Uri kunetsekawo here kufema? Imhaka yeTracheal Stenosis here? Ngatizvionei zvechokwadi!

Dzimwe nguva unonzwa kuti zvakaoma kufema here kana uchikwira masitepisi kana kufamba nekukurumidza? Kana kuti unonzwa kurira kwemuridzo pahuro pako paunofema, kunyanya paunofema nekuburitsa mweya? Pamwe mwana wako mudiki ari kufema nehasha uye anoita seaneta paanonwa mukaka? Usangoregeredza zvinhu izvi. Nekuti panogona kunge paine chikonzero chekurapa chiri shure kwazvo. Ndiyo imwe yemamiriro ezvinhu atichataura nezvawo nhasi. Ndiyo Tracheal Stenosis .

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Tracheal Stenosis?

Musavhundutswa nezita iri. Ngatinzwisisei zviri nyore. Paipi yenyu yemhepo, kureva chikamu chatinodaidza kuti paipi yemhepo (muChirungu, `Trachea`), ndicho chikamu chinotora mweya watinotora kubva mumhino dzedu nemuromo kuenda kumapapu edu. Zvakafanana nepaipi inotakura mvura kubva mutangi remvura. Zvino fungai nezvazvo, chii chinoitika kana paipi iyi ikava diki kana kuti yakavharwa mukati nechikonzero chipi zvacho? Kuyerera kwemvura kunoderera, handiti? Ndizvo zvazviri.

Tracheal Stenosis inguva apo paipi yako yemhepo inodzikira nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero. Kudzikira uku kunogona kukonzerwa nehutachiona, kukuvara, kana kukura kwemavanga. Kana paipi yemhepo ikadzikira nenzira iyi, panenge pasina nzvimbo yakawanda yekuti mweya upinde mumapapu. Apa ndipo panoitika matambudziko ekufema.

"Stenosis" izwi rezvekurapa rinoreva kutetepa kwechubhu kana nzira mumuviri zvisina kujairika. Izvi zvinogona kuitika munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana muhuro.

• Laryngotracheal Stenosis: Muizvi, zvese zviri zviviri pamuromo wemhepo (trachea) nebhokisi renzwi (larynx) zvinova zvishoma.
• Subglottic Stenosis: Uku kupfupika kwenzvimbo iri pasi petambo dzenzwi, asi pamusoro pepaipi yemhepo.

Pane nzira mbiri huru dzinogona kuitika nadzo mamiriro ezvinhu aya.

Tracheal stenosis inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri huru.

1. Acquired Tracheal Stenosis: Iyi ndiyo mhando inonyanya kuwanikwa. Inokonzerwa nechirwere, kukuvara, kana chimwe chikonzero muhupenyu hwedu. Inogona kuitika kuvanhu vakuru nevana.

2. Congenital Tracheal Stenosis (CTS): Ichi chirwere chinowanikwa pakuzvarwa. Hachiwanzoitiki. Chinobata mwana mumwe chete pavana 64,500. Zvisinei, chirwere chine njodzi uye chinouraya mwana mudiki. Kazhinji, chirwere ichi chinowanikwa pakuzvarwa kana mukati memwedzi mishoma yekutanga yehupenyu.

Kune mwana achangoberekwaIzvi zvinokonzeresa emergency. Kana mwana wako achitadza kufema kana kuratidza zviratidzo zvekunetseka kufema, muendese kuchipatara nekukurumidza.

Zvisinei, mhando dzese dziri mbiri dzinokonzera kutadza kufema zvakanaka. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwako zvakanyanya. Ndosaka zvichikosha kuona chiremba kana uine fungidziro diki yekuti iwe kana mwana wako ane chirwere ichi.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveTracheal Stenosis?

Zviratidzo izvi zvakawanda zvinowanikwa kuvanhu vakuru nevana. Ngationei kuti zviratidzo izvi chii.

Hunhu hwakasiyana nevana

Kuwedzera kune zviratidzo zvataurwa pamusoro apa, vana vanogona kuratidza zvimwe zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana.

• Vana vacheche: Vanogona kunetseka kuyamwisa nemukaka wezamu kana bhodhoro. Vanogonawo kuratidzika sevaneta zvakanyanya mushure mekuyamwisa.
• Vana vakuru: Vanogona kudzipwa pavanenge vachidya uye vanonetseka kufema.
• Vana vakuru: Kuchinja kweruvara rwebhuruu rweganda nematadza zvakatenderedza mhino (`cyanosis`) kunogona kuonekwa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti ropa hariwani oxygen yakakwana.

Sei izvi zvichiitika? Ndezvipi zvikonzero?

Mhando mbiri dzatakambokurukura kare dzinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana.

Chikonzero chemamiriro ekuzvarwa nawo (CTS):

Izvi zvinoitika kana shwashwa inoumba paipi yemwana isingakure zvakanaka, zvichiita kuti paipi yemwana ive diki pane zvakajairika pakuzvarwa.

Zvikonzero zvechirwere ichi muhupenyu:

Chikonzero chikuru uye chinowanzo konzera izvi inguva refu yekuiswa kwechubhu. Chii chinonzi intubation? Kana paine dambudziko rekufema, chubhu inopinzwa muchubhu kuburikidza nemuromo kana mhino kuti ibatsire murwere kufema. Uku kurapa kunoponesa hupenyu. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva, nekuti chubhu iyi iri mukati mechubhu, inogona kukuvadza nyama dziripo, zvichikonzera mavanga uye kutetepa kwechubhu. Kana rudzi urwu rwechubhu ruchishandiswa kufema vana vanozvarwa vasina kukura, chirwere ichi chinowanzoitika gare gare.

Kuwedzera pakupinza matubhu, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa izvi:

• Zvirwere zve autoimmune: Zvirwere zvakaita seGranulomatosis nePolyangiitis (GPA) umo masoja emuviri anorwisa masero awo.
• Zvirwere zvinobata mapapu: Zvirwere zvinokanganisa mapapu, zvakaita sePulmonary Sarcoidosis.
• Utachiona: Utachiona hwemabhakitiriya kana hwemavhairasi hunokanganisa kufema, hwakadai seTB.
• Mabundu: Mabundu ibundu rine kenza kana kuti risiri kenza rinodzvanya pamuromo wemudumbu.
• Kufema zvinhu zvine chepfu:Kukuvadzwa kwepaipi yemhepo nekuda kwemakemikari anofema kana magasi ane chepfu.
• Kurapa nemwaranzi: Semhedzisiro yekurapa nemwaranzi yakanangana nemutsipa kana pachipfuva.
• Kuvhiyiwa kwetracheostomy: Kubvisa mavanga mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuti pave neburi mumutsipa uye kuisa chubhu mupaipi yemhepo kuti zvibatsire kufema kana paine emergency.

Chiremba anoongorora sei chirwere ichi?

Paunoenda kuna chiremba, iye achanyatsoteerera zviratidzo zvako uye, kana zvichidikanwa, achakutumira kuti unoongororwa. Vanachiremba vezvenzeve, mhino, nehuro (ENT) ndivo vanowanzo rapa chirwere ichi.

Miedzo mikuru yakaitwa ndeiyi:

• Maitiro EEndoscopic: Izvi zvinosanganisira kuongorora mukati menzira yekufema uchishandisa chubhu yakatetepa, inochinjika ine kamera yakabatanidzwa.
• Bronchoscopy: Iyi ndiyo nzira huru inoshandiswa kuona chirwere ichi. Muizvi, chubhu inopinzwa mupaipi yemhepo kuti ione kuti kutetepa kwacho kuri papi, kukura kwacho, uye chikonzero chacho.
• Laryngoscopy: Iyi inoongorora tambo dzenzwi nenzvimbo dzakadzipoteredza.
• Maitiro Ekutora Mifananidzo:
• CT scan (Computed Tomography scan): Kuongororwa kweCT kwemutsipa nechipfuva kunogona kupa pfungwa yakanaka yenzvimbo uye hunhu hwekuchekwa uku.
• MRI Scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Dzimwe nguva MRI scan inogona kuitwa kuti ibatsire kuronga kurapwa.
• Kuongororwa Kwebasa Remapapu: Izvi zvinosanganisira kukukumbira kuti ufeme uye ubvise mweya nenzira dzakasiyana kuti uone kuti mapapu ako ari kushanda zvakanaka sei uye kuti nzira dzekufema dziri kupfupika sei.

Pamusoro pezvo, mimwe miedzo inogona kuitwa kuti paonekwe chikonzero chechirwere ichi. Semuenzaniso, kuongororwa ropa kunogona kuitwa kana paine hutachiona kana kuzvimba, kana kuti kuongororwa kweropa (kutora chidimbu chenyama kuti chiongororwe) kunogona kuitwa kana paine bundu risingawanzoonekwi kuti rionekwe kana riri regomarara.

Ndezvipi zvinorapwa izvi?

Kurapa kukuru kwechirwere ichi kuwedzera mutsipa wakamanikana kuburikidza nekuvhiyiwa kana dzimwe nzira. Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza kurapwa kwakakodzera iwe zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira kuoma kwechirwere chako uye nzvimbo yekumanikana kwacho.

Kune nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekurapa:

• Kukura kweTracheal: Mukuita uku, chiremba wako anoisa bharumu kana mudziyo wakakosha ('dilator') mupaipi yako yemhepo, achitambanudza zvishoma nezvishoma uye achikudza nzvimbo yakamanikana. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kufema.
• Laser Bronchoscopy: Beam relaser rinopfuudzwa nebronchoscope kuti ripise mavanga ari kukonzera kuvharika, nokudaro richivhurazve nzira yekufema.
• Trachea Airway Stent: Izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa chubhu diki yakaita semesh (stent) yakagadzirwa nepurasitiki kana simbi mukati menzira yekufema yakavharika. Stent iyi inobatsira kuchengetedza nzira yekufema yakavhurika uye isina kuvharika. Zvisinei, izvi hazvigoneke kune varwere vese, uye zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yakavharika.
• Kuvhiyiwa kweTracheal Resection uye Kuvakazve: Uku ndiko kuvhiyiwa kunowanzoitwa pachirwere ichi. Kunosanganisira kucheka zvachose chikamu chemhepo chakavharika uye kubatanidzazve zvimwe zvikamu zvine hutano. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kudzorera mweya usina kuvharika.

Chii chaungatarisira mushure mekurapwa?

Kana uine chirwere ichi, ungangoda kuvhiyiwa kana imwe nzira yekurapa. Nguva yekupora uye mhedzisiro yekurapwa kwega kwega zvinosiyana.

Semuenzaniso, kuvhiyiwa kunonzi `Tracheal Resection and Reconstruction` kwakakomba zvishoma. Asi kune mukana wakakura wekugadzirisa dambudziko rekuchembera kwenguva refu. Nzira dzisiri dzekuvhiya dzakadai se`Tracheal Dilation` hadzina kukuvadza zvakanyanya. Ungangoda kuzviita kamwe chete, kana kuti ungangoda kudzokorora maitiro acho nguva nenguva.

Ndingazvichengeta sei kumba mushure mekurapwa?

Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kana imwe nzira, muchafanira kutevedzera mimwe mirairo yakakosha kumba. Mirayiridzo iyi inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nekurapwa kwamakapihwa. Chiremba wenyu achakutsanangurirai izvi. Vanowanzo kukuudzai kuti muchenjerere zvinhu zvakaita se:

• Zvekudya Nezvinwiwa: Mumaawa makumi maviri nemana ekutanga, unogona kukumbirwa kuti uderedze kudya zvinwiwa kana zvikafu zvakapfava zviri nyore kumedza. Zvakanakisisa kudya zvikafu zvine spice zvishoma zvisina spice zvakanyanya.
• Kurara: Mumazuva mashoma ekutanga, unogona kukumbirwa kurara nemapiro kuti muviri wako wepamusoro urambe wakasimudzwa zvishoma.
• Kudzora marwadzo: Kana zvichidikanwa, unogona kutora mishonga inonyaradza marwadzo yausingabhadharise kana mishonga yawakanyorerwa nachiremba wako.
• Mabasa: Unokurudzirwa kuti usaite mabasa anorema uye anorema kwevhiki yekutanga mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba zvakare riini? Ndedzipi nguva dzandinofanira kuenda kuETU?

Mushure mekurapwa, chiremba wako achakupa nguva yekutevera kuti aone kufambira mberi kwako. Unogona kukumbirwa kudzoka mavhiki mashoma ega ega pakutanga. Kana uri kuita zvakanaka, unogona kukumbirwa kudzoka mwedzi mishoma yega yega. Uchatariswa kusvika wava nechokwadi chekuti chirwere hachina kudzoka.

Fonera chiremba wako chero nguva yaunonzwa kuoma kufema . Kunonoka kurapwa panguva yakaita seiyi kunogona kuva nengozi. Saka, zvakakosha kutsvaga mazano echiremba.

Unofanira kuenda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) riini?

Kana uchinetseka kufema, kana zviratidzo zvatakakurukura kare zvikadzokazve, zvinogona kunge zviri chiratidzo chekuti Tracheal Stenosis yako yadzoka. Kana zvakadaro, enda kuETU nekukasika.

Kunyanya, kana uri kutarisira mwana achangoberekwa kana mudiki, kana mwana akaratidza dambudziko rekufema, kurumidza kuenda naye kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara chiri pedyo usinganonoke kana miniti imwe chete.