Masifunde ngakumbi nge-DXA scan (Bone Density Test) elinganisa amandla amathambo akho!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba amathambo akho aqine kangakanani ngaphakathi? Ngamanye amaxesha asikwazi ukuwabona ngaphandle, kodwa inkqubo yethu yamathambo yiyo esigcina sime nkqo kwaye ixhasa umzimba wethu wonke. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngamandla ala mathambo, ingakumbi ukuze siphephe ezinye zeengxaki zempilo eziza nokwaluphala. Kulapho i-DXA scan (Bone Density Test) inokusinceda khona.

Yintoni i-DXA scan? Ngamafutshane...

I-DXA scan luvavanyo olukhethekileyo olulinganisa amandla, okanye ubuninzi, bamathambo akho. Isebenzisa ii-X-rays ukubona ukuba amathambo akho atyebile kwaye anamandla kangakanani. I-DXA imele i-"Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry." Kodwa kuba kunzima ukukhumbula igama elide kangaka, sonke siyibiza ngokuba yi-DXA scan, okanye uvavanyo lobunzima bamathambo. Yayibizwa ngokuba yi-DEXA scan, kodwa oogqirha abasayisebenzisi kakhulu elo gama.

Zeziphi iintlobo zezifo ezisetyenziswa yi-DXA scan ukuxilonga?

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba ugqirha angakucela ukuba wenze i-DXA scan. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Chonga i-Osteoporosis: Esi sisifo apho amathambo aba buthathaka, abuthathaka, aze aphuke lula. Esi sifo sidla ngokuvela xa umntu ekhula.
• Qaphela imeko ye-osteopenia: Le yimeko apho uxinano lwamathambo luphantsi kunesiqhelo, nangona lunganzima njenge-osteoporosis, kwaye amathambo aqala ukubhitya. Oku kunokuba sisiseko se-osteoporosis.
• Hlola umngcipheko wakho wokuqhekeka: Ukuba amathambo akho abuthathaka, unokuba sengozini yokuphuka ithambo nokuba uwe kancinci. Olu vavanyo lunokukunceda ubone umngcipheko wakho.

Oogqirha basebenzisa olu vavanyo ukuze babone indlela amathambo akho atshintsha ngayo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Cinga ngale ndlela:

• Amandla amathambo ayancipha ngokwendalo xa ukhula. Jonga ukuba kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kwaye kunciphe kangakanani.
• Amanye amayeza (afana ne-corticosteroids) anokubangela ukulahleka kwamathambo njengesiphumo esibi xa uqala ukuwasebenzisa . Jonga impilo yamathambo akho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise naluphi na unyango.
• Ukuba sele unyangwa isifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Osteoporosis" okanye "Osteopenia", jonga ukuba ezo ndlela zonyango ziphucule okanye ziqinise amathambo akho.

Ngaba kufuneka ndibe ne-DXA scan?

Enyanisweni, nabani na angazuza kwi-DXA scan ukujonga uxinano lwamathambo akhe. Ugqirha wakho angacebisa olu vavanyo ukuba unenkxalabo malunga noxinano lwamathambo akho okanye umngcipheko wakho wokuqhekeka.

Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu ngokwendalo basengozini enkulu yokufumana izifo ezichaphazela uxinano lwamathambo, njenge-osteoporosis. Ke ngoko, kukho amaqela aliqela acebisa ukuba kwenziwe ii-DXA scans rhoqo :

• Abafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
• Amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 ubudala.
• Abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala abakhe baphuka ithambo ngaphambili (nokuba bafumene ingozi encinci)
• Abantu abanabazali okanye ootatomkhulu noomakhulu abakhe baba ne-osteoporosis.
• Abantu abafutshane nge-intshi enye enesiqingatha okanye ngaphezulu kunabo xa befikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu (ngesiqhelo bakwiminyaka yabo yama-20). (Oku kungaba luphawu lobuthathaka bamathambo.)

Kwanabo bangaphantsi kwale mida yobudala, abasengozini enkulu yokulahlekelwa ngamathambo, banokufuna ukuba bahlolwe rhoqo nge-DXA. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka wenze olu vavanyo nini kwaye kangaphi.

Ziziphi ezinye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko ezichaphazela ukuxinana kwamathambo?

Ezinye iimeko zempilo kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo anokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba neengxaki ngokuqina kwamathambo akho. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba .
• Ukutshaya okanye ukusebenzisa ezinye iimveliso zecuba.
• Ukuxhomekeka etywaleni okanye ukusela iiyunithi zotywala ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngosuku.
• Ukunqongophala kweVithamin D.
• Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwamayeza afana ne -corticosteroids .
• Amanye amayeza okulwa nomhlaza .
• Amanye amayeza okunciphisa amajoni omzimba .
• Izinto ezithintela iihormone .
• Amayeza kwezinye izifo zesifo sokuwa .
• Izithinteli zeProton pump (PPIs) (ezi zihlala zinikwa izifo ezifana ne-gastritis kunye nesifo se-gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)).
• IHeparin (iyeza elithintela ukujiya kwegazi).

Lwenziwa njani olu vavanyo loxinano lwamathambo (i-DXA scan)?

Uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo lusebenzisa ii-X-reyi ezisebenzisa idosi ephantsi ukulinganisa uxinano kunye nokwakheka kweeminerali emathanjeni akho. Kufana kancinci ne-X-reyi eqhelekileyo. Yiyo loo nto i-X kwi-DXA imele "X."

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba le yinkqubo yokulaliswa ngaphandle . Oko kuthetha ukuba akufuneki uhlale esibhedlele. Akukho naliti okanye inaliti. Kwaye akukho ntlungu.

Usenokukwazi ukunxiba impahla yakho eqhelekileyo kolu vavanyo, okanye usenokucelwa ukuba unxibe ilokhwe yesibhedlele.

Nantsi indlela i-DXA scan eyenzeka ngayo rhoqo:

1. Uza kucelwa ukuba ulale phantsi kwitafile ekhethekileyo ye-X-ray.

2. Ingcali (ingcali ye-radiologic) iza kukunceda uzibeke kwindawo efanelekileyo. Ungabekwa phantsi okanye ujikeleze imilenze yakho ukuze ihlale ikwindawo yayo.

3. Emva koko, loo ngcaliUmatshini wokuskena uhambisa inxalenye yomzimba wakho efana nengalo emzimbeni wakho. Yile nto ithatha imifanekiso yamathambo akho.

4. Amaxesha amaninzi , isinqe sakho kunye nomqolo ziyaskenwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha amanye amathambo emzimbeni wakho, njengamathambo engalo yakho, anokuskenwa.

Esi skena se-DXA sisebenzisa iintlobo ezimbini zemitha yelanga esezantsi ukubonisa uxinano lwamathambo akho njengemifanekiso kunye neegrafu kwisikrini sekhompyutha. Amathambo akho abonakala emhlophe. Amafutha, izihlunu, kunye nezinye izicwili ezithambileyo zibonakala njengezithunzi ezimnyama kwimifanekiso.

Yintoni omele ungayiyenzi ngaphambi kokuba uskene i-DXA?

Uninzi lwexesha, akuyi kufuneka wenze naluphi na utshintsho olukhulu kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla ngaphambi kokuba uskene i-DXA. Ngokwesiqhelo:

• Ungatya uze usele ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Ungaqhubeka nokusela amayeza akho emihla ngemihla njengesiqhelo, ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ngenye indlela.
• Xa usiza kuvavanyo , nxiba impahla ekhululekileyo nekhululekileyo. Zama ukunxiba impahla engenazo izinto zesinyithi (ezifana neziphu, amaqhosha, iibhakethi). Kuya kufuneka ukhulule nayiphi na impahla yesinyithi kunye nobucwebe ngaphambi kovavanyo.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba uthatha izongezo zekhalsiyam okanye ezinye iivithamini kwikhemesti, musa ukuzithatha iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kovavanyo. Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi iivithamini kunye nezongezo ozithathayo. Uza kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi ongazithathayo nongazithathayo ngaphambi kovavanyo lwe-DXA.

Kwakhona, awunakukwazi ukwenza i-DXA scan zingadlulanga iiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuba wenze ezinye iimvavanyo zokujonga imifanekiso (umz., i-CT scan esebenzisa idayi yokwahlulahlula). Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba ucwangcise i-DXA scan, xelela igosa ukuba unazo naziphi na ezinye iimvavanyo ezicwangcisiweyo.

Uvavanyo lobunzima bamathambo luthatha ixesha elingakanani?

Uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo ludla ngokuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30 . Eli xesha linokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni mangaphi amathambo akho ekufuneka askeniwe.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki kwi-DXA scan?

Enyanisweni, iingozi zovavanyo lobunzima bamathambo ziphantsi kakhulu. Awuyi kuva ntlungu okanye ube nemiphumo emibi emva kokuhlolwa.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ucinga ukuba ukhulelwe, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho. Inqanaba lemitha esetyenziswa kwi-DXA scans liphantsi kakhulu kangangokuba alinabungozi kubantu abaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhulelwe, kungcono ukuphepha zonke iintlobo zemitha xa kunokwenzeka.

Ezinye izifundo zifumanise ukuba kunokubakho utshintsho oluncinci kwiziphumo ze-DXA scan ngokuxhomekeke kwinkampani eyenza i-scanner. Kodwa oko akusoloko kuyinto ekufuneka uyixhalabele. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga ubunzima bamathambo akho ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye unokuyalela uvavanyo oluphindaphindwayo okanye olunye uvavanyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Zithini iziphumo ze-DXA scan? Zithetha ukuthini?

Iziphumo ze-DXA scan zibonisa indlela amathambo akho aqinileyo naqinileyo ngayo.

Oogqirha basebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-"T score" ukulinganisa uxinano lwamathambo akho. Eli nqaku le-T lithelekisa uxinano lwamathambo akho noxinano lwamathambo lomntu osempilweni, ophakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 ubudala. Iziphumo zihlala zilinganiswa njengenani elingalunganga. Okukhona inqaku lakho le-T lisondela ku-zero (akunamsebenzi nokuba linani elilungileyo), kokukhona amathambo akho aqina ngakumbi.

• Phakathi kuka-0 no-1: Ubunzima bamathambo obusempilweni. (Le yimeko entle!)
• Phakathi kwe -1 kunye ne -2.5: Une ``Osteopenia``. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne ``Osteoporosis``.
• -2.5 okanye ngaphantsi: Unesifo sokudumba kwamathambo, okanye amathambo abuthathaka kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphuka ithambo.

Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngezi ziphumo aze akuchazele ukuba zithetha ukuthini. Ukuba ubunzima bamathambo akho buphantsi kunokuba bekulindelwe, uza kucebisa unyango oluza kunceda ukugcina amathambo akho eqinile. Umzekelo:

• Zilolonge ngakumbi: Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kuqinisa amathambo akho. Izinto ezifana nokuhamba, i-yoga, kunye noqeqesho lokuqinisa amandla zilungile ekuthinteleni ukulahleka kwamathambo.
• Izongezo okanye ukutya okukhethekileyo: Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba uthathe i-vitamin D okanye i-calcium supplement. Angakuxelela nokuba utye ukutya okune-vitamins kunye neeminerali ezininzi.
• Amayeza: Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okunciphisa ukulahleka kwamathambo nokuthintela ukwaphuka kwamathambo. Amanye amayeza e-osteoporosis anokunceda ukwandisa uxinano lwamathambo akho.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-DXA scan kunye ne-whole-body bone scan?

Iiskeni ze-DXA kunye neeskeni zamathambo zomzimba wonke ziimvavanyo ezimbini ezifanayo. Zombini iiskeni ziskeni amathambo akho, kodwa oogqirha bazisebenzisa ukujonga iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zempilo yamathambo akho.

• I-DXA scan luvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwe-X-ray olulinganisa uxinano lwamathambo akho kwaye lujonga izifo ezibuthathaka zamathambo ezifana ne-osteoporosis.
• Ukuhlolwa kwamathambo omzimba wonke kunokunceda oogqirha babone ukuba unesifo somhlaza, njengokuba sele sisasazeke emathanjeni akho (sisasazeke emathanjeni). Kunokunceda nasekuboneni ukuba umhlaza wakho ukuliphi inqanaba. Kungafumanisa nosulelo, ukwenzakala kwamathambo, kunye nezinye iingxaki.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-DXA scan, i-DEXA scan, uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo... nokuba ugqirha wakho ulubiza njani, luvavanyo olukhawulezayo, olulula (nolungenabuhlungu).Oku kuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba abone iimeko ezinokuchaphazela uxinano lwamathambo kwangethuba. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, imbali yesifo kusapho lwakho, okanye ezinye izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko, unokufuna uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo rhoqo.

Wonke umntu kufuneka akhathazeke ngoxinano lwamathambo njengoko ekhula. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka wenze i-DXA scan kangaphi. Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanembali ye-osteoporosis kusapho ukuba bahlolwe rhoqo uxinano lwamathambo abo.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda ugcine amathambo akho omelele ngokwaneleyo ukuze akuxhase ubomi bakho bonke. Ngoko ke, akukho nto inokubangela uxhalabe ngayo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, vavanywa kwaye uqaphele impilo yamathambo akho.

Iskeni se - DXA, uxinano lwamathambo, i-osteoporosis, i-osteopenia, ukwaphuka kwamathambo, amanqaku e-T, impilo yamathambo