Nishan (ane makore 28) akauya kukiriniki zuva iroro achinzwa kushushikana uye kusuruvara. Paakangopinda mukamuri, akakwiza mutsipa wake ndokutarisa pasi, akaramba akanyarara kwenguva yakareba.
"Chiremba, ndakaverenga nyaya paindaneti nezuro manheru nezvebhuku raRichard Dawkins rinonzi 'The Selfish Gene'. Sekureva kwaro, tese tiri michina, semarobhoti, akagadzirirwa kubereka majini, anoshanda zvichienderana nemajini edu. Baba vangu nasekuru vangu vane BP yakakwira uye chirwere cheshuga. Saka zvinoreva here kuti majini angu akarongwa kuti andirwarise nenzira imwecheteyo? Hatina rusununguko here rwekutonga hupenyu hwedu?" Nishan akabvunza nekutya kukuru.
Ndakatarisa Nishan ndikanyemwerera netsitsi. "Nishan, usatya. Richard Dawkins, akanyora bhuku iroro, akashandisa izwi rekuti 'udyire' semufananidzo wemhuka chete. Izvi hazvirevi kuti hatina rusununguko rwekurarama. Kunyange zvazvo majini ari iwo purani yehupenyu hwedu, hatisi marobhoti chete. Tinogona kudzora mashandiro anoita majini edu kuburikidza netsika dzedu dzine hutano, kudya, uye kugara zvakanaka kwepfungwa. Musainzi yekurapa, izvi zvinonzi epigenetics. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvehukama huripo pakati pepfungwa iyi yesainzi yejini rine udyire nehutano hwedu chaihwo."
Chii chinonzi majini?
Majini madiki madiki ane mirayiridzo yakavanzika inodiwa kuti muviri wedu wese uvakwe uye ushande. Anowanikwa mumamorekuru eDNA ari mukati memasero edu.
Majini aya haangogumiri pakuona ruvara rwemaziso edu, kureba, uye ganda redu chete, asiwo kuti masoja edu ekudzivirira muviri anorwisa sei zvirwere. Kunyangwe majini angaita semakemikari asina hupenyu, ndiwo simba guru rinochengetedza hupenyu pasi pano.
Majini haafi zvechokwadi here?
Sevanhu, tese tinofa rimwe zuva. Miviri yedu haisi yekusingaperi. Asi majini ari mumiviri yedu haafi. Anopfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe kuburikidza nevana vedu nevazukuru.
Mamwe majini anogona kurarama kwemamiriyoni emakore asingachinje mumiviri yemhuka nevanhu. Ndosaka Richard Dawkins akadana majini kuti "zvipeta zvisingafi." Kusarudzwa kwechisikigo kunovimbisa kuti majini akakodzera nharaunda chete uye anogona kupfuudzwa kuchizvarwa chinotevera ndiwo anorarama.
Michina yehupenyu inotakura majini (Survival Machines)
Zvichienderana nepfungwa ye "gene rine udyire," miviri yedu, mhuka nevanhu, yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza nekupfuudza majini edu kuchizvarwa chinotevera. Dawkins akadana miviri yedu kuti "michina yekupona" yemajini.
- Kudya: Tinodya kuti tiwane simba ratinoda kuti tichengetedze miviri yedu uye tidzivirire majini edu.
- Kutarisira nhiyo:Mhuka dzinoedza nepadzinogona napo kudzivirira vana vadzo, sezvo dzichigara nhaka 50% yemajini adzo.
- Kukwezvana Pabonde: Mapikoko anoratidza minhenga yawo yakanaka kuti akwezve shamwari uye ape majini awo kuchizvarwa chinotevera.
Makwikwi & Kushandira Pamwe Mukushanduka-shanduka
Kurarama kwehupenyu imakwikwi anogara aripo. Makwikwi aya anowanzoitika pakati pemajini.
Mujaho uripo pakati pecheetah nemhembwe
Majini embada anoedza kuita kuti imhanye nekukurumidza uye iite nzara dzakapinza. Kuti mbada ikwanise kubata mhuka inodya mhuka yorarama. Kune rumwe rutivi, majini emhara anoedza kuita kuti iite kuti irambe ichikurumidza kugadzikana uye kugona kuvanda. Saka, majini emativi ese anoedza kukundana, uye izvi zvinonzi rudzi rwemaoko rwekushanduka-shanduka.
Kushandira Pamwe Chekushanduka-shanduka
Kunyangwe majini aine udyire, dzimwe nguva kushandira pamwe kwakakosha kuti majini ararame. Semuenzaniso, kana nyuchi dzichipa maruva, dzinosveta nekita. Kushandira pamwe pakati penyuchi neruva kunobatsira kuti majini emativi ese abudirire.
Majini eHox: Makapisi enguva ezvisikwa
Majini eHox iboka rakakosha kwazvo remajini anosarudza chimiro chemuviri (musoro, hunde, nemakumbo) wemhuka.
Majini aya akaramba asina kuchinja zvinoshamisa kwemazana emamiriyoni emakore. Kufanana kuripo pakati pemajini eHox anosarudza chimiro chemuviri wenhunzi nemajini eHox anosarudza chimiro chemuviri wemunhu kwakatoshamisa masayendisiti. Aya ndiwo macapsule echokwadi enguva, uye uhwu humbowo hwakasimba hwekuti hupenyu hwese pasi pano hwakashanduka kubva kutateguru mumwe chete.
Majini eudyire uye maitiro evanhu
Chiri shure kwemaitiro edu mazhinji ndicho chinopihwa neuropi kuti majini arambe aripo.
- Rudo rwevabereki: Vabereki vanoda kuzvipira chero kupi zvako nekuda kwevana vavo nekuti majini avo aripo muvana. Mumajini, izvi zvinonzi "kusarudza mhuri".
- Rudo neKuroorana: Patinosarudza mumwe wekuroorana naye, tinosarudza mumwe munhu ane hutano hwakanaka uye ane dziviriro yemuviri iri nani, nechinangwa chekubereka vana vakasimba.
🚨 Nzira dzekudzivirira uye mazano ekurapa
Kana paine zvirwere zvemajini zvinoitika mumhuri yako, zvakakosha kuti uzvizive.
Mamiriro ezvinhu apo unofanira kukurumidza kubvunza chiremba uye kutsvaga mazano:
- Kana nhengo dzemhuri dzakawanda dzepedyo dzakambova nekenza, chirwere chemwoyo, kana kuti itsvo dzisina kushanda zvakanaka pazera diki.
- Kana mativi ese emhuri yevari kuda kuroorana aine zvirwere zveropa zvenhaka zvakaita seThalassemia.
- Kana uri kusangana nedambudziko rekubvisa pamuviri kakawanda panguva yekuzvitakura.
Zvinofanira kuitwa uye Zvisingafaniri kuitwa
| ✔️ Zvinhu zvekuita (Zviito) | ❌ Zvisingafaniri kuitwa |
|---|---|
| Ziva zvakanaka nezvenhoroondo yemhuri yako. | Usatya kufunga kuti nekuda kwekuti mumhuri mako mune zvirwere, iwe zvechokwadi uchabatwa nechirwere chimwe chete. |
| Dzora migumisiro yakaipa yemajini kuburikidza nekudya zvine hutano uye mararamiro anoshanda. | Usazvidya mwoyo zvisina kufanira nekufunga nezvezvirwere zvemajini pasina kupiwa mazano echiremba nekuongororwa. |
| Kana zvichidikanwa, tsvaga mazano ezvemajini zvichibva pazano rechiremba. | Dzivisa kusvetuka bvunzo dzakakurudzirwa nachiremba wako panguva yekuzvitakura. |
❓ Mimwe mibvunzo yaungave nayo (FAQ)
Dzini reudyire rinoreva here kuti tese tinozvarwa tiine udyire ?
Kwete. Izwi rekuti 'udyire' rinoshandiswa pano kutsanangura maitiro echisikigo emajini ekupa makopi awo kuchizvarwa chinotevera, kwete kutsanangura mafungiro evanhu kana maitiro etsika. Kutaura zvazviri, dzidziso iyi inotsanangura kuti kushandira pamwe nekubatsirana pakati pevanhu nemhuka zvinowanzobatsira majini kuti ararame.
Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri mangu aine chirwere chemajini, iniwo ndichachiwana here? ▼
Kwete. Kunyangwe nhoroondo yemhuri ichigona kuwedzera njodzi yako yekubatwa nechirwere, hazvirevi kuti uchachibata 100%. Zvirwere zvakawanda, zvakaita seBP, chirwere cheshuga, uye chirwere chemwoyo, zvine zvinhu zvakawanda. Izvi zvinoreva kuti, pamusoro pemajini, zvinhu zvekunze zvakaita semararamiro ako, kudya, kurovedza muviri, uye kushushikana zvinosarudzawo kana majini iwayo achishandiswa.
Kuongororwa kwemajini kunogona kuona zvirwere nekukurumidza here? ▼
Ehe. Sekureva kwesainzi yezvekurapa iripo, bvunzo dzemajini uchishandisa muenzaniso weropa dzinogona kuona zvirwere zvenhaka zvaungave uri panjodzi yekuzvara mune ramangwana (semuenzaniso BRCA1/BRCA2 gene mutations iyo inosarudza njodzi yekenza yemazamu). Kuonekwa uku nekukurumidza kunokutendera kuti utore matanho ekurapa anodiwa uye shanduko dzemararamiro kudzivirira chirwere ichi.
Kugadzirisa majini uchishandisa tekinoroji yakaita seCRISPR kwakachengeteka here? ▼
CRISPR-Cas9 tekinoroji yemazuva ano inogona kucheka nekugadzirisa DNA nemazvo. Pari zvino iri kuyedzwa mukiriniki kuti irape zvirwere zvakakomba zvemajini zvakaita sehemophilia ne sickle cell anemia, nekubudirira kukuru. Zvisinei, kuchine tsvakurudzo yesainzi yakaoma uye maitiro ekutonga ari kuitwa pasi rese maererano nenyaya dzayo dzekuchengetedza uye tsika.
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