Unoziva here nezveTrypanosomiasis, chirwere chekurara chinowanikwa muAfrica?

Wakambonzwa nezvechirwere chinoshamisa, chine njodzi zvishoma chinoitika mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeAfrica here? Vanachiremba vanoti trypanosomiasis. Vamwe vanhu vanotiwo "African sleeping sickness" nekuti chinoita kuti unzwe hope dziri kuwedzera. Kutaura zvazviri chirwere chakakomba chinokonzerwa neparasite. Ngatitaurei nezvazvo zvizere nhasi.

Chii chinonzi Trypanosomiasis iyi?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, trypanosomiasis chirwere chakakomba zvikuru. Chinogona kupararira kunhengo dzakasiyana dzemuviri wedu. Ngationei kuti chinokanganisa sei:

• Yeganda rako
• Neropa rako
• Kune lymph nodes dzako
• Uropi hwako nemvura inotenderera uropi hwako nemusana , inonzi cerebrospinal fluid.

Chirwere ichi chinopararira nekurumwa nerudzi rwakasiyana rwenhunzi dzinowanikwa muEquatorial Africa . Nhunzi idzi dzinonzi tsetse nhunzi . Nhunzi idzi dzakakura, dzine ruvara rweyero-brown kana brown yakasviba. Funga nezvazvo, nhunzi idzi dzinogona kureba masendimita 0.2 kusvika 0.6 (izvo zvinosvika mamirimita 6 kusvika 16). Equatorial Africa ndiyo chikamu cheAfrica chinofamba neEquator, pasi peSahara Desert. Zviratidzo zvinogona kuonekwa mukati memavhiki mashoma kana mwedzi mushure mekutapukirwa.

Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti trypanosomiasis chirwere chinorapika . Zvisinei, kana chikarapwa nemazvo, chinogona kutokonzera rufu .

Chirwere ichi chinonzi nemamwe mazita akati wandei:

• Chirwere chekurara cheAfrica
• Mushonga weAfrican trypanosomiasis
• Chirwere chevanhu cheAfrica chinonzi trypanosomiasis (HAT)

Sei izvi zvichinzi "chirwere chekurara cheAfrica"?

Vanhu vazhinji vanodana chirwere ichi kuti trypanosomiasis kuti "African sleeping sickness" nekuda kwezvikonzero zviviri. Chimwe ndechekuti tupukanana tunokonzera chirwere ichi tunotapuriranwa netsetse flies muEquatorial Africa. Chimwe ndechekuti chimwe chezviratidzo zvikuru zvechirwere ichi ndechekuti chinogona kukanganisa kurara kwako . Izvi zvinoreva kuti unogona kunzwa hope nguva dzese.

Chirwere ichi chakajairika zvakadii?

Trypanosomiasis yaimbova chirwere chakajairika. Sekureva kweWorld Health Organization (WHO), kwaive nevanhu vanosvika zviuru makumi matatu (30,000) vakabatwa nechirwere ichi mukupera kwema1990 nekutanga kwema2000. Zvisinei, nekuda kwematanho ekudzivirira akatorwa mumakore makumi maviri apfuura, huwandu hwevanhu vakabatwa nechirwere ichi hwakaderera zvakanyanya .Kusvika mugore ra2020, nyaya dze trypanosomiasis dzinosvika mazana manomwe dzakashumwa.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveTrypanosomiasis?

Zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi zvinogona kuoneka chimwe nechimwe. Ona kana izvi zvichizivikanwa kwauri (sezvo chirwere ichi chisipo munyika medu, zvakakosha kuziva nezvazvo):

• Bundu rakazvimba, rakachinja ruvara (tsvuku, pepuru, kana shava) rinogona kubuda panzvimbo yakarumwa. Izvi zvinogona kurwadza.
• Fivha inouya yoenda (fivha inodzokororwa) .
• Muviri uri kutonhorera (kutonhora) .
• Musoro .
• Kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama .
• Kurwadziwa kwemajoini .
• Mapundu paganda .
• Kuderera kwemasero matsvuku eropa muropa, kureva , anemia .
• Kuzvimba kwechiso uye/kana ma lymph nodes .
• Kuomerwa nekuramba wakamuka, hope dzinowanzo itika .
• Kusakwanisa kunyatsoisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe, mamiriro ekusaziva (Confusion) .
• Kutadza kufamba kana kutaura .

Kana ikasarapwa nemazvo , trypanosomiasis inogona kukonzera pfari , coma, uye kunyange rufu .

Chii chinokonzera trypanosomiasis?

Chirwere ichi chinokonzerwa nemarudzi maviri ezvipembenene zvidiki-diki zvine sero rimwe chete zvinonzi protozoa .

• Trypanosoma brucei gambiense . Chipembenene ichi ndicho chinokonzera zvirwere zvinopfuura 90% zve trypanosomiasis.
• Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense . Chipembenene ichi ndicho chinokonzera zvirwere zvisingasviki 10%.

Vanhu vanobatwa sei nechirwere ichi?

Trypanosomiasis inotapuriranwa kuvanhu nekurumwa netsvete dzine utachiona . Tsvete dzinowana tupukanana utwu kubva kumhuka dzine chirwere ichi (dzakadai semombe, makwai, mbudzi, nguruve, mabhiza, nengamera) kana kubva kune vamwe vanhu vane chirwere ichi.

Trypanosomiasis chirwere chinotapukira here?

Chirwere cheTrypanosomiasis chinowanzo kukonzerwa nekurumwa netsvete ine utachiona. Zvisinei, kana uine pamuviri, unogona kutapurira chirwere ichi kumwana wako .

Chimwe chinhu ndechekuti pane mukana mudiki wekuti chirwere ichi chinogona kutapuriranwa kuburikidza nekuwedzerwa ropa . Asi hazviwanzoitiki. Nekuti vanachiremba vanotora matanho akawanda ekudzivirira kuti kupa ropa kuve kwakachengeteka.

Ndiani anonyanya kubatwa nechirwere ichi?

Nhunzi dzeTsetse inhunzi dzinoshanda zuva nezuva masikati.Rudzi rwenhunzi. Dzinogara munzvimbo dzine masango kana savanna (musanganiswa wemasango negwenga) muEquatorial Africa. Saka, kana ukapedza nguva munzvimbo idzi, une mukana wekuwana chirwere chetrypanosomiasis.

Trypanosomiasis inoonekwa sei?

Chiremba anogona kuongorora chirwere chetrypanosomiasis nekutora nhoroondo yako yezvekurapa, kubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako uye nhoroondo yekufamba kwako munguva pfupi yapfuura, uye kuita ongororo yemuviri.

Mushure meizvozvo, chiremba anogona kuraira bvunzo dzinoverengeka dzakakosha kuti asimbise chirwere chacho.

Ndezvipi zviedzo zvekuongorora chirwere?

Miedzo iyi inobatsira kuona trypanosomiasis:

• Kuongororwa kweropa : Mukuita izvi, chiremba anotora ropa diki kubva mutsinga iri muruoko rwako achishandisa tsono nhete. Rinozoongororwa nemaikorosikopu kuti vaone kana paine tupukanana.
• Kuongororwa kwemvura yelymph node : Chiremba anoshandisa tsono kutora mvura kubva mulymph node yakazvimba oiongorora kana isina tupukanana.
• Kuboorwa kwemusana/Kuboorwa kwemusana : Mukuita izvi, chiremba anoisa tsono pakati pemapfupa maviri emusana ari pasi pemusana wako (nzvimbo yemusana) uye anobvisa huwandu hushoma hwemvura yemusana . Inoongororwa kana paine tupukanana, huwandu hwakawanda hwemasero machena eropa, nezvimwe zviratidzo zvehutachiona.

Trypanosomiasis inogona kurapwa here?

Ehe, kana ikaonekwa nekukurumidza uye ikarapwa nemazvo, trypanosomiasis inogona kurapwa zvachose. Kurapwa kunoenderana nerudzi rweprotozoa yakakutapurira, uye kana hutachiona hwacho hwapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri wako, kunyanya uropi.

• Kana hutachiona hwe trypanosomiasis husina kupararira kuuropi hwako kana ku cerebrospinal fluid , chiremba wako anogona kukupa mishonga yakaita se:
• Une Suramin, tupukanana tunonzi Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.
• Kana uine `(Trypanosoma brucei gambiense)`, tora Fexinidazole kana Pentamidine .
• Kana hutachiona hwe trypanosomiasis hwakanganisa uropi hwako kana cerebrospinal fluid , chiremba wako anogona kukupa mishonga yakaita se:
• Une Melarsoprol, iyo inonzi `(Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense)`.
• Kana uine `(Trypanosoma brucei gambiense)`, unofanira kutora Fexinidazole , Eflornithine , Nifurtimox kanaMelarsoprol.

Dzimwe nguva, corticosteroids inogona kunyorerwa kuderedza kuzvimba, marwadzo emajoini netsandanyama.

Mushonga uyu unogona kupiwa iwe sepiritsi (nemvura) kana semvura inopinzwa mutsinga (mutsinga). Chinhu chakakosha ndechekutora mushonga wese wawakanyorerwa nachiremba wako, kunyangwe ukatanga kunzwa zviri nani. Zvikasadaro, trypanosomiasis inogona kudzoka, zvichiita kuti zviome kurapa.

Chii chinoitika mushure mekurapwa? Ndingaongorora sei kana ndichiri kupora?

Hapana bvunzo chaiyo inogona kusimbisa kuti hausisina hutachiona hwe trypanosomiasis. Saka, vanachiremba vachakutarisa kwemakore maviri mushure mekurapwa kuti vaone kana zviratidzo zvikadzoka. Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvakare, vanogona kuita bvunzo dzeropa nedze cerebrospinal fluid kuti vaone kana paine tupukanana.

Ndichakurumidza sei kupora mushure mekurapwa?

Chiremba wako ndiye munhu akakodzera kupindura mubvunzo uyu. Zvichienderana nekuoma kwehutachiona hwako, anogona kufungidzira kuti zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti utange kunzwa zviri nani mushure mekurapwa.

Chii chinoitika kana ndiine trypanosomiasis?

Kana chirwere ichi chikaonekwa nekukasika uye chikarapwa nemazvo, mikana yekupora kubva kuchirwere chetrypanosomiasis yakanaka kwazvo. Vanhu vazhinji vanopora kana vakarapwa mukati memavhiki maviri kusvika matatu mushure mekutapukirwa.

Zvisinei, kana vanhu vazhinji vakasarapwa nemazvo, vanofa ne trypanosomiasis. Kurapwa kunogoneka kunyangwe mushure mekunge tupukanana twacho twakanganisa uropi ne cerebrospinal fluid. Zvisinei, mikana yekuponesa hupenyu yakaderera.

Mikana yekupona chirwere chekurara ndeipi?

Kana vakarapwa nemazvo, vanhu vanopfuura 95% vane trypanosomiasis vanorarama.

Ndeipi tarisiro ye trypanosomiasis?

Mumakore makumi maviri apfuura, kuedza kuderedza huwandu hwevanhu vane chirwere chetrypanosomiasis kwakabudirira zvikuru. Sangano reWorld Health Organization (WHO) rakaisa chinangwa chekubvisa chirwere chetrypanosomiasis sedambudziko rehutano hwevanhu panosvika gore ra2030. Vanotarisira kuzadzisa chinangwa ichi ne:

• Ipai mari yakawanda yekutsvaga ruzivo.
• Kugadzira nzira dziri nani dzekuyedza.
• Kurapa nekukurumidza.
• Kuderedza kusangana pakati penhunzi dzetse nevanhu.

Trypanosomiasis inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Ehe, unogona kuita zvinhu izvi kuti uzvidzivirire kubva pakurumwa nenhunzi dzetse (kunyanya kana uri kuenda kunzvimbo dzine chirwere ichi chakanyanya):

• Edza kusafamba uchienda kunzvimbo dzine utachiona.
• Pfeka mbatya dzakakora , bhurugwa refu, uye maoko marefu, sezvo tsetse flies dzichigona kuruma kunyange mbatya dzakatetepa.
• Pfeka mbatya dzisina ruvara rwakaenzana. Nhunzi dzeTsetse dzinokwezvwa nemavara akasviba uye akajeka. Sarudza mbatya dzine mavara akaita sechena, grey, cream, brown, kana beige.
• Dzivisa kutenderedza masango nemakwenzi masikati. Kunyange zvazvo nhunzi dzetse dzichishanda masikati, dzimwe nguva dzinotsvaga mumvuri pakati pemasango panguva inopisa yezuva.
• Isa mascreen pamahwindo nemasuo.
• Gara mumba panguva iyo nhunzi dzetse dzinonyanya kushanda.
• Isa mapfapfaidzo kana makemikari pazvipfeko, matende, uye mambure anodzinga nhunzi dzetse.
• Rara mutende rine mesh yakatetepa, kana kushandisa neti yekudzivirira paunorara. Iva nechokwadi chekuvhara tende rako zvachose.
• Usati wapinda mumotokari kana mumarori, tarisa mukati kana muine tsetse flies. Dzinokwezvwa nekufamba uye guruva rinomutswa nemotokari.

Pane mushonga wekudzivirira chirwere cheTrypanosomiasis here?

Kwete, pari zvino hapana mushonga wekudzivirira trypanosomiasis kana mimwe mishonga inogona kudzivirira chirwere ichi.

Ndingazvitarisira sei kana ndine chirwere che trypanosomiasis?

Kana ukatanga kunzwa kusanzwa zvakanaka mushure mekufamba kunzvimbo ine chirwere chetrypanosomiasis, zvakakosha kuti uone chiremba nekukasika . Kunyangwe usingayeuki kurumwa netsvete, udza chiremba wako kana wakambova munzvimbo yawaiva panjodzi. Tevedzera hurongwa hwavo hwekurapa kuti upore zvizere.

Uyewo, kuzorora zvakakwana uye kunwa mvura yakawanda kuchakubatsira kuti upore nekukurumidza.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana wakambogara munzvimbo dzauri panjodzi yekurumwa netsvete uye ukatanga zviratidzo zve trypanosomiasis, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika.

Mushure mekurapwa, muchafanira kuona chiremba wenyu kuti anoongororwa nguva dzose - kazhinji mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega kwemakore maviri. Kana mukava nezviratidzo zvehutachiona zvakare, chiremba wenyu achatora sampuli dzeropa nedzemutsinga dzemusana.

Ndinofanira kuenda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) riini?

Kana uine zviratidzo izvi zvakakomba, enda kuEmergency Room (ER) iri pedyo, kana kufonera 911 (kana nhamba yako yekukurumidzira yemuno):

• Fivha inodarika 103 degrees Fahrenheit (40 degrees Celsius).
• Kuvhiringidzika kana kuvhiringidzika.
• Kubatwa nepfungwa dzakaipa .

Mibvunzo ipi yaunofanira kubvunza chiremba?

Kana ukaona chiremba wako, unogona kubvunza mibvunzo yakaita seiyi:

• Ndakawana sei trypanosomiasis?
• Kana ndisina trypanosomiasis, ndechipi chimwe chirwere chandingawana?
• Dambudziko rangu rakakomba zvakadii?
• Ndedzipi bvunzo dzamunoita kuti muone kana paine chirwere chetrypanosomiasis?
• Ndeapi marapirwo amunokurudzira?
• Pane migumisiro yakaipa pakurapa kwamunokurudzira here?
• Ndichatanga rini kunzwa zviri nani?
• Chii chimwe chandingaita kuti ndikurumidze kupora?
• Ndinofanira kunetseka here nezvezviratidzo zvitsva kana kuti zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera kuipa?
• Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini kuti ndiwane mimwe miedzo?

Ndingawana trypanosomiasis kanopfuura kamwe chete here?

Ehe, unogona kuwana trypanosomiasis kanopfuura kamwe chete. Kurapa trypanosomiasis zvinobudirira hakukupi dziviriro yekuiwana zvakare.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peAfrican Trypanosomiasis neAmerican Trypanosomiasis?

Chirwere cheAmerican Trypanosomiasis chimwewo chinonzi chirwere cheChagas . Ichirwere cheparasite chinonzi Trypanosoma cruzi . Chinowanzo paradzirwa nekurumwa nezvipembenene zvine utachiona zveTriatomine (zvinozivikanwawo se "zvipembenene").

Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba

Zvakanaka, ngatidzokororei zvinhu zvakakosha zvatataura nezvazvo nezve trypanosomiasis:

• Utachiona uhu hunoparadzirwa nekurumwa netsvete uye hunowanikwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeAfrica.
• Kana zvikaonekwa uye zvikarapwa nekukurumidza, zvinogona kurapwa , kana kuti zvinogona kuuraya .
• Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira fivha, kurwadziwa kwemuviri, kuzvimba kwema lymph nodes, uye hope dzakanyanya uye kuvhiringidzika.
• Kana uri kuenda kunzvimbo dzine chirwere ichi, zvakakosha kutora matanho ekuzvidzivirira kubva kunhunzi .
• Kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa mushure mekudzoka kubva parwendo rwakadaro, tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika .

Ndinovimba ruzivo urwu ruchakubatsira. Ramba uine hutano hwakanaka!

Trypanosomiasis , chirwere chekurara cheAfrica, tsetse fly, utachiona hwezvipembenene, chirwere cheAfrica, hope, zviratidzo