Isifo esingaqhelekanga esiza emva kokuhamba ehlathini? Ngaba sisifo seLyme?

Mhlawumbi ukhe wazibona izilwanyana ezincinci zinamathele emzimbeni wakho xa uhamba ehlathini okanye kwintsimi enengca ende. Phakathi kwezi, iimpukane sisilwanyana ekufuneka usiqaphele kancinci. Kuba, ezinye iimpukane zinokubangela izifo. Esinye sezifo ezithwalwa yiimpukane esiza kuthetha ngaso namhlanje sisifo seLyme.

Yintoni isifo seLyme?

Ngamafutshane, isifo seLyme sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane (uhlobo lwentsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiBorrelia burgdorferi). Sidluliselwa kuthi, ukuba sichanekile, xa ikhala elithile elithwala le ntsholongwane – ekwaziwa ngokuba yikhakha yenyamakazi okanye ikhakha enemilenze emnyama – lisiluma. Ayizizo zonke ikhala esizibonayo ezidla ngokuba nesi sifo. Ezinye ikhala zemithi okanye ikhala zezinja azithwali ntsholongwane.

Esi sifo ngamanye amaxesha sibizwa ngokuba yi-"borreliosis." Isifo seLyme safunyanwa okokuqala ngo-1975 kwidolophu yaseLyme, e-USA. Apho, abantwana abaninzi ngequbuliso baba neempawu ezifana ne-"juvenile rheumatoid arthritis." Kamva abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba unobangela yayikulunywa ziincukuthu zenyamakazi ezineentsholongwane ezazikho kuloo ndawo.

Ngawaphi amanqanaba ahlukeneyo eSifo seLyme?

Isifo seLyme sinokukhula ngamanqanaba. Ngamanye amaxesha la manqanaba anokugqithana aze aphinde agqithane. Iimpawu zinokuchaphazela ulusu, amalungu, intliziyo, okanye inkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Kukho amanqanaba amathathu aphambili:

• Isifo seLyme esifumaneka kwangoko: Esi sifo sihlala malunga neveki enye ukuya kwezine emva kokulunywa ziikhakhayi.
• Isifo seLyme esisasazeke kwangoko: Oku kunokuchaphazela abantu emva kwenyanga enye ukuya kwezine emva kokosuleleka.
• Isifo seLyme esihlala ixesha elide, esisasazeke kade okanye esihlala ixesha elide: Oku kunokuchaphazela ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezine, ngamanye amaxesha kwaneminyaka, emva kokuchaphazeleka.

Ixhaphake kangakanani iSifo seLyme?

Kumazwe afana neMelika, kuthiwa malunga ne-30,000 yezigulana zixelwa ukuba zineSifo seLyme minyaka le. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubakho izigulana ezingaphezulu ezingaxelwanga kwaye zingafunyaniswanga ukuba zinesi sifo. Nangona kungekho zibalo zichanekileyo ngemeko yaseSri Lanka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho kukho khona iimpukane. Kuba, nakwilizwe lethu, kukho iimpukane kwiindawo ezifana neendawo zamahlathi, amasimi eti, kunye nengca.

Ziziphi iimpawu zesifo seLyme?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu zeSifo seLyme. Nazo ezi zinokuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba elikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili.

Iimpawu zokuqala zengingqi (iiveki ezi-1-4)

Ngeli xesha, unokubona izinto ezifana nale:

• Ibala elibomvu okanye ibala lesikhumba: Oogqirha babiza oku ngokuba yi-'erythema migrans' (EM)Olu lolona phawu luqhelekileyo. Ukulunywa ziincukuthu kuqala njengebala elincinci elibomvu kwiveki enye okanye ezine. Kwisithuba seentsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa, eli bala liyakhula kwaye linokuba yingqukuva, libunxantathu, okanye libe yi-oval. Lihlala libonakala ngathi 'liliso lenkunzi'. Oko kukuthi, kukho indawo ecacileyo embindini enesangqa esibomvu esijikelezileyo. Eli bala linokwahluka ukusuka kubukhulu bengqekembe ukuya ekugqumeni umqolo womntu wonke. Njengoko usulelo lusasazeka, amabala amaninzi '(EM)' anokuvela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.
• Ifiva
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukuqina kwentamo
• Iintlungu zomzimba kunye nentlungu yamalungu
• Ukudinwa
• Ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo

Iimpawu ezisasazekileyo kwangethuba (iinyanga ezi-1-4)

Kule nqanaba lesibini, ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokuvela:

• Ukuvela kwamabala (iivayirasi) njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.
• Ukukhubazeka kobuso (iBell's palsy). Oku kuthetha ukuba elinye icala lobuso libonakala ligobile.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesingqisho sentliziyo, njengokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yombane yentliziyo (ukuvimba kwentliziyo).
• Ukungaziva mnandi okanye iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga kwezinye iindawo (i-neuropathy).

Iimpawu ezikwinqanaba lokugqibela (kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka kamva) ezinokubakho ukuba azinyangwanga

Ukuba isifo asinyangwa kakuhle, oku kulandelayo kunokwenzeka emva kweenyanga:

• Ukudumba kwamalungu okuphindaphindiweyo (i-arthritis), ingakumbi okuchaphazela amalungu amakhulu afana namadolo.
• Ubunzima bokugxila, ukuziva ngathi ingqondo yakho igqunywe yinkungu. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi -'brain fog' . Oku kunokubangelwa kukonakala kwengqondo ('encephalopathy').
• I-Polyneuropathy yimeko echaphazela imithambo-luvo emzimbeni wonke, ichaphazela ulusu, izihlunu kunye namalungu angaphakathi.

Isifo seLyme sifunyanwa njani?

Kaloku, isifo seLyme sifunyanwa njani kanye kanye?

Ugqirha uza kuyixilonga le sifo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho, oko bakubonayo ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba (njengendawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-``(EM)''), kunye nokuba ubukhe waba kwindawo apho kukho iikhakhayi ezineentsholongwane.

Khawucinge nje, abantu abaninzi abakhumbuli okanye abazi nokuba bakhe balunywa yikhalane. Isizathu kukuba la makhalane mancinci kangangokuba aqhele ukungaziva ntlungu xa eluma.

Ugqirha uza kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo. Ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lokuqala lwegazi alubonisi ukuba unesifo seLyme, akuyi kufuneka uphinde wenze olunye uvavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uvavanyo lokuqala lubonise ukuba unesifo seLyme okanye aluqinisekanga, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza olunye uvavanyo. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuba unesifo seLyme , kufuneka ufumane iziphumo ezimbini ezilungileyo (mhlawumbi enye ibonise ukuba unesifo seLyme kwaye enye ibonise ukuba awuqinisekanga).

Isifo seLyme sinyangwa njani?

Isifo seLyme sinyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane . Ngokwesiqhelo, kusetyenziswa i-doxycycline okanye i-amoxicillin. La mayeza asebenza kakhulu kwisifo seLyme.

Ixesha omele ulithathe amayeza lixhomekeke kwinqanaba lesifo okuso. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa okukhona uqala unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona uya kuphila ngokukhawuleza nangokupheleleyo.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo nabo kufuneka bafune unyango ukuba bafumana isifo seLyme. Nangona kunjalo, akukho bungqina bokuba usulelo lunokudluliselwa ukusuka kumama ukuya kumntwana ongekazalwa. Akukho bungqina bucacileyo bokuba isifo seLyme sandisa umngcipheko wokuphuma kwesisu. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika, landela nje icebiso likagqirha wakho.

Ungenza ntoni xa ulunywa yikhalane?

Khawucinge ukuba ulunywe yikhalane. Wenza ntoni? Sukoyika. Nantsi indlela yokususa ikhalane:

• Ngee-tweezers ezibuthuntu, bamba 'intloko' yekhalane, oko kukuthi, apho inamathele khona eluswini lwakho, uze uyitsale kancinci kodwa ngokuqinileyo phezulu ide iphume eluswini lwakho.
• Musa ukuzama ukucinezela umzimba wekhalane. Musa nokuyichukumisa ngezandla zakho. Ukwenza njalo kunokukwenza uzive ngathi kukho iintsholongwane emzimbeni wekhalane.
• Hlamba kakuhle indawo etyiwe ziincukuthu ngesepha namanzi.
• Musa ukusebenzisa i-kerosene okanye i-petroleum jelly (efana neVaseline®) ukususa iimpuku. Musa ukusebenzisa iziqwenga zecuba ezishushu ukususa iimpuku. Ezi ziindlela ezingachanekanga.
• Musa ukucinezela umzimba wekhalane ngeminwe yakho okanye ngepliers.

Ngaba isifo seLyme singathintelwa?

Ngaba isifo seLyme singathintelwa ngokwenene ngaphambi kokuba sivele? Ewe, kunokwenzeka kakhulu.

Uninzi lwabantu lufumana isifo seLyme ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ehlotyeni, nasekuqaleni kwekwindla. Kulapho ke iimpukane ezingavuthwanga ziphuma khona zizokutya. Kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo, ukulunywa ziimpukane akuvamile ebusika.

Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-"deer ticks" zixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezinamahlathi nakwiindawo ezikufutshane nazo. Ingakumbi emaphethelweni ala mahlathi kunye namadlelo, la madlelo ngamanye amaxesha anokufumaneka kwiigadi apho iinyamakazi zihamba khona. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezinengca enelanga, amadlelo awaphili ixesha elide. Ayakhawuleza ome aze afe.

Ngokwesiqhelo, malunga ne-1% kuphela yazo zonke iikhakha zenyamakazi ezithwala iintsholongwane ezibangela isifo seLyme. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iindawo, ngaphezulu kwe-50% yeekhakha zithwala iintsholongwane. Iikhakha ezithwala esi sifo zixhaphake kakhulu kuMantla-mpuma nakuMantla-ntshona eMelika, kunye neendawo ezikunxweme.

Iinkozo ezinemilenze emnyama zinokusasaza olu sulelo kungekuphela nje kwiinyamakazi, kodwa nakwiimpuku, ii-voles, kunye nezinye iintlobo zee-squirrels.

Yintoni omele uyenze ukuze uhlale ukhuselekile kwiingcongconi?

Ukuze uhlale ukhuselekile kwiinki, khumbula ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Xosha ii-tick, zibeke ezingubeni zakhoUngatshiza isibulali-zinambuzane esibizwa ngokuba yi -`(permethrin)` . Esi sifumaneka kwiivenkile ezithengisa izinto zegadi. Izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane ezinekhemikhali ethi `(DEET)` zingafakwa empahleni okanye ngqo eluswini. Kodwa funda ilebheli ngononophelo. Musa ukusebenzisa kakhulu. Ukufaka kakhulu kunokuba yingozi.
• Nxiba iibhulukhwe ezinde kunye neehempe ezinemikhono emide. Ukunxiba impahla eqinileyo emaqatheni nasezihlahleni kunciphisa amathuba okuba iimpukane zifikelele eluswini, kwaye kunciphisa nokuchanabeka kwizinambuzane ezigxotha izinambuzane.
• Nxiba umnqwazi, faka ibhulukhwe yakho kwiikawusi zakho, kwaye unxibe izihlangu ezigubungela iinyawo zakho ngokupheleleyo.
• Nxiba impahla ekhanyayo ukuze ukwazi ukubona lula ikhalane ukuba lisemzimbeni wakho.
• Xa uhamba kwiindlela zasehlathini nakwiindlela, hamba embindini. Ngale ndlela, akunakufane kwenzeke ukuba ulunywe ziincukuthu ezivela engceni ejingayo nakwiimithi ezikumacala omabini.
• Emva kokuchitha ixesha ngaphandle kwindawo ocinga ukuba kukho iimpukane, qiniseka ukuba uhlola umzimba wakho ukuba azinazo na iimpukane (ezikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'tick check'). Kubalulekile ukuhlamba nokuhlamba kakuhle emva koko, kwaye uzikhuhle kakuhle ngelaphu okanye into ekhuhla umzimba wakho.
• Ukuba uneentwala ezimpahleni zakho, zibeke kwindawo yokomisa impahla kangangemizuzu eli-15. Iintwala ziya koma zize zife.
• Iikhaphetshu zingangena ekhayeni lakho zivela kwizilwanyana zasekhaya , ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wezilwanyana malunga neendlela zokukhusela isilwanyana sakho kwikhaphetshu.

Liyintoni ikamva lomntu onesifo seLyme?

Uninzi lwexesha, isifo seLyme siyanyangeka ukuba sinyangwa ngokukhawuleza. Unyango lunokunyanga isifo seLyme. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho iziphumo ezithile zexesha elide. Ukuba asinyangwa, isifo seLyme sinokukhokelela kwezinye iingxaki ezinzulu, kodwa asifane sibulale.

Isifo seLyme emva konyango (PTLDS)

Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba emva konyango, abanye abantu (phakathi kwe-5% kunye ne-15% yabantu) banokuqhubeka nokudinwa, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye neentloko ezibuhlungu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) .

Ukuba nezi mpawu akuthethi ukuba usenalo usulelo. I-PTLDS ayiphenduli kwiintsholongwane ezininzi. Kubantu abaninzi kweli qela, ezi mpawu ziyaphela kancinci emva kweenyanga ezintandathu.

Isifo seLyme esingapheliyo

Abanye abantu basebenzisa igama elithi "Chronic Lyme disease" ukubhekisa kumntu onesifo seLyme kwaye eneempawu ze "PTLDS". Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba isifo seLyme esingapheliyo kunye ne "PTLDS" zizinto ezifanayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho amaxesha apho abanye abantu bafunyanwa benesifo seLyme esingapheliyo ngaphandle kokuxilongwa kwangaphambili kwesifo seLyme. Ngamanye amaxesha, kuthiwa ukuqhubeka nonyango lwee-antibiotics kuya kunceda.

Eli gama lisenokuba yimbangela yokuba abanye abantu bacinge ukuba unokufumana isifo seLyme ngaphandle kokulunywa yikhalane. Akukabikho bungqina baneleyo bokungqina ukuba iingcongconi zisasaza isifo seLyme. Abaphandi abaninzi abakuthandi ukusebenzisa igama elithi 'isifo seLyme esingapheliyo' kuba liyadida kwaye liyaphikisana.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ngoko ke, ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

• Ukuba uziva ugula emva kokuba ukwindawo apho kukho iimpukane, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.
• Ukuba ufunyenwe unesifo seLyme kwaye awukaziva kakuhle nangona usele zonke ii-antibiotics ezimiselweyo, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uneempawu ezifana nentamo eqinileyo okanye ukudideka.

Ngaba isifo seLyme sinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo?

Ewe! Isifo seLyme sidla ngokuphela emva kweeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine zokusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anokufuneka kangangeeveki ezine. Nangona kunjalo, akukho sizathu sokucinga ukuba isifo seLyme siya kuhlala emzimbeni wakho ngonaphakade emva konyango.

Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule kweli nqaku (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masikukhumbuze ngezinto ezimbalwa esithethe ngazo namhlanje malunga neSifo seLyme esicinga ukuba zibalulekile:

• Nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela xa usiya kwiindawo apho kunokubakho khona iimpukane (emahlathini, emadlelweni). Izinto ezifana neebhulukhwe ezinde, iihempe ezinemikhono emide, kunye nezihlangu.
• Sebenzisa isixovuli sezinambuzane, kodwa lumka.
• Emva kokuchitha ixesha ngaphandle , jonga umzimba wakho ngononophelo ukuba awunazo na iimpukane.
• Ukuba kukho ikhala, yisuse kakuhle. Musa ukoyika.
• Ukuba uqalisa ukuba nomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, okanye indawo engaqhelekanga eluswini lwakho (ingakumbi ebonakala ngathi yindawo ekujoliswe kuyo), nokuba emva kokulunywa yikhalane okanye emva kokutyelela indawo apho kukho ikhalane, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Isifo seLyme sinokunyangeka ukuba sinyangwa kwangethuba. Thatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane achazwe ngugqirha wakho kanye ngexesha elimiselweyo.

Ukuzikhumbula ezi zinto kuya kukunceda kakhulu ekukhuseleni isifo seLyme, esidluliselwa ziincukuthu. Hlala usempilweni!

Isifo seLyme , iimpukane, ukulunywa ziincukuthu, iBorrelia burgdorferi, i-erythema migrans, iimpawu, unyango, uthintelo