Unonzwawo kusuruvara uye kusuruvara nguva dzese here? Ndizvo zvamunoti kuora mwoyo here? (Major Depression Disorder)

Zvakajairika kuti tese tinzwe kusuruvara, kuodzwa mwoyo, uye kusurukirwa dzimwe nguva muhupenyu hwedu, handiti? Dzimwe nguva patinorasikirwa nebasa, patinorasikirwa nemudiwa, kana patinosangana nedambudziko guru, tinonzwa kumanikidzwa kukuru. Asi chirwere ichi chinonzi Clinical Depression kana kuti Major Depression Disorder chakasiyana zvishoma, uye chinhu chekufunga nezvacho. Ngatitaurei nezvazvo zvakadzama nhasi, nekuti zvinokanganisa vanhu vazhinji.

Saka chii chaizvo chinonzi kushushikana kwepfungwa?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kushushikana kwepfungwa chirwere chepfungwa chinokanganisa pfungwa dzedu. Chinoratidzwa nekunzwa kusuruvara kwenguva refu, kushaya tariro, uye kurasikirwa zvachose nekufarira zvinhu zvataimbofarira. Funga nezvekuti waimbonakidzwa sei nekutandara neshamwari, kuona bhaisikopo, kuverenga bhuku, kana kuita zvinhu zvaunofarira. Asi paunosvika mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, unoona kuti hapana kana chimwe chezvinhu izvozvo chinoita sechinokosha.

Kushungurudzika uku kunogona kukanganisa kurara kwako, kuda kudya, uye kugona kwako kufunga zvakanaka. Kuti vanachiremba vaongorore chirwere ichi, zviratidzo izvi zvinofanira kunge zviripo mukati mezuva kwemavhiki maviri.

Kuora mwoyo kunokonzerwa nezvirwere chirwere chisingaperi. Asi chinowanzo itika muzvikamu. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinogona kugara kwemavhiki kana mwedzi. Ungave uine zvikamu zvinopfuura chimwe muhupenyu hwako. Izvi zvakasiyana nechirwere chekuora mwoyo chinogara kwenguva refu, icho chiri kusuruvara kudiki kusvika pakati nepakati chinogara kwemakore maviri.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzechirwere ichi chikuru chekushungurudzika. Dzimwe dzacho ndedzinotevera:

• Dambudziko reKunzwa Kwemwaka : Uku kusuruvara kunoitika nekuchinja kwemwaka.
• Kushungurudzika Kwepamuviri Nepashure Pekusununguka : Kushungurudzika kunoitika panguva yekuzvitakura uye mushure mekusununguka.
• Kuora Mwoyo Kusingawanzoitiki : Chirwere chekuora mwoyo chinoratidza zviratidzo zvakasiyana zvishoma nekuora mwoyo kwakajairika.

Vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere chekushungurudzika kwepfungwa vanogona kunge vaine mamwe matambudziko epfungwa, akadai se:

• Dambudziko reKushandisa Zvinhu Zvisina Kunaka
• Dambudziko rekutya
• Dambudziko reKunetseka Kwemagariro Evanhu
• Dambudziko reObsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Chii chakasiyana pakati pekunzwa kusuruvara kwakajairika neizvi zvinonzi kushungurudzika kwepfungwa?

Zvakajairika kunzwa kusuruvara kana tiine matambudziko muhupenyu, patinorasikirwa nebasa, kana hukama hwaparara. Vamwe vanhu vanototi panguva iyoyo, "Ndinonzwa kuora mwoyo." Asi,Dambudziko Guru reKushungurudzika rakasiyana. Muizvi, kusuruvara nekuora mwoyo hazvingoripo mazuva ese kwemavhiki maviri chete, asiwo kune zvimwe zviratidzo zvakawanda.

Vanhu vazhinji vanongodaidza kuti kushushikana kwepfungwa (clinical depression) uye chirwere chekushungurudzika kukuru (major depression disorder) kuti "depression," izvo dzimwe nguva zvinogona kukonzera kuvhiringidzika. Zvisinei, kune marudzi akasiyana ezvirwere zvekushungurudzika. Semuenzaniso , chirwere chekushungurudzika chinogara kwenguva refu uye chirwere chepremenstrual dysphoric disorder . Paaya, kushushikana kwepfungwa kunoonekwa serudzi rwakanyanya rwekushungurudzika.

Ndiani angangonyanya kurwara nechirwere ichi chekuora mwoyo?

Izvi zvinogona kuitika kune chero ani zvake. Zvinogona kuitika kuvana, vechidiki, vakuru, chero ani zvake. Zvisinei, zvinowanzotanga mumakore ekuma20. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti zvinogona kuitika chero pazera ripi zvaro.

Vakadzi vanowanikwa vaine mukana mukuru wekuva nechirwere chekuora mwoyo kupfuura varume. Izvi zvinowanzoitikawo kune avo vasina hukama hwepedyo, kana kuti vakarambana, vakaparadzana, kana kuti vakarasikirwa nemumwe wavo.

Dambudziko iri rakajairika zvakadii?

Kuora mwoyo kwakanyanya kunowanzoitika muhutano hwepfungwa. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kunokanganisa vanhu vari pakati pe5% ne17% pasi rose pane imwe nguva muhupenyu hwavo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vazhinji vedu tingangodaro tiri kusangana nako.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo uku?

Zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo zvinogona kusiyana kubva pazvishoma kusvika pazvikuru. Zvisinei, zviratidzo izvi zvinowanzogara mukati mezuva, anenge mazuva ese, kwemavhiki maviri .

Zviratidzo zvikuru nezviratidzo ndeizvi:

• Kunzwa kusuruvara zvikuru, kusava nechinhu, uye kushaya tariro (kusagadzikana mupfungwa). Vana vadiki nevechidiki vanowanzoita sevasingagumbuke pane kusuruvara.
• Kurasikirwa zvachose nekufarira zvinhu nemabasa awakambonakidzwa nawo.
• Kudya kwakawedzera kana kudzikira. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuwedzera kana kudzikira kwehuremu.
• Kutaura zvishoma nezvishoma, kufamba kwemuviri kushoma, uye kufunga kusina kunaka (psychomotor agitation).
• Kushaya hope kana hypersomnia.
• Kurasikirwa nesimba kana kuneta nguva dzose.
• Kunzwa usina kukodzera, kana kunzwa uine mhosva yakawandisa.
• Kudzikira kwekutarisa.
• Kufunga nezverufu kana kuzviuraya.

Zvakakosha:Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva ari kufunga kuzviuraya, ndapota tsvaga rubatsiro nekukasika. MuSri Lanka, unogona kufonera Sumedha hotline panhamba 1926. Pane mumwe munhu aripo kuti akubatsire maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva.

Sei tichiwana chirwere ichi chekuora mwoyo? Ndezvipi zvinokonzera?

Vaongorori havasati vaziva chikonzero chaicho chekuora mwoyo. Zvisinei, vanotenda kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokonzera chirwere ichi. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Kemikari yeuropi: Kusarongeka kwema neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, uye dopamine muuropi hwedu kunofungidzirwa kuti kunokonzera kuora mwoyo. Kare zvaifungidzirwa kuti kusarongeka uku ndiko kwainyanya kukonzera. Zvisinei, tsvakurudzo itsva inoratidza kuti kusarongeka uku kwema neurotransmitter kunokonzerwa nekukanganiswa kwema neural circuits europi akaomarara.
• Majini: Kana nhengo yemhuri yepedyo (semuenzaniso, mubereki, munin'ina kana hanzvadzi) ine chirwere chekushungurudzika kwepfungwa, une mukana wekuwana chirwere ichi kanenge katatu kupfuura munhu asina nhoroondo yemhuri. Zvisinei, unogona kuchiwana kunyangwe pasina mumwe mumhuri yako ane chirwere ichi.
• Kukura kwehudiki: Zviitiko zvakashata zvehudiki (ACEs) , zvakaita sekushungurudzwa uye zviitiko zvinoshungurudza, zvinogona kubatsira mukukura kwekuora mwoyo kwakanyanya mukukura kwehupenyu.
• Zviitiko zvinoshungurudza muhupenyu: Zviitiko zvakaoma zvakaita sekufirwa kwemudiwa, kusangana nedambudziko guru, kurambana, kusurukirwa, uye kushaya rutsigiro zvinogona kukonzera chirwere ichi kuvanhu vane dambudziko rekuora mwoyo.

Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei izvi?

Vanachiremba vanoongorora kushushikana kwepfungwa zvichibva pakunzwisisa zviratidzo zvako, nhoroondo yezvekurapa, uye nhoroondo yehutano hwepfungwa. Dzimwe nguva, zvichienderana nerudzi rwezviratidzo zvako, vanogonawo kukuongorora kuti une rudzi rwakasiyana, rwakadai seSeasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) kana Atypical Depression .

Kuti uongororwe kuti une chirwere chekuora mwoyo, unofanira kunge uine zviratidzo zvishanu zvandambotaura, zvinenge zuva rega rega, kwenguva yakareba yezuva, kwemavhiki maviri panguva imwe chete. Zviratidzo zviviri pazvishanu izvi zvinofanira kunge zviri zvekusafara uye kusafarira zvinhu zvawaimbofarira .

Chiremba wako anofanirawo kubvisa zvimwe zvinokonzera zviratidzo zvako (semuenzaniso, mamwe mamiriro ehutano, kushandisa zvinodhaka). Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuongororwa kwechiremba, senge kuongororwa kweropa.

Uyewo, unofanira kuva nechokwadi chekuti hauna kumbobvira wava nezviitiko zve hypomania kana mania kare. Nekuti kana wakambova nazvo, zvinozokonzeraDambudziko reBipolar rinogonawo kuitika. Vanhu vari pakati pe5% ne10% vane kushungurudzika kwepfungwa vanozopedzisira vava nedambudziko reBipolar.

Ndezvipi zvinorapwa izvi?

Kuora mwoyo kunowanzo shandiswa musanganiswa wemishonga uye/kana kurapa kwepfungwa . Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti musanganiswa wemishonga iyi unoshanda zvakanyanya pane imwe neimwe.

Kurapa kwepfungwa kutaura nenyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa , senge chiremba wepfungwa. Murapi wako achakubatsira kuona nekushandura manzwiro ako asina kunaka, pfungwa, uye maitiro. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzekurapa kwepfungwa - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) uye Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) ndidzo nzira mbiri dzinoshandiswa kurapa kushungurudzika kwekiriniki. Unogona kuona murapi wako kamwe chete pasvondo kana mavhiki maviri ega ega.

Mishonga yekuderedza kushungurudzika mishonga inobatsira kugadzirisa shanduko dzemakemikari muuropi dzinokonzera kuora mwoyo. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemishonga yekuderedza kushungurudzika. Zvinogona kutora nguva kuti uwane yakakunakira, uye ungangoda kuedza mhando dzinopfuura imwe chete. Mishonga iyi inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa, asi inowanzo derera nekufamba kwenguva.

Kune chirwere chekushungurudzika kwakanyanya chisina kupindura kune dzimwe nzira dzekurapa, kurapwa kunonzi electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) kunoshanda zvikuru. Kunosanganisira kutumira magetsi mashoma muuropi hwako, zvichikonzera pfari pfupi. ECT kurapwa kwakachengeteka. Kunoitwa pasi peanesthesia, saka haunzwi kurwadziwa.

Kune mimwe mishonga yekukurudzira kuora mwoyo isingapindure nemishonga:

• Kukurudzira Magnetic kweTranscranial (TMS)
• Kukurudzirwa kweNtsinga dzeVagus (VNS)
• Ketamine neEsketamine

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti munhu atange kunzwa zviri nani mushure mekutanga kurapwa kwekuora mwoyo?

Paunotanga kutora mishonga inorwisa kuora mwoyo, unogona kuona kuvandudzika kwezviratidzo zvako mukati memavhiki maviri ekutanga. Zvisinei, zvinogona kutora mwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu yemishonga kuti unyatsopora.

Kana mushonga wacho usingashande mushure menguva iyi, taura nachiremba wako. Anogona kukwanisa kuchinja dose kana kunyora mumwe mushonga.

Zvichienderana nekuoma kwechirwere chako chekuora mwoyo, zvinogona kutora mavhiki akati wandei kana kupfuura usati watanga kunzwa zviri nani nekurapwa nekurapa kwepfungwa. Kazhinji, unogona kutarisira kuona kuvandudzika kukuru muzviratidzo zvako mushure mekurapwa ka10 kusvika ku15.

Tinogona here kudzivirira kushushikana uku kwekiriniki kuti kusaitike?

Kunyange zvazvo kuora mwoyo kusingagone kudzivirirwa nguva dzose, pane zvinhu zvatinogona kuita kuti tideredze njodzi yacho:

• Kurara zvakanaka uye kuchengetedza maitiro akanaka ekurara.
• Kudzidzira nzira dzakanaka dzekugadzirisa kushushikana.
• Kugara uchiita mabasa ekuzvitarisira akadai sekurovedza muviri, kufungisisa, uye yoga.
• Kutarisira mamwe matambudziko emuviri kana epfungwa aungave nawo.
• Kudzivisa kushandisa doro zvisina kunaka nezvimwe zvinodhaka.

Kana wakambosangana nedambudziko rekuora mwoyo, une mukana wekuti rikudzokere zvakare. Kana uine zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo, tsvaga rubatsiro nekukurumidza.

Chii chinonzi fungidziro yekuora mwoyo?

Nzira yeramangwana yekuora mwoyo, kureva kuti, tarisiro yekupora, inoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei:

• Kuoma kwechirwere.
• Kutsvaga kurapwa here kana kuti kwete.
• Ungave uine mamwe matambudziko epfungwa kana emuviri.

Avo vane zvirwere zvisina kunyanya kuipa, avo vanorapwa, uye avo vane rutsigiro rwakasimba vane mukana wakakura wekupora. Avo vane zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa kana matambudziko ehunhu, uye avo vanoonekwa vaine chirwere ichi pazera remakore makumi matanhatu kana kupfuura vanogona kunge vaine mukana mudiki wekupora.

Kana ikasarapwa, kuora mwoyo kunogona kugara kwemwedzi mitanhatu kusvika gumi nemiviri.

Zvinosuwisa kuti vanhu vanosvika zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu vane chirwere chekushungurudzika kwepfungwa vanofunga kuzviuraya. Uye pakati pe10% ne15% yevanhu vane chirwere ichi vanofa nekuzviuraya.

Zvisinei, mashoko akanaka ndeekuti kushushikana kwepfungwa ndeimwe yezvirwere zvepfungwa zvinorapika zvakanyanya. Vanhu vari pakati pe80% ne90% vanotsvaga kurapwa vanopedzisira vagamuchira kurapwa.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kuitika kana zvikasarapwa?

Kana kuora mwoyo kwakanyanya kukasarapwa, kunogona kukanganisa zvikuru hupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva uye hupenyu hwako.

Vanhu vane chirwere chekushungurudzika kwepfungwa vari panjodzi yakakura yekubatwa nezvirwere zvekushushikana uye matambudziko ekushandisa zvinodhaka , izvo zvinowedzera njodzi yekuzviuraya.

Kuora mwoyo kunogona kuita kuti mamiriro emuviri aripo awedzere kuipa kana kuti aome kugadzirisa. Semuenzaniso:

• Chirwere cheshuga
• Kukwira Kweropa (BP)
• Chirwere Chisingaperi Chekudzivirira Mapupa (COPD)
• Chirwere chetsinga yeropa

Vanhu vane chirwere chekushungurudzika kwepfungwa vari panjodzi yakakura yekuzvikuvadza senzira yekugadzirisa zviratidzo zvavo.

Kana ndikasangana nemamiriro ezvinhu akadai, ndingaitei?

Kuwedzera pakutsvaga mazano echiremba nekurapwa, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvaunogona kuita kumba kuti uderedze zviratidzo zvako:

• Kurovedza muviri nguva dzose.
• Kurara zvakanaka usiku (kwete zvishoma, kwete zvakawanda).
• Kudya chikafu chine hutano.
• Kudzivisa kushandisa doro (doro rinoderedza kushushikana).
• Kupedza nguva nevaya vaunoda uye vaunofarira.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini nezvenyaya iyi?

Kana uine zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo, iva nechokwadi chekuona chiremba kana mupi wezano wehutano hwepfungwa . Vanogona kukupa chirwere chakarurama uye kukupa nzira dzakakodzera dzekurapa.

Kana watanga kurapwa kwechirwere chekushungurudzika kwepfungwa uye zvisiri kushanda zvakanaka, kana kuti uri kuva nemigumisiro isingafadzi, taura nachiremba wako nezvazvo zvakare. Vanogona kukupa imwe nzira yekurapa yakasiyana.

Yeuka, Major Depression Disorder chirwere chepfungwa chinowanzoitika. Chinogona kuitika kune chero munhu - dzimwe nguva pasina chikonzero chakajeka. Chinhu chakanakisa ndechekuti chinogona kurapwa zvinobudirira. Kana uine zviratidzo, taura nachiremba. Kana ukakurumidza kuwana rubatsiro, ndipo paunokwanisa kupora nekukurumidza.

Mharidzo Yekupedzisira Yekuenda Kumba

Zvakanaka, regai ndikuudzei zvimwe zvezvinhu zvakakosha zvatataura nezvazvo kuti zvikubatsirei kuzviyeuka.

• Kune mhando mbiri dzekuora mwoyo: kusuruvara kwakajairika uye kuora mwoyo kwakanyanya/dambudziko guru rekuora mwoyo . Kuora mwoyo chirwere chepfungwa chinoda kurapwa.
• Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira zviratidzo zvakaita sekusuruvara kwenguva refu, kurasikirwa nechido muzviitiko zvaimbofarirwa, kuchinja kwekurara/chido chekudya, kushaya simba, uye kufunga kuzviuraya .
• Izvi zvinogona kukanganiswa nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita semajini, shanduko dzemakemikari muuropi, uye zviitiko zvehupenyu .
• Usazvidya moyo, kune mishonga inoshanda zvikuru pakurapa izvi! Mishonga nekurapa kwepfungwa (talk therapy) zvinogona kukubatsira kuti uve nani.
• Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva aine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, ndapota tsvaga rubatsiro kubva kuna chiremba. Chinhu chakanakisa chekuita ndechekuwana rubatsiro nekukurumidza. Hausi wega, kune vanhu vazhinji vanogona kubatsira.

Kushungurudzika , Dambudziko Guru reKushungurudzika, Kushungurudzika Kwepfungwa, Zviratidzo, Kurapwa, Hutano hwepfungwa