Mwana wako ari kusimukira here? Haasi kuteerera here? Ngatitaurei nezve ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)!

Paunenge uchishanda nemwana wako, dzimwe nguva unombozvibvunza here kuti, 'Sei aine misikanzwa kudaro? Sei asingagari panzvimbo imwe chete? Sei usinganditeereri?' Zvakajairika kufunga saizvozvo. Asi kana zvinhu izvi zvikaitika nguva dzese, uye kana zvikakanganisa basa rechikoro remwana wako, basa rechikoro, kana hukama neshamwari, chinogona kunge chiri chirwere chinonzi ADHD. Ngatitaurei nezvazvo nenzira iri nyore uye inonzwisisika.

Chii chinonzi ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)?

Muchidimbu, ADHD ipfupiso yeAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder . Ichi chirwere. Kutaura chokwadi, mwana ane ADHD ane musiyano muuropi hwake mukukura kwake uye mashandiro europi. Kusiyana uku kunoita kuti zvimuomere kuteerera, kugara panzvimbo imwe chete, uye kuzvidzora. Chirwere ichi chinogona kumukonzera matambudziko nebasa rechikoro, kumba, uye kunyangwe pakutaurirana neshamwari. Fungidzira kuti zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko akadini kana akasagona kuteerera mukirasi, kusateerera zviri kutaurwa kumba, kana kurwa neshamwari dzake kana akasagona kumirira nguva yavo yekutamba.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvemwana ane ADHD?

Kutaura zvazviri, mwana wese dzimwe nguva anorasikirwa nepfungwa, haateereri zvinotaurwa, anotamburira kugara panzvimbo imwe chete, anotamburira kumirira nguva yake. Izvi zvinhu zvakajairika. Pamwe izvi zvakamboitika kwauri pawaiva mwana, handiti? Asi kumwana ane ADHD, matambudziko aya akanyanya kuoma, uye anowanzoitika.

Vana nevechiri kuyaruka vane ADHD vanogona kuratidza zviratidzo zvikuru zvitatu:

1. Kusateerera - kutsauswa nyore nyore

Zvakaoma zvikuru kuti vana ava vatarise pane chimwe chinhu. Pfungwa dzavo dzinofamba-famba nekukurumidza. Fungidzira, semuenzaniso, mudzidzisi ari kudzidzisa chidzidzo uye vari kutarisa shavishavi nepahwindo.

• Zvakaoma kuteerera mirairo nemazvo. Kana ukati, "Mwanangu, chengeta matoyi uuye nebhuku," pamwe uchayeuka rimwe chete.
• Ruzivo rwakakosha runogona kushaikwa.
• Unogona kunonotsa basa rawakatanga usina kuripedza. Zvakafanana nekutanga kupenda wobva wamira pakati.
• Dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuita sekunge uri kurota, kana kuti uri kushanda nesimba.
• Vanogona kunge vachikanganwa zvishoma uye vanowanzo rasikirwa nezvinhu zvakaita semapenzura, marabha, nemabhuku.

2. Kusashanda zvakanyanya - kutadza kugara panzvimbo imwe chete

Vana ava vanogara vachifamba-famba, zvakaoma kugara panzvimbo imwe chete, vanokurumidza kufinhwa. Zvinoita sekuti vane mavhiri akabatana nemakumbo avo.

• Zvakaoma kugara panzvimbo imwe chete wonyarara (senge mutemberi kana mukirasi).
• Paunenge uchiita basa, unogona kukurumidza kuriita woita zvikanganiso.
• Vanogona kukwira, kusvetuka, uye kukwenya zvakanyanya (sekunge pazvigaro nematafura).
• Hazvisi zvekuda, asi maitiro avo anogona kukanganisa vamwe.Semuenzaniso, sekuseka vamwe vana mukirasi.

3. Kusafunga - tsika yekuita zvinhu usingafungi

Vana ava vanoita zvinhu vasina kufunga, vasingafungi. Semota "isina mabhureki."

• Vanongoerekana vapinda vamwe vachitaura.
• Vamwe vanogona kusunda nekudhonza. Zvakaoma kumirira nguva yako.
• Vanogona kuita zvinhu vasina mvumo, kutora zvinhu zvevamwe vanhu, uye kuita zvinhu zvine njodzi (sekusvetuka kubva panzvimbo yakakwirira, kumhanya kamwe kamwe mumugwagwa).
• Dzimwe nguva, unogona kuva nemanzwiro asina kukodzera panguva iyoyo, akadai sekutsamwira zvinhu zvidiki kana kuchema zvikuru.

Dzimwe nguva vabereki nevadzidzisi vanoona zviratidzo zveADHD izvi mumwana achiri mudiki kwazvo. Asi yeukai, zvakajairika kuti vana vadiki vavhiringidzwe nyore nyore, vasazorore, vasashivirire, uye vasaita zvinhu vasina kufunga. Zvese izvi hazvirevi kuti mwana ane ADHD.

Unyanzvi uhwu hwekunyatsoteerera, kuita zvinhu, uye kuzvidzora hunokura zvishoma nezvishoma sezvo vana vachikura. Vana vanodzidza zvinhu izvi vachibatsirwa nevabereki nevadzidzisi. Asi kune vamwe vana, kuteerera, kugara vakadzikama, kuteerera, uye kuva nemwoyo murefu hazvivandudzike zvakanyanya. Kana mamiriro ezvinhu aya akaramba aripo, uye kana achikonzera matambudziko nebasa rechikoro, kumba, uye hukama neshamwari, inogona kunge iri ADHD.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zveADHD?

Hazvisati zvanyatsojeka kuti kusiyana uku kwehuropi kunokonzera ADHD kunoitika sei. Zvisinei, pane humbowo hwakasimba hwekuti ADHD inowanzogara nhaka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vana vazhinji vane ADHD vane mubereki kana hama yepedyo ine chirwere ichi.

Uyewo, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogonawo kubatanidzwa:

• Kana mwana akazvarwa nguva isati yakwana .
• Kana wakambosangana nezvimwe zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakatipoteredza panguva yekuzvitakura kana kuti uchiri mudiki.
• Kana amai vakashandisa mishonga panguva yekuzvitakura.

Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti ADHD haikonzerwi nekunyanya kushandisa nguva yakawanda pakombiyuta, zvikanganiso zvevabereki, kana kudya shuga yakawandisa. Mafungiro aya angave aripo munharaunda, asi haana kusimbiswa nezvehutano. Saka usazvipe mhosva.

Ungaziva sei chokwadi kana une ADHD?

Kana uchifunga kuti mwana wako ane ADHD, chinhu chekutanga chekuita ndechekuendesa mwana wako kuna chiremba wevana kana mumwe chiremba ane hunyanzvi. Usavhunduke, iri ingori danho rekutanga.

Chiremba achaongorora mwana, oita kuti aone kana kunzwa, uye ova nechokwadi chekuti hapana chimwe chikonzero chezviratidzo izvi. Dzimwe nguva, mwana anogona kunge asiri kuteerera zvidzidzo zvake nekuti haakwanise kuona kana kunzwa.

Kuti vaongorore ADHD, vanachiremba vanotanga vakubvunza nezvehutano hwemwana wako, maitiro ake, uye mabasa ake. Vachataura nevabereki nemwana uye vovabvunza zvavakaona. Chiremba anogona kukupa runyoro rwekuzadza nezvemaitiro emwana wako, kana kuti anogona kukumbira mudzidzisi wemwana kuti azadze runyoro rwakafanana.

Mushure mekuunganidza ruzivo urwu rwese, vanachiremba vanozongoongorora ADHD chete kana zvinotevera zvakajeka:

• Kana mwana achigona kuteerera kwenguva refu, kuita zvinhu zvisina kugadzikana, kana kuti kuita zvinhu zvisina kugadzikana zvakanyanya kupfuura zvakajairwa pazera rake.
• Kana mwana aine maitiro aya kubvira paudiki (kazhinji kutanga asati asvika makore gumi nemaviri).
• Kana maitiro aya achinyatso kukanganisa basa rechikoro remwana, basa rechikoro, uye hukama hwake nevanhu (munzvimbo mbiri, semuenzaniso, kumba nechikoro).
• Kana kuongororwa nachiremba kukaratidza kuti chikonzero chezvinetso izvi hachisi chimwe chezvinetso zvehutano (semuenzaniso, dambudziko rethyroid), dambudziko rekudzidza, kana chirwere chepfungwa.

Vana vazhinji vane ADHD vanewo zvimwe zvirwere, zvakaita sematambudziko ekudzidza , maitiro ekupikisa uye ekuramba , kana matambudziko emanzwiro nekuzvidya mwoyo . Vanachiremba vanowanzo rapa zvimwe zvirwere izvi panguva imwe chete pavanenge vachirapa ADHD.

Kana zvichidikanwa, chiremba anogona kukutumira kuna chiremba wepfungwa dzevana kana chiremba wepfungwa .

ADHD inorapwa sei?

Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa ADHD. Idzi dzinowanzo shandiswa pamwe chete. Nzira imwe chete yekurapa haishande kune wese munhu, uye inogona kusiyana kubva pamwana nemwana.

• Mishonga: Mishonga iyi inobatsira kuti pfungwa dzitarise, dzideredze kumhanya, uye dzivandudze kuzvidzora. Iyi inofanira kutorwa chete sezvakarairwa nachiremba, muchiyero chakakodzera uye kwenguva yakakodzera.
• Kurapa Maitiro: Vanachiremba vanobatsira vana vane ADHD kukudziridza hunyanzvi hwekushamwaridzana, hwemanzwiro, uye hwekuronga izvo dzimwe nguva zvinononoka. Semuenzaniso, zvinhu zvakaita sekudzora hasha, kutaurirana zvakanaka nevamwe, uye kugara vakarongeka.
• Kudzidziswa kwevabereki:Kudzidziswa uku kunogona kubatsira vabereki kudzidza maitiro ekugadzirisa matambudziko ehunhu anouya sechikamu cheADHD (semuenzaniso, kana mwana akatsamwa kana kuti asingateereri zvaunotaura). Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru.
• Rutsigiro rwechikoro: Vadzidzisi vanogona kubatsira vana vane ADHD kuti vabudirire kuchikoro uye vave nehupenyu hunofadza kuchikoro. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kubvumira mwana kugara pamberi pekirasi kana kumupa nguva yekushanda.

Kana kurapwa kwakakodzera, ADHD inogona kuvandudzika. Vabereki nevadzidzisi vanogona kubatsira vana vadiki kudzidza kudzora kutarisisa kwavo, maitiro avo, uye manzwiro avo. Sezvavanokura, vana vanofanira kudzidza kukudziridza kutarisisa kwavo uye kuzvidzora kwavo.

Kana ADHD ikasarapwa, zvinogona kuita kuti zviomere vana kubudirira. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kusazviremekedza, kuora mwoyo, kusawirirana nevamwe, kukundikana basa rechikoro, maitiro ekuzvipa njodzi, kana kusawirirana mumhuri .

Vabereki vangabatsira sei?

Kana ukaona kuti mwana wako ane ADHD, pane zvakawanda zvaunogona kuita. Ndiwe simba guru remwana wako.

• Iva nehanya nazvo: Dzidza zvakawanda sezvaunokwanisa nezve ADHD. Tevedzera marapirwo anokurudzirwa nachiremba wemwana wako. Enda kushanyirwa kwese kwekurapwa kunokurudzirwa.
• Ipai mushonga zvakachengeteka: Kana mwana wenyu ari kutora mushonga weADHD, garai muchipa mushonga panguva yakakodzera uye nechiyero chakakodzera. Musamborega mushonga kana kuchinja chiyero pasina kurairwa nachiremba. Garai muchichengeta mushonga uyu munzvimbo yakachengeteka kure nevana.
• Shandai nechikoro chemwana wenyu: Taurai nevadzidzisi kuti muone kana mwana wenyu achida chero hurongwa hwedzidzo yakakosha kana rutsigiro kubva kuchikoro. Dzimwe nyika dzine hurongwa hwakakosha hwakaita seIEP (Individualized Education Program) kana chirongwa che504 . MuSri Lanka, taurai nechikoro nezverutsigiro rwakakosha runogona kuwanikwa nemwana wenyu (semuenzaniso, kutariswa kwakawanda mukirasi, nguva yekuwedzera bvunzo). Sanganai nevadzidzisi nguva nenguva kuti muzive kuti mwana wenyu ari kuita sei kuchikoro. Shandai pamwe chete kuti mubatsire mwana wenyu kuita zvakanaka.
• Mubereki ane chinangwa uye ushamwari: Dzidza kuti ndeapi maitiro ekurera vana akanakira mwana ane ADHD, uye chii chinogona kuita kuti ADHD iwedzere kuipa. Taura nemwana wako nezveADHD pachena uye uchimutsigira. Tarisa pane simba remwana wako uye hunhu hwake hwakanaka . Rumbidza uye kurudzira maitiro akanaka pane kuranga.
• Bata nevamwe kuti uwane rutsigiro uye ruzivo: Wana ruzivo rwechizvino-zvino nezvekurapa, nezvimwe zvinhu, taura zvakaitika kwauriTarisa mawebhusaiti emapoka ekutsigira epasi rose akaita seCHADD (Children and Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) . Kana kutsvaga mapoka akafanana ekurera vana muSri Lanka. Zvinopawo simba guru kuziva kuti hausi wega.

ADHD inogona kuvandudzika kana vana vachirapwa, vachidya chikafu chine hutano, vachiwana hope dzakakwana uye vachirovedza muviri, uye vaine vabereki vanovatsigira vanoziva maitiro ekuita ADHD. Mwoyo murefu nerudo zvakakosha zvikuru.

Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvekurangarira...

Zvakanaka, saka ADHD yakaoma zvishoma. Asi musazvidya moyo. Haisi mhosva yenyu kana yemwana wenyu. ADHD chirwere chinoitika kana mashandiro europi achichinja. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti inogona kubatsirwa uye kurapwa.

Kana uchifungidzira kuti mwana wako ane zviratidzo zveADHD, iva nechokwadi chekutsvaga mazano echiremba. Kuonekwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwakakodzera kunogona kubatsira mwana wako kurarama hupenyu hunofadza uye hunobudirira. Yeuka, mwana wese akasiyana uye ane hunyanzvi hwakasiyana. Vana vane ADHD vanewo hunyanzvi hwavo hwakasiyana. Zvakakosha kuwana zvinhu izvozvo uye kuzvitsigira. Dai mawana simba parwendo urwu!

ADHD , ADHD muvana, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, impulsivity, kurapwa kweADHD, zviratidzo zveADHD, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder