Wakamboona here kuti vamwe vanhu vakatipoteredza, pamwe mwana wedu, shamwari, kana isu pachedu, vanofunga uye vanoita zvakasiyana zvishoma nevamwe? Dzimwe nguva tinoona kusiyana uku sechikanganiso kana kusasimba. Asi uku kusasimba chaiko here? Kana kuti kunongova kusiyana kwechisikigo mumashandiro anoita pfungwa dzedu? Ndiyo pfungwa inokosha yatiri kutaura nezvayo nhasi. Inonzi Neurodiversity .
Ndiani munhu ane "neurodivergent"?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, iyi ipfungwa yakanaka. Izwi rekuti neurodiversity rakatanga kutaurwa kuma1990 ekupedzisira naJudy Singer, nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu aive neautism. Akataura kuti mamwe matambudziko ekukura, akadai seADHD neautism, haasi zvirwere chaizvo, asi kusiyana kwechisikigo muuropi hwedu. Kureva kuti, uropi hwemunhu wese hahuna kufanana. Huropi hwevamwe vanhu hunoshanda zvakasiyana zvishoma. Musiyano iwoyo unovapa matambudziko, asiwo simba rakakosha uye kugona .
Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi. Mwana wako anonetseka kuteerera (ADHD). Anonetseka kutanga nekupedza mabasa nenguva. Asi kana ukamukumbira kuti agadzire chimwe chinhu chitsva, kudhirowa mufananidzo, kana kuuya nemhinduro yakasiyana yedambudziko, ndiye mwana akangwara kupfuura vose mukirasi. Haatyi kutaura zviri mupfungwa dzake. Ndiyo pfungwa huru yepfungwa iyi. Kuona simba rakavanzika mune zvinoita sekushaya simba.
Kusiyana-siyana kwetsinga hakusi kuremara, asi vanhu vane misiyano iyi yeuropi , kana kuti vanhu vane misiyano yetsinga, vangada rutsigiro rwakati kuti vabatsirwe kuita mabasa avo zviri nyore kuchikoro kana kubasa.
Kune zvirwere zvakawanda zvinowanzo batanidzwa neNeurodiversity.
| Zita remamiriro ezvinhu (Mamiriro ezvinhu) | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Dambudziko reAttention Deficit Hyperactivity (ADHD) | Kuomerwa nekuchengetedza pfungwa, kuita zvinhu zvisina kugadzikana, uye kuita zvinhu zvisina kurongeka. |
| Dambudziko reAutism Spectrum | Kuchinja kwehukama hwevanhu, kutaurirana, uye maitiro avo. Vanogona kuratidza zvinhu zvavanofarira uye matarenda avo mune zvimwe zvinhu. |
| Dyslexia | Kuoma kuverenga nekunyora. Matambudziko ekuziva mavara nemazwi. |
| Kushaya simba rekuita zvepabonde | Kuoma kwekufamba kwemuviri uye kubatana kwawo. |
| Zvimwe zvinetso zvekudzidza | Mamiriro ezvinhu akadai se dyscalculia (zvidzidzo zvakaoma kudzidza zvakaita semasvomhu). |
Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anokanganisa sei chikoro nedzidzo?
Ingava chikoro kana yunivhesiti, havasi vadzidzi vese vakafanana. Mudzidzi wega wega ane ruzivo rwakasiyana rwekudzidza. Vamwe vadzidzi vanodzidza nekuteerera. Vamwe nekunyora. Vamwe vanoda kudzidza nekuita. Asi sisitimu yedu yedzidzo inowanzogadzirwa kuti ikwane mwana "akajairika" anofunga uye anoita zvinhu nenzira imwecheteyo.
Nekuda kweizvi, vana vane pfungwa dzakasiyana-siyana vanowanzorasika. Vanonzi "havadzidi," "mapenzi," "vane usimbe." Asi pfungwa yekusiyana-siyana kwepfungwa inotarisa vana ava nenzira yakasiyana. Zvakafanana nembure hombe, inogona kubata vana ava vese.
Iye zvino, munzvimbo zhinji dzepasi rose, kunyanya mumayunivhesiti, kune katsika kekushandisa izwi rekuti "Neurodiversity" pachinzvimbo chezwi rekuti "kuremara." Izvi zvinoreva kuti tinorega kutaura nezvezvikanganiso zvemwana chete totarisa pane zvavanokwanisa uye kusiyana kwavo. Izvi zvinosanganisira vana vane dambudziko rekudzidza rakatsigirwa nenyanzvi dzezvehutano, pamwe nevana vasina dambudziko rakadaro asi vane misiyano yakati siyanei.
Pane mukana wekusiyana-siyana kwetsinga kubasa here?
Iyi inyaya yakakoshawo zvikuru. Munhu ane hunhu hwakasiyana-siyana hwepfungwa anosangana nedambudziko guru kana zvasvika kubasa. Kazhinji vanofanira kuedza zvikuru kuti vajairane nenzvimbo yavo yebasa. Semuenzaniso, kana ruzha rwakavapoteredza ruchivaita kuti varasikirwe nepfungwa, vanofanira kutsvaga nzira dzekuzvidzora. Vanofanira kugara vachifunga nezvekutaura kwavo nevamwe uye maitiro avo.
Kuedza uku kwezuva nezuva kunogona kukanganisa hutano hwavo hwepfungwa nehwemuviri nekufamba kwenguva, uye kunogonawo kuderedza kushanda kwavo zvakanaka kubasa.
"Vamwe vanhu vachafungei nezvangu? Kana ndikakumbira rubatsiro, vachafunga kuti ndiri kuedza kutamba nehurongwa." Rudzi urwu rwekutya runoita kuti vanhu vazhinji vasade kukumbira rubatsiro rwavanoda.
Zvisinei, kana nzvimbo dzebasa dzemazuva ano dzichigamuchira pfungwa yeNeuro DIV , mamiriro ezvinhu aya anogona kuchinjwa zvachose. Kana vatungamiriri vachiziva izvi, vanogona kugadzira nzvimbo yebasa inokodzera munhu wese.
Zvinhu zvaunogona kuita semukuru wesangano
- Gadzira mabasa anokodzera vanhu vane hunyanzvi hwakasiyana: Gadzira mikana yebasa inoenderana nesimba remunhu wega wega, pane kuisa munhu wese muchikamu chimwe chete.
- Ita kuti basa rive nyore uye rinochinjika: Iva anochinjika nenguva dzekushanda, kwaunoshanda (sekushanda uri kumba), uye mashandiro aunoita.
- Gadzira hurongwa hwebasa hunogamuchira munhu wese: Iva nemutemo wakasununguka uye unochinjika wekuti unoshanda kupi, riini, uye sei.
Ngatitarisei simba pane kusasimba!
Chinhu chikuru chinotaurwa nepfungwa yekusiyana-siyana kwepfungwa ndechekuti, pane kungotarisa pane kusasimba kunouya nematambudziko akadai seADHD ne autism , tinofanira kutsvaga simba rawo toripa nzvimbo.
Kunyangwe tsvakurudzo yakawana chokwadi nezveizvi.
- Kunyange hazvo vanhu vane ADHD vachiwanzova vakaoma musoro, vane hunyanzvi, ushingi, uye tsitsi . Vanewo kugona kukuru kwekutarisa zvakanyanya pane chimwe chinhu chavanoda kwemaawa akawanda.
- Vanhu vane autism vane hunyanzvi hunoshamisa hwekuteerera zvinhu zvakaoma . Vane simba guru rekurangarira . Vanobatsira zvikuru mumabasa akadai semapurogiramu emakombiyuta nemimhanzi. Semuenzaniso, muimbi ane mukurumbira Mozart aive nepfungwa dzinoshamisa dzemimhanzi uye kugona kuziva chero noti nenzwi rakazara.
- Vanhu vane dyslexia vanokwanisa kunzwisisa mamwe mashoko ekuona zviri nani kupfuura vanhuwo zvavo.Pane mukana. Kugona uku kunobatsira zvikuru pamabasa akaita seinjiniya nekugadzira mifananidzo yemakombiyuta.
Masayendisiti anofunga kuti majini ane chekuita neizvi zvinonzi "kusasimba" anopfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa nekuti aive nemukana wekushanduka-shanduka kwezvinhu. Semuenzaniso, madzitateguru edu angangodaro akabatsirwa nekusashanda nesimba kwavo uye kushaya hanya kwavo kuti vawane chikafu uye vatize njodzi.
Ndezvipi zvinetso zviri pedyo nepfungwa iyi?
Kunyangwe pfungwa iyi yakanaka, havasi vese vanobvumirana nayo. Vamwe, kunyanya avo vane zvirwere zvakakomba zvakaita se autism nemhuri dzavo, vanotenda zvakasimba kuti izvi hazvisi nyore sezvazvinoita, uye kuti uku kuremara kunoisa upenyu panjodzi.
Uyewo, nzira iyo vanhu vanosarudza kuzvizivisa nayo inosiyana kubva pamunhu kusvika pamunhu. Vamwe vanhu vanosarudza kutaura kuti "mushandi ane autism." Vamwe vanosarudza kuzvizivisa vachiti "Ndiri mushandi ane autism."
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti kunyangwe kusiyanisa kwetsinga dzeropa kusiri kuremara, nekuti nzanga yedu, zvikoro, nenzvimbo dzebasa hazvisati zvajairana nemisiyano iyi , vanhu ava vachiri panjodzi. Nokudaro, vamwe vanhu vanosarudza kuramba vachiramba vachizivikanwa se "kuremara" sechiratidzo chekusakwana ikoko.
Zvese izvi zvinotiyeuchidza kuti tichiri pakutanga kwerwendo urwu. Ibasa redu kunzwisisa kusiyana uku kwakanaka kuri muuropi hwemunhu uye kugadzira nyika iyo vese vanogona kurarama neruremekedzo nerutsigiro. Kana uine mibvunzo kana kusava nechokwadi nezvemwana wako, kana iwe pachako, zvakakosha zvikuru kutaura nachiremba wako nezvazvo uye kuwana kunzwisisa kwakakodzera uye kutungamirirwa.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kusiyana-siyana kwepfungwa ipfungwa yekuti misiyano mukushanda kwehuropi hwedu yakajairika uye yechisikigo.
- Matambudziko akaita seADHD, Autism, uye Dyslexia haasi kuremara chete, anouya nesimba nehunyanzvi.
- Chatinofanira kuita hakusi kusarura vanhu ava; tinofanira kugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu muzvikoro, munzvimbo dzebasa, uye munharaunda anovatsigira uye anokoshesa hunyanzvi hwavo.
- Kana muine zvinokunetsai kana kusava nechokwadi nezvemaitiro emwana wenyu kana emwana wenyu kana maitiro ake ekudzidza, zvakakosha zvikuru kutaura nachiremba nezvazvo uye kuwana mazano akakodzera.
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