekwa madiki (`(Kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo kusingapindi zvakanyanya)`).
• Kugadzirisa mitral transcatheter kubva pamucheto kuenda pamucheto (TEER): Mukuita uku, chiremba anoshandisa chubhu refu, yakatetepa (catheter) kubatanidza kachivharo kadiki pamapepa ako evharuvhu. Kachivharo aka kanobatsira kuti mapepa acho avhare zvakanaka.

Kutsiva vharuvhu yeMitral (`(Kutsiva vharuvhu yeMitral)`)

Sarudzo dzeizvi:

• Uchapihwa operation yemoyo yakavhurika (`(Open-heart surgery)`) uye mitral valve itsva ichaiswa. Vharuvhu iyi inogona kunge yakagadzirwa nesimbi (`(mechanical)`) kana yakagadzirwa nenyama yemhuka (`(bioprosthetic)`).
• Kutsiva mavharuvhu emuchina weTranscatheter mitral (TMVR) inzira isinganyanyi kukuvadza muviri.

Kurapa kwekutadza kwemoyo

Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Mishonga yakaita se diuretics .
• Kuisirwa kwemudziyo wekubatsira ventricular yeruboshwe (LVAD).
• Kutarisirwa kwevarwere vane marwadzo emusana.

Kurapa kweatrial fibrillation

Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Mishonga.
• Maitiro.
• Kuvhiyiwa.

Utano hwangu huchava hwakaita sei kana ndikabatwa nechirwere ichi?

Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa hutano hwako. Semuenzaniso:

• zera rako.
• Une zviratidzo here uye kuti zvakakomba sei?
• Kuoma kwekubuda kwemvura.
• Vharuvhu yako inogona kugadziriswa here?
• Kukura kwekukuvara kwemoyo wako.

Nekuti zvese izvi zvinokanganisa mamiriro ako ezvinhu, mamiriro ako ezvinhu anogona kusiyana neevamwe. Chiremba wako ndiye munhu akakodzera kuziva kuti mamiriro ako ezvinhu achafamba sei. Anokuziva iwe, nhoroondo yako yehutano, uye nzira dzekurapa dzinogona kukubatsira.

Kubuda kwevharuvhu iyi yemitral kunokurumidza sei kuwedzera?

Kune vamwe vanhu, izvi zvinofambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma. Kune vamwe, zvinogona kukurumidza kukura. Chiremba wako achakuudza kuti mamiriro ako akaita sei, kuti unofanira kuona chiremba kangani kuti aongororwe, uye kuti chirwere ichi chingakanganisa sei hupenyu hwako.

Pane nzira dzekudzivirira chirwere ichi here?

Ungasakwanisa kudzivirira izvi nguva dzose. Zvisinei, unogona kushanda nachiremba wako kuderedza njodzi yako yekubatwa nezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvemwoyo. Chiremba wako achaongorora nhoroondo yako yezvekurapa nezvinhu zvinokupinza munjodzi uye achakupa mazano akakunakira. Kazhinji, unogona kuita zvinotevera:

• Rega zvachose kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvefodya (senge fodya, beedis).
• Rovedza muviri nguva dzose.
• Idya chikafu chine hutano mumoyo.
• Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka kwauri.
• Enda kuna chiremba kanenge kamwe chete pagore kuti unoongororwa uye kurumidza kuona kana paine matambudziko.
• Kana uchigara uchirwadziwa pahuro pamwe chete nefivha, kana kuti wakambova nefivha yerheumatic munguva yakapfuura, enda kuna chiremba.

Ndinozvitarisira sei?

Zvakanaka nguva dzose kudzora BP yako uye kudya michero nemiriwo yakawanda .

Kupinda muchirongwa chekurapa mwoyo (`(Cardiac rehab)`) mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwevharuvhu yemwoyo kunogona kukubatsira kutanga kurovedza muviri zvakare.

Kana uine vharuvhu itsva yekugadzirwa, uchafanira kutora mishonga mushure mezvo. Uchafanira kutora mishonga inorwisa ropa (inodzikisa ropa) kwehupenyu hwako hwese kudzivirira kuumbwa kweropa. Uchafanirawo kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kudzivirira endocarditis (utachiona hwemukati memwoyo) usati wavhiyiwa mazino uye mimwe miedzo yekufema yepamusoro.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba riini? Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza?

Chiremba wako achakuudza kuti unofanira kuona chiremba wako kangani kuti aongororwe. Kana chirwere chako chakanyanya kuoma, unofanira kuona chiremba wako kakawanda uye kuongororwa mifananidzo (sekuskena). Zvakakosha kuchengeta nguva yako yese yekusangana.Chiremba anogona kuzotarisa mamiriro ako ezvinhu uye okurudzira kurapwa panguva yakakodzera.

Heano mimwe mibvunzo yaunogona kubvunza chiremba wako kuti azive zvakawanda nezvechirwere chako:

• Kubuda kwevharuvhu yangu yemitral kwakaoma sei?
• Ndedzipi nzira dzekurapa dzamunokurudzira kwandiri?
• Ndezvipi zvakanakira uye zvakaipa zvekurapa uku?
• Ndezvipi zvinhu zvandinofanira kuchinja pamararamiro angu?
• Ndinofanira kuona chiremba kangani kana kuongororwa mifananidzo?
• Utano hwangu hweramangwana huchava hwakaita sei?

Chimwe chinhu chekufunga nezvacho

Zvakajairika kunzwa wakaremerwa kana ukanzwa kuti une chirwere chemwoyo. Asi sezvaunodzidza zvakawanda nezvechirwere chako uye uchirapwa, uchakwanisa kufambira mberi zvakare munguva pfupi.

Kupera kwevharuvhu yeMitral kunokanganisa munhu wese zvakasiyana, saka chiremba wako achagadzirisa marapirwo ako kuti aenderane nezvaunoda. Usazeza kuudza chiremba wako mibvunzo yako nezvinokunetsa. Iye achakubatsira kunzwisisa zvakawanda nezvekushanda kwemoyo wako. Iye achakurudzirawo marapirwo nekuchinja mararamiro ako izvo zvichakubatsira kuti urambe uine hutano hwakanaka uye urarame hupenyu hwakanaka.

` Mitral valve, chirwere chevharuvhu yemwoyo, kupererwa nemhepo, kurwara nemoyo, kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo, echocardiogram, mitral valve regurgitation